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Ali Douagi

April 08, 2024

Ali Douagi or Ali ed-Du'aji (Tunisian Arabic: علي الدوعاجي; January 4, 1909 – May 27, 1949) was a Tunisian literary and cultural icon who is considered to be one of the pioneers of modern Tunisian literature. He is best remembered as "the father of the modern Tunisian short story".[1][2] Douagi was also known for his versatility as a sketch artist, songwriter, playwright, and journalist.[3]

Ali Douagi
علي الدوعاجي
Born(1909-01-04)January 4, 1909
Tunis, Tunisia
DiedMay 27, 1949(1949-05-27) (aged 40)
Tunis, Tunisia
Occupations
  • sketch artist
  • songwriter
  • playwright
  • journalist

Biography edit

Douagi was born to a wealthy family of Turkish origin in the city of Tunis in 1909.[1][2] His father, el-Hajj Muhammad ed-Du'aji who was a wealthy merchant and landowner, died when Douagi was four years old; he bequeathed to his wife and children a sizeable trust fund from which the family was able to live comfortably. His mother, Nuzhat Bint Shaqshuq, gave birth to three daughters and two sons, Douagi being the only survivor of the two sons. Thus, growing up without his father and being the only son, in part, explains why his works had come to be heavily populated by women characters.[1] Douagi received his primary education in a neighbourhood school where he learned both French and Arabic. Upon completing his primary education, Douagi enrolled in a local Quran school (kuttab) but soon discovered that this did not fulfill his interests.[1] His mother encouraged him to pursue a career in business, and for a brief period he worked as an apprentice for a local successful merchant.[3] However, Douagi decided to embark upon a project to educate himself by reading French literature and culture. When he made the acquaintance of Ali el-Jandubi, a prominent literary scholar, he discovered the medieval and modern Arabic history, literature and cultural studies.[3]

When the colonial governments eased upon censorship in journalism in 1936, Douagi started up his own periodical, "es-Surur", though it only lasted a mere six weeks due to his lack of discipline.[3] Nonetheless, Douagi came to be associated with a group of artists and intellectuals, known as the "Jma’a teht es-sur" ("The Beneath-the-Wall Group"), who congregated nightly in the cafes of the Bab Souika neighbourhood of the old madina in Tunisia to exchange ideas and argue politics. The group were committed to creating a modern Tunisian literature and culture that would denounce European colonialism and the cause of social justice and economic and social equality.[3] Douagi was also experimental and especially known for his versatility as a sketch artist, songwriter, playwright, and short story writer.[3]

His Turkish roots and his mastery of the French language, as well as his bourgeois background and financial security, all played a part in crafting a vision of himself and his work.[4] Douagi often depicted and fantasised romanticised strokes of eastern-western encounters. Hence, his stories depicted a peaceful coexistence in which differing cultures and religions coexist; this philosophical stance regarding east–west encounters dominated from his earliest writings.[4] A prominent figure that strongly influenced Douagi was Mahmud el-Bayram et-Tunsi (1893–1961);.[5] the personal and professional relationship between them was one that embraced a vast spectrum of contemporary politics, arts, and ideological currents that electrified the cultural scene in Tunisia during the 1930s. They shared a passion for journalism, for the freedom of the press to lash out at social injustices, religious hypocrisy, and economic inequalities.[5]

Douagi's most lasting contribution to Tunisian literature, as well as pan-Arabic literature, are his short stories that were collated and published in 1969, twenty years after his death, into a single anthology entitled "Shirtu minhu el-lyeli" ("Sleepless Nights, 2000").[6] On May 27, 1949, Douagi died of tuberculosis.[7] According to many accounts, he was abandoned by many of his friends and harboured bitter disappointment for not being recognised for his work.[7] However, on the tenth anniversary of his death, Zin el-Abidin es-Sanusi published an article entitle "Ed-Du’aji’s Legacy" which resurrected critical inquiry and public interest in his work. Al-Sanusi reported that Douagi had written in his 163 radio sketches, and that his heirs discovered 60 more among his affects. He also wrote 15 plays and composed nearly 500 songs and poems.[8]

The Ali Douagi Prize (Prix Ali Douagi) for a novel is awarded at the Tunis International Book Festival (Foire internationale du Livre de Tunis).[9][10] The Derja Association also awards an Ali Douagi Prize for the best work written in Tunisian Arabic ("derja"), in reference to Ali Douagi's use of vernacular in his plays and the dialogues of his short stories.[11] This has caused confusion and some have criticized the Derja Association for choosing the same name as the more prominent prize.[12]

Selected works edit

  • Shirtu minhu el-lyeli (Sleepless Nights)
  • Jeri (My neighbour)
  • Maotou El Am Békhir (The death of the Uncle Bekhir)
  • Nozha Raïka (Luxurious walk)
  • Omm Hawwa (Eve's Mother)

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Granara 2010, 79.
  2. ^ a b Toute la Tunisie. "Ali Douagi". Archived from the original on 2012-07-17. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Granara 2010, 80.
  4. ^ a b Granara 2010, 81.
  5. ^ a b Granara 2010, 83.
  6. ^ Granara 2010, 84.
  7. ^ a b Granara 2010, 85.
  8. ^ Granara 2010, 86.
  9. ^ "Conférence de presse de la 35e édition de la Foire internationale du Livre de Tunis". Misk. 27 March 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  10. ^ . Cité de la culture. Archived from the original on 21 February 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  11. ^ "الكولوك" [Annual Colloquium]. Derja Association. from the original on 2020-06-25. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
  12. ^ خلف الله, نجم الدين (2021-03-11). "في الاستيلاء على الدوعاجي.. تنويع تونسيّ على سجال الفصحى والعامّية" [Co-opting Ali Douagi: Tunisia rehashes the Standard–Vernacular debate]. Al-Arabi Al-Jadid العربي الجديد.

Bibliography edit

  • Granara, William (2010), "Ali al-Du'aji (1909-1949)", in Allen, Roger (ed.), Essays in Arabic Literary Biography: 1850-1950, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, ISBN 978-3447061414.
  • Giuliano Mion, Notti in bianco سهرت منه الليالي, Ulrico Hoepli, Milan, 2012, ISBN 9788820351212

April 08, 2024
douagi, tunisian, arabic, علي, الدوعاجي, january, 1909, 1949, tunisian, literary, cultural, icon, considered, pioneers, modern, tunisian, literature, best, remembered, father, modern, tunisian, short, story, douagi, also, known, versatility, sketch, artist, so. Ali Douagi or Ali ed Du aji Tunisian Arabic علي الدوعاجي January 4 1909 May 27 1949 was a Tunisian literary and cultural icon who is considered to be one of the pioneers of modern Tunisian literature He is best remembered as the father of the modern Tunisian short story 1 2 Douagi was also known for his versatility as a sketch artist songwriter playwright and journalist 3 Ali Douagiعلي الدوعاجيBorn 1909 01 04 January 4 1909Tunis TunisiaDiedMay 27 1949 1949 05 27 aged 40 Tunis TunisiaOccupationssketch artist songwriter playwright journalist Contents 1 Biography 2 Selected works 3 References 4 BibliographyBiography editDouagi was born to a wealthy family of Turkish origin in the city of Tunis in 1909 1 2 His father el Hajj Muhammad ed Du aji who was a wealthy merchant and landowner died when Douagi was four years old he bequeathed to his wife and children a sizeable trust fund from which the family was able to live comfortably His mother Nuzhat Bint Shaqshuq gave birth to three daughters and two sons Douagi being the only survivor of the two sons Thus growing up without his father and being the only son in part explains why his works had come to be heavily populated by women characters 1 Douagi received his primary education in a neighbourhood school where he learned both French and Arabic Upon completing his primary education Douagi enrolled in a local Quran school kuttab but soon discovered that this did not fulfill his interests 1 His mother encouraged him to pursue a career in business and for a brief period he worked as an apprentice for a local successful merchant 3 However Douagi decided to embark upon a project to educate himself by reading French literature and culture When he made the acquaintance of Ali el Jandubi a prominent literary scholar he discovered the medieval and modern Arabic history literature and cultural studies 3 When the colonial governments eased upon censorship in journalism in 1936 Douagi started up his own periodical es Surur though it only lasted a mere six weeks due to his lack of discipline 3 Nonetheless Douagi came to be associated with a group of artists and intellectuals known as the Jma a teht es sur The Beneath the Wall Group who congregated nightly in the cafes of the Bab Souika neighbourhood of the old madina in Tunisia to exchange ideas and argue politics The group were committed to creating a modern Tunisian literature and culture that would denounce European colonialism and the cause of social justice and economic and social equality 3 Douagi was also experimental and especially known for his versatility as a sketch artist songwriter playwright and short story writer 3 His Turkish roots and his mastery of the French language as well as his bourgeois background and financial security all played a part in crafting a vision of himself and his work 4 Douagi often depicted and fantasised romanticised strokes of eastern western encounters Hence his stories depicted a peaceful coexistence in which differing cultures and religions coexist this philosophical stance regarding east west encounters dominated from his earliest writings 4 A prominent figure that strongly influenced Douagi was Mahmud el Bayram et Tunsi 1893 1961 5 the personal and professional relationship between them was one that embraced a vast spectrum of contemporary politics arts and ideological currents that electrified the cultural scene in Tunisia during the 1930s They shared a passion for journalism for the freedom of the press to lash out at social injustices religious hypocrisy and economic inequalities 5 Douagi s most lasting contribution to Tunisian literature as well as pan Arabic literature are his short stories that were collated and published in 1969 twenty years after his death into a single anthology entitled Shirtu minhu el lyeli Sleepless Nights 2000 6 On May 27 1949 Douagi died of tuberculosis 7 According to many accounts he was abandoned by many of his friends and harboured bitter disappointment for not being recognised for his work 7 However on the tenth anniversary of his death Zin el Abidin es Sanusi published an article entitle Ed Du aji s Legacy which resurrected critical inquiry and public interest in his work Al Sanusi reported that Douagi had written in his 163 radio sketches and that his heirs discovered 60 more among his affects He also wrote 15 plays and composed nearly 500 songs and poems 8 The Ali Douagi Prize Prix Ali Douagi for a novel is awarded at the Tunis International Book Festival Foire internationale du Livre de Tunis 9 10 The Derja Association also awards an Ali Douagi Prize for the best work written in Tunisian Arabic derja in reference to Ali Douagi s use of vernacular in his plays and the dialogues of his short stories 11 This has caused confusion and some have criticized the Derja Association for choosing the same name as the more prominent prize 12 Selected works editShirtu minhu el lyeli Sleepless Nights Jeri My neighbour Maotou El Am Bekhir The death of the Uncle Bekhir Nozha Raika Luxurious walk Omm Hawwa Eve s Mother References edit a b c d Granara 2010 79 a b Toute la Tunisie Ali Douagi Archived from the original on 2012 07 17 Retrieved 2012 04 17 a b c d e f Granara 2010 80 a b Granara 2010 81 a b Granara 2010 83 Granara 2010 84 a b Granara 2010 85 Granara 2010 86 Conference de presse de la 35e edition de la Foire internationale du Livre de Tunis Misk 27 March 2019 Retrieved 16 March 2021 Foire Internationale du Livre de Tunis Cite de la culture Archived from the original on 21 February 2020 Retrieved 16 March 2021 الكولوك Annual Colloquium Derja Association Archived from the original on 2020 06 25 Retrieved 2021 03 16 خلف الله نجم الدين 2021 03 11 في الاستيلاء على الدوعاجي تنويع تونسي على سجال الفصحى والعام ية Co opting Ali Douagi Tunisia rehashes the Standard Vernacular debate Al Arabi Al Jadid العربي الجديد Bibliography editGranara William 2010 Ali al Du aji 1909 1949 in Allen Roger ed Essays in Arabic Literary Biography 1850 1950 Otto Harrassowitz Verlag ISBN 978 3447061414 Giuliano Mion Notti in bianco سهرت منه الليالي Ulrico Hoepli Milan 2012 ISBN 9788820351212 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ali Douagi amp oldid 1197908353, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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