Antony Gormley
Sir Antony Mark David Gormley OBE RA (born 30 August 1950) is a British sculptor.[1] His works include the Angel of the North, a public sculpture in Gateshead in the north of England, commissioned in 1994 and erected in February 1998; Another Place on Crosby Beach near Liverpool; and Event Horizon, a multipart site installation which premiered in London in 2007, then subsequently in Madison Square in New York City (2010), São Paulo, Brazil (2012), and Hong Kong (2015–16).
Antony Gormley | |
|---|---|
Gormley in 2011 | |
| Born | Antony Mark David Gormley 30 August 1950 Hampstead, London, England |
| Education | |
| Known for | Sculpture, Installation Art, Public Artworks |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 3 |
| Awards |
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| Website | www |
Early life edit
Gormley was born in Hampstead, London, the youngest of seven children, to a German mother (maiden name Brauninger) and a father of Irish descent.[2][3][4] His paternal grandfather was an Irish Catholic from Derry who settled in Walsall in Staffordshire.[5] The ancestral homeland of the Gormley Clan (Irish: Ó Goirmleadhaigh) in Ulster was east County Donegal and west County Tyrone,[6] with most people in both Derry and Strabane being of County Donegal origin. Gormley has stated that his parents chose his initials, "AMDG", to have the inference Ad maiorem Dei gloriam – "to the greater glory of God".[7]
Gormley grew up in a Roman Catholic[8] family living in Hampstead Garden Suburb. The family was wealthy, with a cook and a chauffeur, with a home overlooking the golf course; Gormley's father was an art lover.[4] He attended Ampleforth College, a Benedictine boarding school in Yorkshire,[4] before reading archaeology, anthropology, and the history of art at Trinity College, Cambridge, from 1968 to 1971.[4] He travelled to India and the Dominion of Ceylon / Sri Lanka to learn more about Buddhism between 1971 and 1974.[4]
After attending Saint Martin's School of Art and Goldsmiths in London from 1974, he completed his studies with a postgraduate course in sculpture at the Slade School of Fine Art, between 1977 and 1979.[citation needed]
Career edit
Gormley's career began with a solo exhibition at the Whitechapel Gallery in 1981. Almost all his work takes the human body as its subject, with his own body used in many works as the basis for metal castings.
Gormley describes his work as "an attempt to materialise the place at the other side of appearance where we all live."[9] Many of his works are based on moulds taken from his own body, or "the closest experience of matter that I will ever have and the only part of the material world that I live inside."[9] His work attempts to treat the body not as an object, but as a place and in making works that enclose the space of a particular body to identify a condition common to all human beings. The work is not symbolic but indexical – a trace of a real event of a real body in time.
The 2006 Sydney Biennale featured Gormley's Asian Field, an installation of 180,000 small clay figurines crafted by 350 Chinese villagers in five days from 100 tons of red clay.[10] Use of others' works attracted minor comment. Some figurines were stolen.[citation needed] Also in 2006, the burning of Gormley's 25-m high The Waste Man formed the zenith of the Margate Exodus.[citation needed]
In 2007, Gormley's Event Horizon, consisting of 31 life-sized and anatomically correct casts of his body, four in cast iron and 27 in fiberglass, was installed on top of prominent buildings along London's South Bank, and installed in locations around New York City's Madison Square in 2010. Gormley said of the New York site, "Within the condensed environment of Manhattan's topography, the level of tension between the palpable, the perceivable, and the imaginable is heightened because of the density and scale of the buildings" and that in this context, the project should "activate the skyline in order to encourage people to look around. In this process of looking and finding, or looking and seeking, one perhaps re-assess one's own position in the world and becomes aware of one's status of embedment."[11] Critic Howard Halle said that "Using distance and attendant shifts of scale within the very fabric of the city, [Event Horizon] creates a metaphor for urban life and all the contradictory associations – alienation, ambition, anonymity, fame – it entails."[11]
In July 2009, Gormley presented One & Other, a Fourth Plinth commission, an invitation for members of the public, chosen by lot, to spend one hour on the vacant plinth in Trafalgar Square in London.[12] This "living art" happening initially attracted much media attention. It even became a topic of discussion on the long-running BBC radio drama series The Archers, where Gormley made an appearance as himself.[13]
In 2012, Gormley began making sculptures that could be termed as "digital-cubism".[14] Through solid steel cubes, the human form is rendered into an array of different postures and poses, boldly standing in a white gallery space.
In March 2014, Gormley appeared in the BBC Four series What Do Artists Do All Day? in an episode that followed his team and him in their Kings Cross studio, preparing a new work – a group of 60 enormous steel figures – called Expansion Field. The work was shown at the Zentrum Paul Klee in Bern.[15]
In May 2015 five life-sized sculptures, Land, were placed near the centre and at four compass points of the UK in a commission by the Landmark Trust to celebrate its 50th anniversary. They are at Lowsonford (Warwickshire), Lundy (Bristol Channel), Saddell Bay (Scotland), the Martello Tower (Aldeburgh, Suffolk), and Clavell Tower (Kimmeridge Bay, Dorset).[16][17] The Dorset sculpture was knocked over into Kimmeridge Bay by a storm in September 2015.[18]
On 6 September 2015, Another Place marked the 10th anniversary of its installation at Crosby Beach in Merseyside. Gormley commented:
I'm just delighted by the barnacles!
Every time I'm there, just like any other visitor, you're encouraged to linger a bit longer seeing the tide come in and how many of them disappear. And then you're encouraged to linger further until they're revealed again.[19]
In September 2015, Gormley had his first sculpture installed in New Zealand. Stay is a group of identical cast-iron human form sculptures, with the first installed in the Avon River / Ōtākaro in Christchurch's central city, and the other sculpture installed in the nearby Arts Centre in early 2016.[20]
Gormley is a patron of Paintings in Hospitals, a charity that provides art for health and social care in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.[21]
In 2017, Gormley curated Inside, an exhibition at the Southbank Centre, London, presented by Koestler Trust showing artworks by prisoners, detainees, and ex-offenders. In addition, he judged their annual category prize, also on the theme "inside".[22]
On 21 April 2018, Gormley released a limited edition vinyl album of ambient sounds from his studio for Record Store Day titled Sounds of the Studio. It consisted of two tracks (one on each side) titled Sounds of the Studio (Part 1) and Sounds of the Studio (Part 2). It came with an inner with a monochrome print of his studio on one side and text by the artist with a photo on the other.[23]
In 2019, Gormley repopulated the island of Delos with iron "bodyforms" with the unprecedented site-specific exhibition Sight. Organised and commissioned by the NEON Organization and presented in collaboration with the Ephorate of Antiquities of Cyclades, this project marked the first time that an artist took over the archaeological site of Delos since the island was inhabited over 5,000 years ago, and is the first time a contemporary art installation has been unanimously approved by the Greek Archaeological Council of the Ministry of Culture to take place in Delos, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[24][25] Talking about this exhibition, Antony Gormley stated, "I treat the body as a place encouraging empathic occupation of that which lies the other side of appearance: what it feels like".[26] He installed 29 sculptures made during the last 20 years, including five new works specially commissioned by the NEON Organization, both at the periphery and integrated amongst Delos's archaeological site and museum animating the geological and archaeological features of the island.[27]
In 2020, Gormley was confirmed to be "lending" a sculpture to Kirklees College to sit atop its new building at Pioneer House in Dewsbury, as part of a major redevelopment in the town.
In 2022, a Gormley sculpture called ALERT was installed on the main campus of Imperial College London. The installation raised objections from the student body due to its perceived "phallic" interpretation.[28]
Virtual reality edit
In 2017, the Royal Academy invited Gormley to consider the possibilities of virtual reality (VR).[29] In 2019 in collaboration with astronomer Priyamvada Natarajan he produced a VR experience called Lunatick, which allows the viewer to seemingly travel through space to the Moon and fly over its surface, based on images from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.[30]
Recognition edit
Gormley won the Turner Prize in 1994 with Field for the British Isles. He was quoted as saying that he was "embarrassed and guilty to have won...In the moment of winning there is a sense the others have been diminished. I know artists who've been seriously knocked off their perches through disappointment."[31]
Gormley has been a Royal Academician since 2003, and was a trustee of the British Museum from 2007 to 2015. He is an honorary fellow of the Royal Society of Arts and the Royal Institute of British Architects, honorary doctor of the universities of Teesside, Liverpool, University College London, and Cambridge, and a fellow of Trinity and Jesus Colleges, Cambridge. In October 2010, along with 100 other leading artists, he signed an open letter to Culture Minister Jeremy Hunt protesting cutbacks in the arts.[32]
On 13 March 2011, Gormley was awarded the Laurence Olivier Award for Outstanding Achievement in Dance for the set design for Babel (Words) at Sadler's Wells in collaboration with Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui and Damien Jalet.[33] He was the recipient of the Obayashi Prize in 2012 and is the 2013 Praemium Imperiale laureate for sculpture. Gormley was knighted in the 2014 New Year Honours for services to the arts, having previously been appointed OBE in 1998.[34][35]
For Room, he received the 2015 Marsh Award for Excellence in Public Sculpture.[36]
In 2019, the Royal Academy held an exhibition filling its 13 main galleries with Gormley's works, including some new (designed to fit the space), some remade for the gallery, and some of his early sculptures, with two rooms of his drawings and sketchbooks.[37]
In 2008, The Daily Telegraph ranked Gormley number four in their list of the "100 most powerful people in British culture".[38]
Art market edit
Gormley's auction record is £3,401,250 for a maquette of the Angel of the North, set at Christie's, London, on 14 October 2011.[39]
Personal life edit
While at the Slade School of Fine Art, Gormley met Vicken Parsons, who was to become his assistant, and in 1980, his wife, as well as a successful artist in her own right.[7][40] Gormley said of her:[7]
For the first 15 years she was my primary assistant. She did all of the body moulding... I think there are a lot of myths that art is made by, usually, lone men... I just feel so lucky and so blessed really, that I have such a strong supporter, and lover, and fellow artist.
The couple have a daughter and two sons.[41][42]
In June 2022 Gormley said that he had applied for German citizenship, to which he is entitled through his German mother, after describing Brexit as "a practical disaster" and a "betrayal".[1]
Major works edit
Gormley's website includes images of nearly all of his works up to 2012. The most notable include:
- Bed (1981) – purchased by the Tate Gallery.[40]
- Sound II (1986) – in the crypt of Winchester Cathedral, Winchester, Hampshire, England
- Field (1991; and subsequent recreations)
- Iron:Man (1993) – Victoria Square, Birmingham, England
- Havmann (1995) – Mo i Rana, Norway
- Another Place (1997) – permanently installed at Crosby Beach near Liverpool, England[43]
- Quantum Cloud (1999)– Greenwich, London, England
- Broken Column (1999–2003) – Stavanger, Norway[44]
- Angel of the North (1998) – Low Fell (overlooking the A1 and A167 roads), Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England
- Present Time (2001) – at Mansfield College, Oxford
- Planets (2002) – at the British Library, London.[45]
- Filter (2002) – acquired by Manchester Art Gallery, Manchester, England, in 2009
- Inside Australia (2003) permanent exhibition at Lake Ballard, Western Australia
- Time Horizon – the Archaeological Park of Scolacium near Catanzaro in Calabria, Southern Italy[46]
- Ferment (2007)[47]
- Blind Light (2007), Hayward Gallery, South Bank, London
- Event Horizon (2007) – along the South Bank of the Thames, London, England; (2010) around Madison Square, New York City; 2012 in São Paulo, Brazil; 2015–16 in Hong Kong
- Reflection II (2008) – acquired by DeCordova Museum and Sculpture Park, Lincoln, Massachusetts, in 2009
- One & Other (6 July – 14 October 2009) – Trafalgar Square, London, England[12]
- Habitat – Gormley's first permanent installation in the United States, in Anchorage, Alaska on the grounds of the Anchorage Museum, cost an estimated $565,000.
- Another Time XI (2009) – Gormley's sculpture on top of Exeter College, Oxford, overlooking Broad Street[48]
- Horizon Field (2010–2012) – sculpture installation in the Austrian Alps.
- Exposure (2010) – Lelystad, Netherlands
- Cloud Chain (2010) – Les Archives Nationales, Paris, France
- Transport (2011) - Crypt of Canterbury Cathedral, Kent, England
- Mothership with Standing Matter[49] (2011) Lillehammer, Norway
- Witness (2011) – on the piazza of the British Library, London; commissioned by English PEN to mark their 90th anniversary.[50]
- Horizon Field Hamburg (2012) – Deichtorhallen, Germany
- Stay (2015/16) – Christchurch, New Zealand[20]
- Sight (2019) – Delos Island, Mykonos, Greece; organised and commissioned by the NEON Organization and presented in collaboration with the Ephorate of Antiquities of Cyclades of the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports.[26]
- True, for Alan Turing (2024) – King's College, Cambridge[51]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b Boztas, Senay (4 June 2022). "Antony Gormley to become German citizen due to 'tragedy' of Brexit". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
- ^ Heathcote, Edwin (9 September 2016). "Antony Gormley on the role of architecture in his new work". Financial Times.
- ^ "Antony Gormley Biography, Life & Quotes".
- ^ a b c d e Wroe, Nicholas (25 June 2005). "Leader of the pack". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 August 2009.
- ^ Aidan Dunne, The Irish Times, Wednesday, 6 January 2016.
- ^ Robert Bell, The Book of Ulster Surnames, pps. 80–81. The Blackstaff Press, Belfast, 2003.
- ^ a b c "Antony Gormley: Being Human". Imagine. Autumn 2015. BBC. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
- ^ "Interview with Antony Gormley". BBC. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
- ^ a b Antony Gormley: Making Space, Beeban Kidron documentary, 2007, shown on Channel 4 UK, November 2009; Channel4.com
- ^ "Asian Field Tour 2003–2004". Antony Gormley.
- ^ a b Event Horizon: Mad. Sq. Art.: Antony Gormley Madison Square installation guide
- ^ a b "One & Other — official website" 7 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine, OneAndOther.co.uk. Retrieved 6 August 2009.
- ^ Nikkhah, Roya; "Antony Gormley to star in The Archers", The Daily Telegraph, 28 June 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2009.
- ^ "Bodyspace in New York at The Sean Kelly Gallery". Time Out. 12 November 2012. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
- ^ "Four – Watch Live". BBC. 1 January 1970. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ^ . Landmark Trust. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
- ^ "Sir Antony Gormley sculptures placed at five UK beauty spots". BBC. 12 May 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
- ^ "Sir Antony Gormley Kimmeridge Bay statue topples into sea". BBC. 20 September 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
- ^ Jones, Catherine (28 June 2015). "Antony Gormley talks about Another Place". liverpoolecho. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ a b Campbell, Georgina (30 September 2015). "First Gormley statue put in place". The Press. p. A3. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ Wrathall, Claire (13 October 2017). "Exploring the palliative power of art". Financial Times. Retrieved 18 December 2018.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Bankes, Ariane (8 January 2018). "Why we need to free art by prisoners from behind bars". Apollo. Retrieved 31 January 2019.
- ^ Antony Gormley – Sounds Of The Studio (2018, Vinyl), 21 April 2018, retrieved 5 January 2022
- ^ Smith, Helena (4 May 2019). "Antony Gormley is the new kid on the block in ancient Greece". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
- ^ "Delos". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
- ^ a b "Sight | Antony Gormley on the Island of Delos". NEON. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
- ^ "Visit Greece | Sight exhibition on Delos Island". www.visitgreece.gr. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
- ^ Khomami, Nadia; Arts, Nadia Khomami; correspondent, culture (3 August 2022). "Antony Gormley's 'phallic' statue may damage our reputation, say students". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
- ^ ""It's a trick on consciousness" – Antony Gormley on virtual reality". royalacademy.org.uk. Royal Academy. 13 December 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
- ^ Ings, Simon (30 March 2019). "Let's go skiing on the moon". New Scientist. New Scientist Ltd.
- ^ Higgins, Charlotte, "Antony Gormley, Turner prize winner 1994", The Guardian, 8 September 2007. Retrieved 6 August 2009.
- ^ Walker, Peter, "Turner Prize winners lead protest against arts cutbacks", The Guardian, 1 October 2010.
- ^ "Outstanding Achievement in Dance" Archived 13 January 2012 at archive.today on the Olivier Awards website
- ^ "No. 60728". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 2013. p. 1.
- ^ United Kingdom list: "No. 54993". The London Gazette (1st supplement). 30 December 1997. pp. 1–28.
- ^ "Marsh Award for Excellence in Public Sculpture". Marsh Christian Trust. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
- ^ "Antony Gormley | 21 September – 3 December 2019". Royal Academy of Arts. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
- ^ "The 100 most powerful people in British culture". The Daily Telegraph. 9 November 2016.
- ^ "Antony Gormley (b. 1950)".
- ^ a b Phillips, Sarah (6 February 2012). "How we made: Vicken Parsons and Antony Gormley on Bed". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
- ^ "Never again, says Antony Gormley's wife after they create first joint artwork". Evening Standard. 20 March 2012. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
- ^ Jones, Alice (8 May 2015). "Sir Antony Gormley interview: 'I don't have any choice over this: it's what I was born to do'". The Independent. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
- ^ "Another Place" 8 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine on Antony Gormley's official website
- ^ Karlsen, Gar. "Broken Column"
- ^ Preece, R. J. (2003). "Antony Gormley: Planets at British Library, London", Sculpture / artdesigncafe. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
- ^ Time Horizon 10 January 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Archaeological Park of Scolacium
- ^ Higgins, Hannah B. The Grid Book Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2009. pp. 273–74 ISBN 978-0-262-51240-4
- ^ . Ropac.net. Archived from the original on 16 February 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
- ^ "The British Library unveils new Antony Gormley sculpture to commemorate English PEN's 90th anniversary". Pressandpolicy.bl.uk. 13 December 2011. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
- ^ "True, for Alan Turing, a work by Antony Gormley". kingscollege.shorthandstories.com. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
External links edit
| External videos | |
|---|---|
| Antony Gormley – The Art Fund on YouTube, ArtFund UK |
- Official website
- 2 artworks by or after Antony Gormley at the Art UK site
- Antony Gormley on Artcyclopedia
- Interviewed by Alan Macfarlane 29 April 2009 (video)
- An interview with Gormley by Edward Lucie Smith in RealMedia format
- Interactive video interview with Gormley and interactive exploration of his work at the Tate Gallery 29 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- Antony Gormley at Xavier hufkens, Brussels
- . A tour of the artist's studio. 1 September 2007
- Studio Visit: Antony Gormley. London, 4 November 2011
- White Cube
- Antony Gormley. A tour around his studio Video by Louisiana Channel
- Antony Gormley at TED
- Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections
- Antony Gormley on the sacred island of Delos talking about SIGHT exhibition