Askeptosauridae is a family of thalattosaurs within the superfamily Askeptosauroidea. Fossils have been found from Italy, Switzerland, and China. Askeptosaurids are distinguished from other thalattosaurs by their long necks and narrow skulls.[1]
Askeptosauridae was named in 1952 to include the genus Askeptosaurus.[2] In 2000, the genus Anshunsaurus, which includes two species, was added to the family.[3] In a 2005 phylogenetic analysis, Endennasaurus was included within Askeptosauridae.[4] Later that year a new study placed Endennasaurus outside Askeptosauridae as a basal member of Askeptosauroidea.[1] More recent studies have placed the genus Miodentosaurus from China in the family as well. Below is a cladogram modified from Wu et al. (2009) showing the phylogenetic relationships of askeptosaurids:[5]
It was assigned to Thalattosauria by Kuhn (1966)[11] and Carroll (1988);[12] and to Askeptosauroidea by Wu et al. (2009).[5]
The Askeptosauridae is known to be from the Alpine Triassic and Southern China. The Endennasaurus is from the Norian age and is a sister taxon of Askeptosaurids. The Askeptoaurus which is the oldest known member of the Askeptosaurids derived from the Northern Tethyan Area.This information proposes that Edennasaurus and future askeptosaurids originated from that Northern Tethyan area.[4]
When the two major thalattosaur assemblages split, the Edennasaurus and Askeptosaurids still kept some similar appendages to each other, such as a relatively well-ossified carpus and tarsus. These bone structures show that these animals still made trips onto the land around them. The development of the elongated neck was for these creatures to better catch their prey. As a longer and more mobile neck gives them more advantage to be able to catch their movable prey.[4]
Referencesedit
^ abLiu, J.; Rieppel, O. (2005). "Restudy of Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis (Reptilia: Thalattosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Guizhou, China" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (3488): 1–34. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2005)488[0001:roahrt]2.0.co;2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 55642315.
^Kuhn-Schnyder, E. (1952). "Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen. XVII. Askeptosaurus italicus Nopcsa". Schweizerische Paläontologische Abhandlungen. 69: 1–52.
^ abRieppel, O.; Liu, J.; Bucher, H. (2000). "The first record of a thalattosaur reptile from the Late Triassic of southern China (Guizhou Province, PR China)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (3): 507–514. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0507:TFROAT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 140706921.
^ abcdMüller, J. (2005). "The anatomy of Askeptosaurus italicus from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio, and the interrelationships of thalattosaurs (Reptilia, Diapsida)". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (7): 1347–1367. Bibcode:2005CaJES..42.1347M. doi:10.1139/e05-030.
^ abWu, X.-C.; Cheng, Y.-N.; Sato, T.; Shan, H.-Y. (2009). (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 47 (1): 1–20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-11-22. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
^Rieber, H (1970). "Phragmoteuthis ? ticinensis n. sp., ein Coleoidea-Rest aus der Grenzbitumenzone (Mittlere Trias) des Monte San Giorgio (Kt. Tessin, Schweiz)". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 44 (1–2): 32–40. Bibcode:1970PalZ...44...32R. doi:10.1007/BF02989793. S2CID 129041989.
^Sun, Z; Maisch, M. W.; Hao, W.-C.; Jiang, D (2005). "A Middle Triassic thalattosaur (Reptilia: Diapsida) from Yunnan (China)". Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Monatshefte. 2005 (4): 193–206. doi:10.1127/njgpm/2005/2005/193.
^Rieppel, O; Liu, J; Li, C (2006). "A new species of the thalattosaur genus Anshunsaurus (Reptilia: Thalattosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Guizhou Province, southwestern China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 44 (4): 285–296.
^Li, C; Rieppel, O (2002). "A new cyamodontid placodont from Triassic of Guizhou, China". Chinese Science Bulletin. 47 (5): 403–407. Bibcode:2002ChSBu..47..403L. doi:10.1360/02tb9094. S2CID 129796015.
^Kuhn, O. W. M. (1966). Die Reptillien. System und Stammesgeschichte. pp. 1–154.
^R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution 1-698 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Uhen]
askeptosauridae, family, thalattosaurs, within, superfamily, askeptosauroidea, fossils, have, been, found, from, italy, switzerland, china, askeptosaurids, distinguished, from, other, thalattosaurs, their, long, necks, narrow, skulls, temporal, range, anisian,. Askeptosauridae is a family of thalattosaurs within the superfamily Askeptosauroidea Fossils have been found from Italy Switzerland and China Askeptosaurids are distinguished from other thalattosaurs by their long necks and narrow skulls 1 AskeptosauridaeTemporal range Anisian Norian 247 221 5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NSkeleton of Askeptosaurus italicusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ReptiliaOrder ThalattosauriaSuperfamily AskeptosauroideaFamily AskeptosauridaeKuhn Schnyder 1952Subgroups Askeptosaurus Anshunsaurus MiodentosaurusClassification editAskeptosauridae was named in 1952 to include the genus Askeptosaurus 2 In 2000 the genus Anshunsaurus which includes two species was added to the family 3 In a 2005 phylogenetic analysis Endennasaurus was included within Askeptosauridae 4 Later that year a new study placed Endennasaurus outside Askeptosauridae as a basal member of Askeptosauroidea 1 More recent studies have placed the genus Miodentosaurus from China in the family as well Below is a cladogram modified from Wu et al 2009 showing the phylogenetic relationships of askeptosaurids 5 Askeptosauroidea Endennasaurus acutirostris Askeptosauridae Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensisAnshunsaurus wushaensisAskeptosaurus italicusMiodentosaurus brevisChart Found on PBDB 6 Time Interval Ma Country or State Original ID and collection number Purpose of CollectionAnisian Ladinian 247 2 237 0 Switzerland Askeptosaurus italicus 174993 4 Taxonomic AnalysisIllyrian Fassanian 247 2 235 0 Switzerland Askeptosaurus italicus 122057 7 Taxonomic AnalysisLongobardian 242 0 235 0 China Yunnan Askeptosaurus sp 196166 8 Taxonomic AnalysisLongobardian 242 0 235 0 China Guizhou Anshunsaurus wushaensis Anshunsaurus huangnihensis 98907 9 General Faunal Floral AnalysisCarnian 237 0 228 0 China Guizhou Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis Miodentosaurus brevis 97906 3 General Faunal Floral AnalysisTuvalian 232 0 221 5 China Guizhou Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis 85166 10 General Faunal Floral AnalysisIt was assigned to Thalattosauria by Kuhn 1966 11 and Carroll 1988 12 and to Askeptosauroidea by Wu et al 2009 5 The Askeptosauridae is known to be from the Alpine Triassic and Southern China The Endennasaurus is from the Norian age and is a sister taxon of Askeptosaurids The Askeptoaurus which is the oldest known member of the Askeptosaurids derived from the Northern Tethyan Area This information proposes that Edennasaurus and future askeptosaurids originated from that Northern Tethyan area 4 When the two major thalattosaur assemblages split the Edennasaurus and Askeptosaurids still kept some similar appendages to each other such as a relatively well ossified carpus and tarsus These bone structures show that these animals still made trips onto the land around them The development of the elongated neck was for these creatures to better catch their prey As a longer and more mobile neck gives them more advantage to be able to catch their movable prey 4 References edit a b Liu J Rieppel O 2005 Restudy of Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis Reptilia Thalattosauria from the Middle Triassic of Guizhou China PDF American Museum Novitates 3488 1 34 doi 10 1206 0003 0082 2005 488 0001 roahrt 2 0 co 2 ISSN 0003 0082 S2CID 55642315 Kuhn Schnyder E 1952 Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen XVII Askeptosaurus italicus Nopcsa Schweizerische Palaontologische Abhandlungen 69 1 52 a b Rieppel O Liu J Bucher H 2000 The first record of a thalattosaur reptile from the Late Triassic of southern China Guizhou Province PR China Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20 3 507 514 doi 10 1671 0272 4634 2000 020 0507 TFROAT 2 0 CO 2 S2CID 140706921 a b c d Muller J 2005 The anatomy of Askeptosaurus italicus from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio and the interrelationships of thalattosaurs Reptilia Diapsida Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 42 7 1347 1367 Bibcode 2005CaJES 42 1347M doi 10 1139 e05 030 a b Wu X C Cheng Y N Sato T Shan H Y 2009 Miodentosaurus brevis Cheng et al 2007 Diapsida Thalattosauria its postcranial skeleton and phylogenetic relationships PDF Vertebrata PalAsiatica 47 1 1 20 Archived from the original PDF on 2011 11 22 Retrieved 2011 04 23 PBDB paleobiodb org Retrieved 2023 11 07 Rieber H 1970 Phragmoteuthis ticinensis n sp ein Coleoidea Rest aus der Grenzbitumenzone Mittlere Trias des Monte San Giorgio Kt Tessin Schweiz Palaontologische Zeitschrift 44 1 2 32 40 Bibcode 1970PalZ 44 32R doi 10 1007 BF02989793 S2CID 129041989 Sun Z Maisch M W Hao W C Jiang D 2005 A Middle Triassic thalattosaur Reptilia Diapsida from Yunnan China Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Monatshefte 2005 4 193 206 doi 10 1127 njgpm 2005 2005 193 Rieppel O Liu J Li C 2006 A new species of the thalattosaur genus Anshunsaurus Reptilia Thalattosauria from the Middle Triassic of Guizhou Province southwestern China Vertebrata PalAsiatica 44 4 285 296 Li C Rieppel O 2002 A new cyamodontid placodont from Triassic of Guizhou China Chinese Science Bulletin 47 5 403 407 Bibcode 2002ChSBu 47 403L doi 10 1360 02tb9094 S2CID 129796015 Kuhn O W M 1966 Die Reptillien System und Stammesgeschichte pp 1 154 R L Carroll 1988 Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution 1 698 A Behrensmeyer A Behrensmeyer M Uhen nbsp Paleontology portal nbsp This article about a Triassic reptile is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Askeptosauridae amp oldid 1191489341, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
