Android Studio
Android Studio is the official[7] integrated development environment (IDE) for Google's Android operating system, built on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA software and designed specifically for Android development.[8] It is available for download on Windows, macOS and Linux based operating systems.[9] It is a replacement for the Eclipse Android Development Tools (E-ADT) as the primary IDE for native Android application development. Android Studio is licensed under the Apache license but it ships with some SDK updates that are under a non-free license, making it not open source. [10]
Screenshot of Android Studio Giraffe | 2022.3.1 | |
| Developer(s) | Google, JetBrains |
|---|---|
| Stable release | 2023.3.1[1] / 30 April 2024 |
| Preview release | 2024.1.1[2] / 29 April 2024 |
| Written in | JavaScript, Kotlin and C++ |
| Operating system | Windows, macOS, Linux (including ChromeOS)[3] |
| Size | 8.1 to 9.5 GB[3] |
| Type | Integrated development environment (IDE) |
| License | Binaries: Freeware,[4] Source code:[5][6] Apache License (except SDK updates with proprietary license)[citation needed] |
| Website | developer |
Android Studio was announced on May 16, 2013, at the Google I/O conference. It was in early access preview stage starting from version 0.1 in May 2013, then entered beta stage starting from version 0.8 which was released in June 2014.[11] The first stable build was released in December 2014, starting from version 1.0.[12] At the end of 2015, Google dropped support for Eclipse ADT, making Android Studio the only officially supported IDE for Android development.[13]
On May 7, 2019, Kotlin replaced Java as Google's preferred language for Android app development.[14] Java is still supported, as is C++.[15]
Features edit
The following features are provided in the current stable version:[16][17]
- Gradle-based build support
- Android-specific refactoring and quick fixes
- Lint tools to catch performance, usability, version compatibility and other problems
- ProGuard integration and app-signing capabilities
- Template-based wizards to create common Android designs and components
- A rich layout editor that allows users to drag-and-drop UI components, option to preview layouts on multiple screen configurations[18]
- Support for building Android Wear apps
- Built-in support for Google Cloud Platform, enabling integration with Firebase Cloud Messaging (Earlier 'Google Cloud Messaging') and Google App Engine[19]
- Android Virtual Device (Emulator) to run and debug apps in the Android studio.
Android Studio supports all the same programming languages of IntelliJ (and CLion) e.g. Java, C++, and more with extensions, such as Go;[20] and Android Studio 3.0 or later supports Kotlin,[21] and "all Java 7 language features and a subset of Java 8 language features that vary by platform version."[22] External projects backport some Java 9 features.[23] While IntelliJ states that Android Studio supports all released Java versions, and Java 12, it's not clear to what level Android Studio supports Java versions up to Java 12 (the documentation mentions partial Java 8 support). At least some new language features up to Java 12 are usable in Android.[24]
Once an app has been compiled with Android Studio, it can be published on the Google Play Store. The application has to be in line with the Google Play Store developer content policy.
Version history edit
The following is a list of Android Studio's major releases:[25]
| Version | Release date |
|---|---|
| 1.0 | December 2014 |
| 1.1 | February 2015 |
| 1.2 | April 2015 |
| 1.3 | July 2015 |
| 1.4 | September 2015 |
| 1.5 | November 2015 |
| 2.0 | April 2016 |
| 2.1 | April 2016 |
| 2.2 | September 2016 |
| 2.3 | March 2017 |
| 3.0 | October 2017 |
| 3.1 | March 2018 |
| 3.2 | September 2018 |
| 3.3 | January 2019 |
| 3.4 | April 2019[26] |
| 3.5 | August 2019 |
| 3.6 | February 2020 |
| 4.0 | May 2020 |
| 4.1 | Oct 2020[27] |
| 4.2 | May 2021[28] |
| Arctic Fox (2020.3.1) | July 2021[29] |
| Bumblebee (2021.1.1) | January 2022[30] |
| Chipmunk (2021.2.1) | May 2022[31] |
| Dolphin (2021.3.1) | September 2022[32] |
| Electric Eel (2022.1.1) | January 2023[33] |
| Flamingo (2022.2.1) | April 2023[34] |
| Giraffe (2022.3.1) | July 2023[35] |
| Hedgehog (2023.1.1) | November 2023[36] |
| Iguana (2023.2.1) | February 2024[37] |
| Jellyfish (2023.3.1) | April 2024[38] |
| Koala (2024.1.1) | TBD |
System requirements edit
| Microsoft Windows | macOS | Linux | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating System Version | Microsoft Windows 8/10 (64-bit) | macOS 10.14 Mojave or newer | Any 64-bit Linux distribution that supports GNOME, KDE, or Unity; GNU C Library (glibc) 2.31 or later |
| Required RAM | 8 GB or more | ||
| Free space | 8 GB of available disk space minimum | ||
| Minimum screen resolution | 1280 x 800 minimum screen resolution | ||
These features includes requirements for IDE + Android SDK + Android Emulator.[39]
- Windows: x86_64 CPU architecture; 2nd generation Intel Core or newer, or AMD CPU with support for a Windows Hypervisor;
- Mac OS: ARM-based chips, or 2nd generation Intel Core or newer with support for Hypervisor.Framework;
- Linux: x86_64 CPU architecture; 2nd generation Intel Core or newer, or AMD processor with support for AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) and SSSE3;
- Windows: CPU with UG (unrestricted guest) support;
- Intel Hardware Accelerated Execution Manager (HAXM) 6.2.1 or later (HAXM 7.2.0 or later recommended).
The use of hardware acceleration has additional requirements on Windows and Linux:
- Intel processor on Windows or Linux: Intel processor with support for Intel VT-x, Intel EM64T (Intel 64), and Execute Disable (XD) Bit functionality;
- AMD processor on Linux: AMD processor with support for AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) and Supplemental Streaming SIMD Extensions 3 (SSSE3);
- AMD processor on Windows: Android Studio 3.2 or higher and Windows 10 April 2018 release or higher for Windows Hypervisor Platform (WHPX) functionality.
For an attached webcam to work with Android 8.1 (API level 27) and higher system images, it must have the capability to capture 720p frames.[40]
References edit
- ^ "Gemini in Android Studio and more: Android Studio Jellyfish is Stable!".
- ^ "Android Studio Koala | 2024.1.1 Canary 7 now available".
- ^ a b "Download Options". developer.android.com. Retrieved November 16, 2021.
- ^ "Terms and Conditions". developer.android.com. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
- ^ "Build Overview". android.com.
- ^ "Building Android Studio". android.com.
- ^ "Download Android Studio and SDK tools". Android Developers.
- ^ Ducrohet, Xavier; Norbye, Tor; Chou, Katherine (May 15, 2013). "Android Studio: An IDE built for Android". Android Developers Blog. Retrieved May 16, 2013.
- ^ "Getting Started with Android Studio". Android Developers. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
- ^ "Com.google.AndroidStudio/Com.google.AndroidStudio.appdata.XML at master · flathub/Com.google.AndroidStudio". GitHub.
- ^ "Download Android Studio". Android Developers. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- ^ "Google Launches Android Studio And New Features For Developer Console, Including Beta Releases And Staged Rollout". VentureBeat. December 8, 2014. Retrieved December 9, 2014.
- ^ "An update on Eclipse Android Developer Tools". June 26, 2015. Retrieved September 27, 2022.
- ^ "Google I/O 2019: Empowering developers to build the best experiences on Android + Play". Android Developers Blog. May 7, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2024.
- ^ Sinicki, Adam (August 10, 2019). "I want to develop Android Apps — What languages and program I should use & learn?". Android Authority. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
- ^ Honig, Zach (May 15, 2013). "Google intros Android Studio, an IDE for building apps". Engadget. AOL. Retrieved May 16, 2013.
- ^ . Archived from the original on July 20, 2022. Retrieved July 20, 2022.
- ^ Olanoff, Drew (May 15, 2013). "Google Launches Android Studio And New Features For Developer Console, Including Beta Releases And Staged Rollout". TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved May 16, 2013.
- ^ "Android Studio BETA". Google. May 15, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
- ^ Google Go language IDE built using the IntelliJ Platform: go-lang-plugin-org/go-lang-idea-plugin, Go Language support for IDEA based IDEs, February 23, 2019, retrieved February 23, 2019,
Supported IDEs [..] Android Studio 1.2.1+
- ^ "Get Started with Kotlin on Android | Android Developers". developer.android.com. Retrieved October 25, 2017.
- ^ "Use Java 8 language features | Android Developers". developer.android.com. Retrieved October 25, 2017.
- ^ "android-retroflow: Backport of Java 9 (JEP 266) reactive-streams Flow and SubmissionPublisher API for Android Studio 3.0 desugar toolchain, forked from [..]". retrostreams. October 22, 2017. Retrieved October 25, 2017.
- ^ "Android's Java 9, 10, 11, and 12 Support". Jake Wharton. November 27, 2018. Retrieved February 23, 2019.
Hopefully by the time Java 12 is actually released D8 will have implemented desugaring for Java 11's nestmates. Otherwise the pain of being stuck on Java 10 will go up quite a bit!
- ^ "Android Studio Release Notes". Android Developers Official Website. August 2019. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
- ^ "Google Android Studio 3.4 Now Available, Here's What's New - Appetiser". April 25, 2019.
- ^ "Android Studio 4.1".
- ^ "Android Studio 4.2 available in the Stable channel".
- ^ "Android Studio Arctic Fox available in the Stable channel".
- ^ "Android Studio Bumblebee (2021.1.1) Stable".
- ^ "Android Studio Chipmunk". Android Developers Blog. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- ^ "Android Studio Dolphin". Android Developers Blog. Retrieved September 16, 2022.
- ^ "Android Studio Electric Eel". Android Developers Blog.
- ^ "Android Studio Flamingo". Android Developers Blog.
- ^ "Android Studio Giraffe". Android Developers Blog.
- ^ "Android Studio Hedgehog". Android Developers Blog.
- ^ "Android Studio Iguana". Android Developers Blog.
- ^ "Gemini in Android Studio and more: Android Studio Jellyfish is Stable!". Android Developers Blog. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
- ^ a b "Download Android Studio and SDK tools". Android Developers. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
- ^ "Emulator release notes". Android Developers. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
External links edit
- Official homepage at developer.android.com