In the first decade of the 20th century Anzani developed his upright 3-cylinder 'W' type motorcycle engine, which powered Bleriot's successful Channel crossing flight of 1909, into a three-cylinder symmetric or 'Y' radial, and from that to a 6-cylinder double-row radial engine.[1]
By 1912[2] he had built the Anzani 10, a 10-cylinder engine, air-cooled like its predecessors, which, like other Anzani engines, was made with different size cylinders. One of the more powerful versions produced about 110 hp (82 kW) from 12.1 litres,[1] a British-built Anzani 10 was rated at 125 hp[3] and a smaller version with a displacement of 8.27 litres produced 80 hp (60 kW).[4] It was a double row engine, built with two rows of five cylinders separated along the crankshaft by about a cylinder radius, giving the engine a slimmer profile than other contemporary two-row radial engines. Each half had its own crankpin, 180° apart,[5] with the connecting rods, of chrome nickel steel, broad and flat to bring the two halves close together.[1][6] Cylinder heads and pistons were made of cast iron, the latter machined inside and out and fitted with a pair of rings.[6] Oil was forced through the crankshaft to the crankpins, then moved under centrifugal force to the cylinders and pistons[6] from inside the crankcase which was a single light alloy casting.[6]
Both inlet and exhaust valves were in the cylinder heads. The automatic inlet valves of earlier Anzani engines, opened by atmospheric pressure and closed by valve springs[4] were retained, but fuel was fed from a mixing chamber in the crankcase via inlet tubes placed at the rear of the engine to avoid cooling of the mixture by the oncoming airflow.[2] This arrangement placed the exhaust valves at the front of the engine, where they were operated from a cam in the rear of the crankcase via push rods and rockers.[2][7] A single carburettor fed the crankcase chambers from below. Some versions used a single Gibaud magneto,[6] running at 3,000 rpm, though others built by British Anzani had a pair of Bosch magnetos,[3] running slower. Plugs (K.L.G. for the British variant[3]) were mounted in the sides of the cylinder heads, sloping upwards to avoid plug fouling by lubricating oil.[1] The exhaust was collected by a prominent pair of semi-circular manifolds.
Operational history
One British-built 125 hp Anzani 10 underwent exhaustive tests at Farnborough in 1914.[1] Several early aircraft built singly or in small numbers flew with the Anzani 10, but the major users were the Caudron G.3 and G.4, particularly the later ones in which the Anzani replaced the lower powered rotary Gnomes. Numbers of these are uncertain because of the engine change. Because they powered the 66 Caudron G.4s purchased by the American Expeditionary Force after September 1917,[8] used largely as trainers, many Anzani 10s went to the USA. The first production aircraft built by Clyde Cessna, the Model AA was powered by the Anzani 10, and 14 of these were made. Huff-Daland also used them in several aircraft.
Valvetrain: One inlet and one exhaust valves/cylinder. Automatic inlet valves, push and rocker operated exhaust valves.
Fuel system: Single carburettor mounted between lowest cylinders, mixing chamber in crankcase. Single magneto. Plugs were fitted in the upper side of the cylinder head to avoid fouling.
^In some images of the rear of the engine, it is initially difficult to see the narrow pushods against the background of the broader inlet tubes, e.g. Fig 4 in Flight 4 January 1913, p.21
Gunston, Bill (1989). World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens. ISBN1-85260-163-9.
January 06, 2023
anzani, cylinder, anzani, 1913, cylinder, cooled, radial, aircraft, engine, powered, several, experimental, aircraft, also, later, production, versions, caudron, reconnaissance, aircraft, caudron, bomber, trainer, first, production, cessna, model, anzani, 10an. The Anzani 10 was a 1913 10 cylinder air cooled radial aircraft engine It powered several experimental aircraft and also the later production versions of the Caudron G 3 reconnaissance aircraft the Caudron G 4 bomber trainer and the first production Cessna the Model AA Anzani 10Anzani 10 propeller side Image from National Museum of the US Air ForceType 10 cylinder radial pistonNational origin FranceManufacturer AnzaniFirst run 1913 Contents 1 Design and development 2 Operational history 3 Applications 4 Specifications 110 hp 4 1 General characteristics 4 2 Components 4 3 Performance 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Notes 6 2 BibliographyDesign and development EditIn the first decade of the 20th century Anzani developed his upright 3 cylinder W type motorcycle engine which powered Bleriot s successful Channel crossing flight of 1909 into a three cylinder symmetric or Y radial and from that to a 6 cylinder double row radial engine 1 By 1912 2 he had built the Anzani 10 a 10 cylinder engine air cooled like its predecessors which like other Anzani engines was made with different size cylinders One of the more powerful versions produced about 110 hp 82 kW from 12 1 litres 1 a British built Anzani 10 was rated at 125 hp 3 and a smaller version with a displacement of 8 27 litres produced 80 hp 60 kW 4 It was a double row engine built with two rows of five cylinders separated along the crankshaft by about a cylinder radius giving the engine a slimmer profile than other contemporary two row radial engines Each half had its own crankpin 180 apart 5 with the connecting rods of chrome nickel steel broad and flat to bring the two halves close together 1 6 Cylinder heads and pistons were made of cast iron the latter machined inside and out and fitted with a pair of rings 6 Oil was forced through the crankshaft to the crankpins then moved under centrifugal force to the cylinders and pistons 6 from inside the crankcase which was a single light alloy casting 6 Both inlet and exhaust valves were in the cylinder heads The automatic inlet valves of earlier Anzani engines opened by atmospheric pressure and closed by valve springs 4 were retained but fuel was fed from a mixing chamber in the crankcase via inlet tubes placed at the rear of the engine to avoid cooling of the mixture by the oncoming airflow 2 This arrangement placed the exhaust valves at the front of the engine where they were operated from a cam in the rear of the crankcase via push rods and rockers 2 7 A single carburettor fed the crankcase chambers from below Some versions used a single Gibaud magneto 6 running at 3 000 rpm though others built by British Anzani had a pair of Bosch magnetos 3 running slower Plugs K L G for the British variant 3 were mounted in the sides of the cylinder heads sloping upwards to avoid plug fouling by lubricating oil 1 The exhaust was collected by a prominent pair of semi circular manifolds Operational history EditOne British built 125 hp Anzani 10 underwent exhaustive tests at Farnborough in 1914 1 Several early aircraft built singly or in small numbers flew with the Anzani 10 but the major users were the Caudron G 3 and G 4 particularly the later ones in which the Anzani replaced the lower powered rotary Gnomes Numbers of these are uncertain because of the engine change Because they powered the 66 Caudron G 4s purchased by the American Expeditionary Force after September 1917 8 used largely as trainers many Anzani 10s went to the USA The first production aircraft built by Clyde Cessna the Model AA was powered by the Anzani 10 and 14 of these were made Huff Daland also used them in several aircraft Applications EditAvro 504 K G EBWO 9 Bellanca CF Blackburn Type I Land Sea monoplane 1915 Blackburn White Falcon 1915 Blackburn Sidecar 1921 Breda Pensuti B 2 Caudron Type F Caudron G 3 1914 Caudron G 4 1915 Central Centaur IV 1919 Cessna Model AA 1920s Curtiss H 4 Deperdussin Seagull 1913 Felixstowe F 1 Handley Page Type G 1913 Huff Daland HD 1B Huff Daland HD 4 Huff Daland HD 9A Huff Daland TA 2 London and Provincial Fuselage Biplane 10 Sopwith Grasshopper Timm Collegiate Vickers F B 12C 1917Specifications 110 hp EditData from 1 General characteristics Type two row ten cylinder radial piston engine Bore 105 mm 4 13 in Stroke 140 mm 5 51 in Displacement 12 12 litres 739 8 cu in Dry weight 140 kg 308 lb 4 Designer A AnzaniComponents Valvetrain One inlet and one exhaust valves cylinder Automatic inlet valves push and rocker operated exhaust valves Fuel system Single carburettor mounted between lowest cylinders mixing chamber in crankcase Single magneto Plugs were fitted in the upper side of the cylinder head to avoid fouling Cooling system air cooledPerformance Power output 82 kW 110 hp Power to weight ratio 0 59 kW kg 0 36 hp lb See also EditRelated lists List of aircraft enginesReferences Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anzani 10 Notes Edit a b c d e f Gunston 1989 pp 15 6 a b c Flight 4 January 1913 p 21 a b c Flight 2 May 1914 p 474 a b c Flight 5 July 1913 p 748 A History of Aeronautics Pt 4 Ch 3 Archived October 7 2011 at the Wayback Machine a b c d e Flight 24 January 1914 pp 97 8 In some images of the rear of the engine it is initially difficult to see the narrow pushods against the background of the broader inlet tubes e g Fig 4 in Flight 4 January 1913 p 21 Fahey 1946 p 12 Jackson 1959 pp 73 79 Jackson 1960 p 372 Bibliography Edit Fahey James Charles 1946 U S Army Aircraft heavier than air 1908 1946 New York Ships and Aircraft OCLC 1726749 Jackson Aubrey Joseph 1959 British Civil Aircraft 1919 59 Vol 1 London Putnam Publishing OCLC 1301918 Jackson Aubrey Joseph 1960 British Civil Aircraft 1919 59 Vol 2 London Putnam Publishing OCLC 221677465 Aeronautical Engines Flight 20 1 4 January 1913 Anzani engines and the new 200 h p model Flight 748 5 July 1913 Aero engines at Paris show 1913 Flight 97 24 January 1914 Notes Flight 474 2 May 1914 Gunston Bill 1989 World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines Wellingborough Patrick Stephens ISBN 1 85260 163 9 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anzani 10 cylinder amp oldid 1002035711, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
