The jubilation that followed the May 25, 1973, return to democracy (following over six and a half years of military rule) was soon clouded by political friction and unforeseen events. President Héctor Cámpora, who took his Oath of Office in the presence of Cuban President Osvaldo Dorticós and Chilean leader Salvador Allende—both consular figures in Latin American Marxism—promptly declared a near-blanket amnesty for the several hundred political prisoners held by Alejandro Lanusse's regime (many in inhospitable camps such as the one in Trelew, scene of a 1972 mass execution). Cámpora also made controversial appointments, such as Rodolfo Puiggrós as President of the University of Buenos Aires, Esteban Righi as Minister of the Interior (overseeing law enforcement) and Julio Troxler as Assistant Police Chief of Buenos Aires - all former defense attorneys linked to the violently left-wing Montoneros. A number of left-wing lawyers were also elected to prominent elected posts across the nation, notably Oscar Bidegain (Governor of Buenos Aires Province), Ricardo Obregon Cano (Governor of Córdoba Province) and Alberto Martínez Baca (Governor of Mendoza Province), among others. This new-found prominence among the Argentine left encouraged an increasingly violent reaction among the far right. Among Cámpora's appointees was one insisted on by his patron, Juan Perón: José López Rega, a former policeman with an interest in the occult close to the Perón household since 1965.[1]
Perón's unconventional bid for new elections was made possible partly by the initial success of José Ber Gelbard's "Social Pact."
López Rega, formally Minister of Social Policy, quickly parlayed his portfolio control over nearly 30 percent of the national budget into a well-funded paramilitary force, the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (Triple A). Threatened by the Montoneros' inroads into student and neighborhood organizations, local governments and the Peronist Youth, they began targeting many of Cámpora's policy makers, some of which began resigning under pressure from Perón, himself. President Cámpora agreed to have Peronist militants in charge of most security arrangements for Perón's much-anticipated June 20, 1973, return from exile; as the Alitalia flight carrying the leader's retinue descended over Ministro Pistarini International Airport at Ezeiza, however, a scuffle erupted between left and right-wing minders over control of the stage from which Perón would address the nation, leading to a rash of pitched battles resulting in perhaps over a hundred deaths and Perón's public, July 13 suggestion that Cámpora resign.[1]
The calculating López Rega seized on this to prevail on Vice President Vicente Solano Lima and Senate President Alejandro Díaz Bialet to resign, as well, leaving a constitutional vacuum referred to as an "acephaly" — the absence of a head of state. This move created both the need for new elections and the chance to remove a number of Cámpora's leftist advisers; it also left the nation's highest office to the President of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies (lower house), Raúl Lastiri, who was, despite being a year older than López Rega, the powerful Social Policy Minister's son-in-law. The cautious Lastiri continued Cámpora's populist socio-economic policies; inheriting a growing threat from an increasingly armed Peronist Youth and the newly-active Trotskyite People's Revolutionary Army (ERP), which, in only three months, attacked a military installation and murdered a number of military figures, he replaced Interior Minister Righi and called elections for September 23. The runners-up in the March elections — Ricardo Balbín (UCR) and Francisco Manrique (APF) — again accepted their respective party's nomination, with Manrique obtaining the endorsement of the PDP and naming its leader as his running mate.[2]
Increasing violence led many in Argentina, including much of the armed forces to conclude that only Perón commanded enough respect to persuade extremists away from hostilities. Gathering in Buenos Aires' renowned Teatro Colón, the Justicialist Party struggled to nominate Perón's running mate. The choice of the leader's own wife, Isabel, intrigued the convention — she was, after all, the only prominent Peronist (aside from Perón himself) not publicly associated with any one faction within the fractious movement. Opposed to López Rega's suggestion at first, the aging Perón (who would, in theory, serve until May 1977) set aside strong personal doubts as to his wife's readiness for office and agreed. The two sailed into office in a record landslide on the same FREJULI umbrella ticket on which Cámpora had been elected only six months earlier.[3]
^Martínez, Tomás Eloy. La novela de Perón. Random House, 1985.[page needed]
^Elecciones(PDF). Estudios e Investigaciones Nº7. Vol. I. Dirección de Información Parlamentaria del Congreso de la Nación. April 1993. p. 231. ISBN950-685-009-7.
January 19, 2024
september, 1973, argentine, presidential, election, second, argentine, general, election, 1973, held, september, march, 1973, september, 1973, 1983, nominee, juan, perón, ricardo, balbín, francisco, manriqueparty, justicialist, party, radical, civic, union, fe. The second Argentine general election of 1973 was held on 23 September September 1973 Argentine presidential election March 1973 23 September 1973 1983 Nominee Juan Peron Ricardo Balbin Francisco ManriqueParty Justicialist Party Radical Civic Union Federal PartyAlliance Justicialist Liberation Front Federalist Popular AllianceRunning mate Isabel Peron Fernando de la Rua Rafael M RaymondaStates carried 23 CABA 0 0Popular vote 7 359 252 2 905 719 1 450 996Percentage 61 86 24 42 12 20 Most voted party by province President before electionRaul LastiriJusticialist Party Elected President Juan PeronJusticialist Party Contents 1 Background 2 Candidates 3 Results 4 ReferencesBackground editThe jubilation that followed the May 25 1973 return to democracy following over six and a half years of military rule was soon clouded by political friction and unforeseen events President Hector Campora who took his Oath of Office in the presence of Cuban President Osvaldo Dorticos and Chilean leader Salvador Allende both consular figures in Latin American Marxism promptly declared a near blanket amnesty for the several hundred political prisoners held by Alejandro Lanusse s regime many in inhospitable camps such as the one in Trelew scene of a 1972 mass execution Campora also made controversial appointments such as Rodolfo Puiggros as President of the University of Buenos Aires Esteban Righi as Minister of the Interior overseeing law enforcement and Julio Troxler as Assistant Police Chief of Buenos Aires all former defense attorneys linked to the violently left wing Montoneros A number of left wing lawyers were also elected to prominent elected posts across the nation notably Oscar Bidegain Governor of Buenos Aires Province Ricardo Obregon Cano Governor of Cordoba Province and Alberto Martinez Baca Governor of Mendoza Province among others This new found prominence among the Argentine left encouraged an increasingly violent reaction among the far right Among Campora s appointees was one insisted on by his patron Juan Peron Jose Lopez Rega a former policeman with an interest in the occult close to the Peron household since 1965 1 nbsp Peron s unconventional bid for new elections was made possible partly by the initial success of Jose Ber Gelbard s Social Pact Lopez Rega formally Minister of Social Policy quickly parlayed his portfolio control over nearly 30 percent of the national budget into a well funded paramilitary force the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance Triple A Threatened by the Montoneros inroads into student and neighborhood organizations local governments and the Peronist Youth they began targeting many of Campora s policy makers some of which began resigning under pressure from Peron himself President Campora agreed to have Peronist militants in charge of most security arrangements for Peron s much anticipated June 20 1973 return from exile as the Alitalia flight carrying the leader s retinue descended over Ministro Pistarini International Airport at Ezeiza however a scuffle erupted between left and right wing minders over control of the stage from which Peron would address the nation leading to a rash of pitched battles resulting in perhaps over a hundred deaths and Peron s public July 13 suggestion that Campora resign 1 The calculating Lopez Rega seized on this to prevail on Vice President Vicente Solano Lima and Senate President Alejandro Diaz Bialet to resign as well leaving a constitutional vacuum referred to as an acephaly the absence of a head of state This move created both the need for new elections and the chance to remove a number of Campora s leftist advisers it also left the nation s highest office to the President of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies lower house Raul Lastiri who was despite being a year older than Lopez Rega the powerful Social Policy Minister s son in law The cautious Lastiri continued Campora s populist socio economic policies inheriting a growing threat from an increasingly armed Peronist Youth and the newly active Trotskyite People s Revolutionary Army ERP which in only three months attacked a military installation and murdered a number of military figures he replaced Interior Minister Righi and called elections for September 23 The runners up in the March elections Ricardo Balbin UCR and Francisco Manrique APF again accepted their respective party s nomination with Manrique obtaining the endorsement of the PDP and naming its leader as his running mate 2 Increasing violence led many in Argentina including much of the armed forces to conclude that only Peron commanded enough respect to persuade extremists away from hostilities Gathering in Buenos Aires renowned Teatro Colon the Justicialist Party struggled to nominate Peron s running mate The choice of the leader s own wife Isabel intrigued the convention she was after all the only prominent Peronist aside from Peron himself not publicly associated with any one faction within the fractious movement Opposed to Lopez Rega s suggestion at first the aging Peron who would in theory serve until May 1977 set aside strong personal doubts as to his wife s readiness for office and agreed The two sailed into office in a record landslide on the same FREJULI umbrella ticket on which Campora had been elected only six months earlier 3 Candidates editJusticialist Liberation Front populist Former President Juan Peron of Buenos Aires Province Radical Civic Union centrist Former Deputy Ricardo Balbin of Buenos Aires Province Federalist Popular Alliance conservative Former Minister of Social Policy Francisco Manrique of Mendoza Province Worker s Socialist Party Juan Carlos Coral nbsp Peron nbsp Balbin nbsp Manrique nbsp CoralResults editPresidentialcandidate Vice Presidentialcandidate Party Votes Juan Domingo Peron Isabel Peron Total Peron Peron 7 359 252 61 86Justicialist Liberation Front FREJULI 6 469 525 54 38Popular Left Front FIP 889 727 7 48Ricardo Balbin Fernando de la Rua Radical Civic Union UCR 2 905 719 24 42Francisco Manrique Rafael Martinez Raymonda Federalist Popular Alliance APF 1 450 996 12 20Juan Carlos Coral Jose Francisco Paez Worker s Socialist Party PST 181 474 1 53Total 11 897 441 100Positive votes 11 897 441 98 69Blank votes 108 785 0 90Invalid votes 49 412 0 41Total votes 12 055 638 100Registered voters turnout 14 312 405 84 23Source 4 References edit a b Page Joseph Peron A biography Random House 1983 page needed Todo Argentina 1973 in Spanish Martinez Tomas Eloy La novela de Peron Random House 1985 page needed Elecciones PDF Estudios e Investigaciones Nº7 Vol I Direccion de Informacion Parlamentaria del Congreso de la Nacion April 1993 p 231 ISBN 950 685 009 7 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title September 1973 Argentine presidential election amp oldid 1181699317, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
