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Andreas Reischek

January 01, 1970

Andreas Reischek (15 September 1845 – 3 April 1902) was an Austrian taxidermist, naturalist, ornithologist and grave robber notable for his extensive natural history collecting expeditions throughout New Zealand as well as being notorious for acts of grave robbing there. He added materially to the understanding of the biology and distribution of the New Zealand avifauna.[1]

Early years edit

Reischek was born in Linz, Austrian Empire. After attending school for a few years he worked as an apprentice to a baker and developed a strong interest in natural history, also becoming skilled in taxidermy. He saw war service in Tyrol in 1866 during the Third Italian War of Independence and also served as a gamekeeper and guide before working as a taxidermist in Vienna. He married Adelheid Hawlicek on 5 May 1875.[2][3]

New Zealand edit

 
Studio portrait of Andreas Reischek in expedition outfit, c. 1880

In 1877 Reischek was chosen by Ferdinand von Hochstetter to travel to New Zealand for two years to help set up displays at the Canterbury Museum in Christchurch, then under the directorship of Julius von Haast.[2]

Much of Reischek's early work in New Zealand centred on the museums in Christchurch, Auckland (where he was employed between 1880 and 1888)[4] and Whanganui but, after his initial two-year contract was completed, he made several extended collecting expeditions over the next ten years, covering most of New Zealand and its sub-Antarctic islands, collecting biological and ethnographical specimens, including Māori skulls and mummified cadavers robbed from burial sites. On his expeditions he was constantly accompanied by his dog "Caesar", who saved his life on more than one occasion.[3][5]

Reischek collected not only for museums and private collectors, but primarily for himself. His ornithological collecting has been subsequently criticised for such reckless actions as shooting 150 specimens of the rare stitchbird on Little Barrier Island at a time when it had become extinct everywhere else.[6] He was strong, physically fit and a good linguist, becoming fluent in both English and Māori.[2] In 1885 he was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London.[3]

Later years edit

When Reischek returned to Austria in 1889 he took with him a huge personal collection of over 14,000 items. Ornithological specimens alone numbered over 3000, including many of now extinct species such as the huia, and is one of the most complete in existence of New Zealand's birds. The collection was eventually bought by friends of Reischek and presented to the Imperial Natural History Museum in Vienna.[1]

Two years after his return his wife gave birth to a son, Andreas. In 1892 he was asked to superintend the establishment of the Francis-Caroline Museum in Linz, the town of his birth, where he died in 1902.[2] He is commemorated in the name of Reischek's parakeet, endemic to New Zealand's Antipodes Islands.

Repatriation of ancestral remains edit

In September 2022 the Natural History Museum in Vienna returned the remains of about 64 Māori and Moriori people, collected by Reischek, to Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa in Wellington, New Zealand.[7][8]

Bibliography edit

Reischek's book about his travels in New Zealand, "Yesterdays in Maoriland", was compiled posthumously by his son from his diaries. It was first published in German in 1924 and was not available in an English translation until 1930.

While in New Zealand Reischek published numerous articles on natural history in Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute (now the Royal Society of New Zealand):

  • 1881 – Notes on Zoological Researches made on the Chicken Islands, East Coast of the North Island. Vol.14, pp. 274–277.[9]
  • 1884 – Notes on New Zealand Ornithology. Vol.17, pp. 187–198.[10]
  • 1885 – Notes on New Zealand Ornithology: Observations on Pogonornis cincta (Dubus); Stitch-Bird (Tiora). Vol.18, pp. 84–87.[11]
  • 1885 – Notes on New Zealand Ornithology: Observations on Procellaria parkinsoni (Grey), Brown Petrel (Taiko). Vol.18, pp. 87–90.[12]
  • 1885 – Observations on Gould's Petrel (Hutton), Procellaria gouldi (Ohi), their Habits and Habitats. Vol.18, pp. 90–91.[13]
  • 1885 – Observations on Cook's Petrel (Grey), Procellaria cooki (Ti Ti), their Habits and Habitats. Vol.18, pp. 92–93.[14]
  • 1885 – Observations on Puffinus gavius (Forst.), Rain-bird, (Hakoakoa), their Habits and Habitats. Vol.18, 93–94.[15]
  • 1885 – Observations on Puffinus assimilis (Gould), Totorore, their Habits and Habitats. Vol.18, pp. 95–96.[16]
  • 1885 – Observations on the Habits of New Zealand Birds, their Usefulness or Destructiveness to the Country. Vol.18, pp. 96–104.[17]
  • 1885 – Notes on the Habits of some New Zealand Birds. Vol.18, pp. 105–107.[18]
  • 1885 – Observations on Sphenodon punctatum, Fringe-back Lizard (Tuatara). Vol.18, pp. 108–110.[19]
  • 1885 – Notes on the Habits of the Polecat, Ferret, Mongoose, Stoat, and Weasel. Vol.18, pp. 110–112.[20]
  • 1886 – Description of the Little Barrier or Hauturu Island, the Birds which inhabit it, and the Locality as a Protection to them. Vol.19, pp. 181–184.[21]
  • 1886 – Notes on Ornithology. Vol.19, pp. 184–188.[22]
  • 1886 – Ornithological Notes. Vol.19, pp. 188–193.[23]
  • 1887 – Notes on Rats. Vol.20, pp. 125–126.[24]
  • 1887 – Recent Explorations North of Chalky Sound, West Coast of Otago. Vol.20, p. 441.[25]
  • 1888 – Notes on the Islands to the South of New Zealand. Vol.21, pp. 378–389.[26]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Westerskov, K.E. (1990). "Andreas Reischek, 1845-1902". pp.191-193 in A Flying Start. Commemorating Fifty Years of the Ornithological Society of New Zealand, ed. B.J. Gill & B.D. Heather. Random Century: Auckland. ISBN 1-86941-080-7
  2. ^ a b c d Phillipps, William John. “REISCHEK, Andreas”, from An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, originally published in 1966. Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 18-Sep-2007.[1]
  3. ^ a b c Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: Andreas Reischek
  4. ^ "Auckland Museum News Number Eight" (PDF). Museum Quarterly. 8. Auckland: Auckland War Memorial Museum. December 1981. ISSN 0111-2252. Wikidata Q115749465.
  5. ^ Brookes, Walter. (1958). Austria and the Maori people. Te Ao Hou 24: 38-39.[2]
  6. ^ Wilson, Kerry-Jayne. (2004). Flight of the Huia. Canterbury University Press: Christchurch.
  7. ^ Chumko, André (2022-09-26). "Austria to return stolen Māori and Moriori ancestral remains". Stuff. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  8. ^ Fuller, Piers (2022-10-02). "After 77 years of negotiations, Māori and Moriori remains returned from Austria". Stuff. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
  9. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 1881. (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  10. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1884 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  11. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  12. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  13. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  14. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  15. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  16. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  17. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  18. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  19. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  20. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  21. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1886 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  22. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1886 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  23. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1886 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  24. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1887 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  25. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1887 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz
  26. ^ Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1888 (electronic resource) at rsnz.natlib.govt.nz

Further reading edit

  • King, Michael. (1981). The Collector. A biography of Andreas Reischek. Hodder & Stoughton: Auckland.
  • Reischek, A. (1930). Yesterdays in Maoriland: New Zealand in the ‘Eighties. Wilson & Horton: Auckland.

January 01, 1970
andreas, reischek, september, 1845, april, 1902, austrian, taxidermist, naturalist, ornithologist, grave, robber, notable, extensive, natural, history, collecting, expeditions, throughout, zealand, well, being, notorious, acts, grave, robbing, there, added, ma. Andreas Reischek 15 September 1845 3 April 1902 was an Austrian taxidermist naturalist ornithologist and grave robber notable for his extensive natural history collecting expeditions throughout New Zealand as well as being notorious for acts of grave robbing there He added materially to the understanding of the biology and distribution of the New Zealand avifauna 1 Contents 1 Early years 2 New Zealand 3 Later years 4 Repatriation of ancestral remains 5 Bibliography 6 References 7 Further readingEarly years editReischek was born in Linz Austrian Empire After attending school for a few years he worked as an apprentice to a baker and developed a strong interest in natural history also becoming skilled in taxidermy He saw war service in Tyrol in 1866 during the Third Italian War of Independence and also served as a gamekeeper and guide before working as a taxidermist in Vienna He married Adelheid Hawlicek on 5 May 1875 2 3 New Zealand edit nbsp Studio portrait of Andreas Reischek in expedition outfit c 1880 In 1877 Reischek was chosen by Ferdinand von Hochstetter to travel to New Zealand for two years to help set up displays at the Canterbury Museum in Christchurch then under the directorship of Julius von Haast 2 Much of Reischek s early work in New Zealand centred on the museums in Christchurch Auckland where he was employed between 1880 and 1888 4 and Whanganui but after his initial two year contract was completed he made several extended collecting expeditions over the next ten years covering most of New Zealand and its sub Antarctic islands collecting biological and ethnographical specimens including Maori skulls and mummified cadavers robbed from burial sites On his expeditions he was constantly accompanied by his dog Caesar who saved his life on more than one occasion 3 5 Reischek collected not only for museums and private collectors but primarily for himself His ornithological collecting has been subsequently criticised for such reckless actions as shooting 150 specimens of the rare stitchbird on Little Barrier Island at a time when it had become extinct everywhere else 6 He was strong physically fit and a good linguist becoming fluent in both English and Maori 2 In 1885 he was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London 3 Later years editWhen Reischek returned to Austria in 1889 he took with him a huge personal collection of over 14 000 items Ornithological specimens alone numbered over 3000 including many of now extinct species such as the huia and is one of the most complete in existence of New Zealand s birds The collection was eventually bought by friends of Reischek and presented to the Imperial Natural History Museum in Vienna 1 Two years after his return his wife gave birth to a son Andreas In 1892 he was asked to superintend the establishment of the Francis Caroline Museum in Linz the town of his birth where he died in 1902 2 He is commemorated in the name of Reischek s parakeet endemic to New Zealand s Antipodes Islands Repatriation of ancestral remains editIn September 2022 the Natural History Museum in Vienna returned the remains of about 64 Maori and Moriori people collected by Reischek to Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa in Wellington New Zealand 7 8 Bibliography editReischek s book about his travels in New Zealand Yesterdays in Maoriland was compiled posthumously by his son from his diaries It was first published in German in 1924 and was not available in an English translation until 1930 While in New Zealand Reischek published numerous articles on natural history in Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute now the Royal Society of New Zealand 1881 Notes on Zoological Researches made on the Chicken Islands East Coast of the North Island Vol 14 pp 274 277 9 1884 Notes on New Zealand Ornithology Vol 17 pp 187 198 10 1885 Notes on New Zealand Ornithology Observations on Pogonornis cincta Dubus Stitch Bird Tiora Vol 18 pp 84 87 11 1885 Notes on New Zealand Ornithology Observations on Procellaria parkinsoni Grey Brown Petrel Taiko Vol 18 pp 87 90 12 1885 Observations on Gould s Petrel Hutton Procellaria gouldi Ohi their Habits and Habitats Vol 18 pp 90 91 13 1885 Observations on Cook s Petrel Grey Procellaria cooki Ti Ti their Habits and Habitats Vol 18 pp 92 93 14 1885 Observations on Puffinus gavius Forst Rain bird Hakoakoa their Habits and Habitats Vol 18 93 94 15 1885 Observations on Puffinus assimilis Gould Totorore their Habits and Habitats Vol 18 pp 95 96 16 1885 Observations on the Habits of New Zealand Birds their Usefulness or Destructiveness to the Country Vol 18 pp 96 104 17 1885 Notes on the Habits of some New Zealand Birds Vol 18 pp 105 107 18 1885 Observations on Sphenodon punctatum Fringe back Lizard Tuatara Vol 18 pp 108 110 19 1885 Notes on the Habits of the Polecat Ferret Mongoose Stoat and Weasel Vol 18 pp 110 112 20 1886 Description of the Little Barrier or Hauturu Island the Birds which inhabit it and the Locality as a Protection to them Vol 19 pp 181 184 21 1886 Notes on Ornithology Vol 19 pp 184 188 22 1886 Ornithological Notes Vol 19 pp 188 193 23 1887 Notes on Rats Vol 20 pp 125 126 24 1887 Recent Explorations North of Chalky Sound West Coast of Otago Vol 20 p 441 25 1888 Notes on the Islands to the South of New Zealand Vol 21 pp 378 389 26 References edit a b Westerskov K E 1990 Andreas Reischek 1845 1902 pp 191 193 in A Flying Start Commemorating Fifty Years of the Ornithological Society of New Zealand ed B J Gill amp B D Heather Random Century Auckland ISBN 1 86941 080 7 a b c d Phillipps William John REISCHEK Andreas from An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand edited by A H McLintock originally published in 1966 Te Ara The Encyclopedia of New Zealand updated 18 Sep 2007 1 a b c Dictionary of New Zealand Biography Andreas Reischek Auckland Museum News Number Eight PDF Museum Quarterly 8 Auckland Auckland War Memorial Museum December 1981 ISSN 0111 2252 Wikidata Q115749465 Brookes Walter 1958 Austria and the Maori people Te Ao Hou 24 38 39 2 Wilson Kerry Jayne 2004 Flight of the Huia Canterbury University Press Christchurch Chumko Andre 2022 09 26 Austria to return stolen Maori and Moriori ancestral remains Stuff Retrieved 2022 09 28 Fuller Piers 2022 10 02 After 77 years of negotiations Maori and Moriori remains returned from Austria Stuff Retrieved 2022 10 02 Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1881 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1884 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1885 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1886 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1886 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1886 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1887 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1887 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nz Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 1888 electronic resource at rsnz natlib govt nzFurther reading editKing Michael 1981 The Collector A biography of Andreas Reischek Hodder amp Stoughton Auckland Reischek A 1930 Yesterdays in Maoriland New Zealand in the Eighties Wilson amp Horton Auckland Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Andreas Reischek amp oldid 1215181167, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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