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Aramazd

April 23, 2023

Aramazd (Armenian: Արամազդ) was the chief and creator god in the Armenian version of Zoroastrianism.[1] The deity and his name were derived from the deity Ahura Mazda after the Median conquest of Armenia in the 6th century BC.[2] Aramazd was regarded as a generous god of fertility, rain, and abundance, as well as the father of the other gods, including Anahit, Mihr, and Nane. Like Ahura Mazda, Aramazd was seen as the father of the other gods, rarely with a wife, though sometimes husband to Anahit or Spandaramet. Aramazd was the Parthian form of Ahura Mazda.[3]

Name

The merging of the two words of Ahura Mazda first appears in the Old Persian section of the Behistun Inscription, carved by the Achaemenid King of Kings Darius the Great (r. 522 – 486 BC), who refers to the deity as Auramazdāha.[4] Avestan documents continued to spell the name with two words, a form which may have been accepted in Armenia.[5] Aramazd is the Parthian form of Ahura Mazda.[3]

History

Aramazd, Mihr, Anahit, Vahagn and Tir were the dominant deities of the Armenian pantheon.[6] Later attempts were made to reform the pantheon, including possibly reducing it to comprise three leading deities instead: Aramazd, Anahit and Vahagn.[7] The main sanctuary of Aramazd was located in Kamax in northern Armenia. Another sanctuary of Aramazd was located in Bagavan, which was near the seat of power in the Ararat Plain.[8] In Zoroastrianism, Ahura Mazda is considered the creator of wealth, and thus Armenians admired Aramazd as the giver of parart-utiwn (a loanword from Iranian, meaning "fatness, abundance").[9] One of the features of Parthian Zoroastrianism was that they had cult statues of the gods, which the Armenians imitated. Aramazd was associated with the Greek god Zeus.[10]

Identification with other deities

Aramazd was readily identified with Zeus through interpretatio Graeca, the two often sharing specific titles regarding greatness, bravery, or strength. There was some disagreement in scholarship as to the relationship between Aramazd, Amanor, and Vanatur, but the evidence most strongly indicates that Vanatur ("Lord of the Van") was a title for the chief deity (be it Ḫaldi or Ahura Mazda/Aramazd, though recorded uses are only as a title for Aramazd), and that Amanor was both a common noun referring the new year and a title for the deity whose celebration was held on the new year (Vanatur, whether Ḫaldi or Aramazd).

See also

References

  1. ^ Russell 2005, p. 29; Ellerbrock 2021; La Porta 2018, p. 1613; Boyce 2001, p. 84; Frenschkowski 2015, p. 469; Canepa 2018, p. 199
  2. ^ Russell 2005, p. 29.
  3. ^ a b Boyce 2001, p. 84.
  4. ^ Russell 1987, pp. 207–208.
  5. ^ Russell 1987, p. 208.
  6. ^ Garsoïan 1985, pp. 181–182.
  7. ^ Garsoïan 1985, p. 182.
  8. ^ Russell 2004, p. 378.
  9. ^ Russell 2004, p. 126.
  10. ^ Russell 2004, p. 383.

Sources

  • Boyce, Mary (2001). Zoroastrians: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0415239035.
  • Canepa, Matthew (2018). The Iranian Expanse: Transforming Royal Identity Through Architecture, Landscape, and the Built Environment, 550 BCE–642 CE. Oakland: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520379206.
  • Ellerbrock, Uwe (2021). The Parthians: The Forgotten Empire. Oxford: Routledge. ISBN 978-0367481902.
  • Garsoïan, Nina (1985). Armenia between Byzantium and the Sasanians. Variorum Reprints. ISBN 978-0860781660.
  • La Porta, Sergio (2018). "Zoroastrianism, Armenian". In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-866277-8.
  • Petrosyan, Armen (2002). The Indo‑european and Ancient Near Eastern Sources of the Armenian Epic. Washington, D.C. : Institute for the Study of Man. ISBN 9780941694810.
  • Petrosyan, Armen (2007). "State Pantheon of Greater Armenia: Earliest Sources". Aramazd: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 2: 174–201. ISSN 1829-1376.
  • Russell, James R. (1987). Zoroastrianism in Armenia. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674968509.
  • Russell, James R. (2004). Armenian and Iranian studies. Harvard Armenian Texts and Studies. Vol. 9. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0935411195.
  • Russell, James R. (2005). "Armenian mythology". The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19991-648-1.
  • Frenschkowski, Marco (2015). "Christianity". In Stausberg, Michael; Vevaina, Yuhan Sohrab-Dinshaw; Tessmann, Anna (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism. John Wiley And Sons Ltd. pp. 457–477.


 

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April 23, 2023
aramazd, armenian, Արամազդ, chief, creator, armenian, version, zoroastrianism, deity, name, were, derived, from, deity, ahura, mazda, after, median, conquest, armenia, century, regarded, generous, fertility, rain, abundance, well, father, other, gods, includin. Aramazd Armenian Արամազդ was the chief and creator god in the Armenian version of Zoroastrianism 1 The deity and his name were derived from the deity Ahura Mazda after the Median conquest of Armenia in the 6th century BC 2 Aramazd was regarded as a generous god of fertility rain and abundance as well as the father of the other gods including Anahit Mihr and Nane Like Ahura Mazda Aramazd was seen as the father of the other gods rarely with a wife though sometimes husband to Anahit or Spandaramet Aramazd was the Parthian form of Ahura Mazda 3 Contents 1 Name 2 History 3 Identification with other deities 4 See also 5 References 6 SourcesName EditThe merging of the two words of Ahura Mazda first appears in the Old Persian section of the Behistun Inscription carved by the Achaemenid King of Kings Darius the Great r 522 486 BC who refers to the deity as Auramazdaha 4 Avestan documents continued to spell the name with two words a form which may have been accepted in Armenia 5 Aramazd is the Parthian form of Ahura Mazda 3 History EditAramazd Mihr Anahit Vahagn and Tir were the dominant deities of the Armenian pantheon 6 Later attempts were made to reform the pantheon including possibly reducing it to comprise three leading deities instead Aramazd Anahit and Vahagn 7 The main sanctuary of Aramazd was located in Kamax in northern Armenia Another sanctuary of Aramazd was located in Bagavan which was near the seat of power in the Ararat Plain 8 In Zoroastrianism Ahura Mazda is considered the creator of wealth and thus Armenians admired Aramazd as the giver of parart utiwn a loanword from Iranian meaning fatness abundance 9 One of the features of Parthian Zoroastrianism was that they had cult statues of the gods which the Armenians imitated Aramazd was associated with the Greek god Zeus 10 Identification with other deities EditAramazd was readily identified with Zeus through interpretatio Graeca the two often sharing specific titles regarding greatness bravery or strength There was some disagreement in scholarship as to the relationship between Aramazd Amanor and Vanatur but the evidence most strongly indicates that Vanatur Lord of the Van was a title for the chief deity be it Ḫaldi or Ahura Mazda Aramazd though recorded uses are only as a title for Aramazd and that Amanor was both a common noun referring the new year and a title for the deity whose celebration was held on the new year Vanatur whether Ḫaldi or Aramazd See also EditAstghik Hayk VahagnReferences Edit Russell 2005 p 29 Ellerbrock 2021 La Porta 2018 p 1613 Boyce 2001 p 84 Frenschkowski 2015 p 469 Canepa 2018 p 199 Russell 2005 p 29 a b Boyce 2001 p 84 Russell 1987 pp 207 208 Russell 1987 p 208 Garsoian 1985 pp 181 182 Garsoian 1985 p 182 Russell 2004 p 378 Russell 2004 p 126 Russell 2004 p 383 Sources EditBoyce Mary 2001 Zoroastrians Their Religious Beliefs and Practices Psychology Press ISBN 978 0415239035 Canepa Matthew 2018 The Iranian Expanse Transforming Royal Identity Through Architecture Landscape and the Built Environment 550 BCE 642 CE Oakland University of California Press ISBN 9780520379206 Ellerbrock Uwe 2021 The Parthians The Forgotten Empire Oxford Routledge ISBN 978 0367481902 Garsoian Nina 1985 Armenia between Byzantium and the Sasanians Variorum Reprints ISBN 978 0860781660 La Porta Sergio 2018 Zoroastrianism Armenian In Nicholson Oliver ed The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 866277 8 Petrosyan Armen 2002 The Indo european and Ancient Near Eastern Sources of the Armenian Epic Washington D C Institute for the Study of Man ISBN 9780941694810 Petrosyan Armen 2007 State Pantheon of Greater Armenia Earliest Sources Aramazd Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies 2 174 201 ISSN 1829 1376 Russell James R 1987 Zoroastrianism in Armenia Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0674968509 Russell James R 2004 Armenian and Iranian studies Harvard Armenian Texts and Studies Vol 9 Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0935411195 Russell James R 2005 Armenian mythology The Oxford Companion to World Mythology Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19991 648 1 Frenschkowski Marco 2015 Christianity In Stausberg Michael Vevaina Yuhan Sohrab Dinshaw Tessmann Anna eds The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism John Wiley And Sons Ltd pp 457 477 This article about a deity is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Aramazd amp oldid 1147471099, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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