First joining the Kuomintang (KMT) during the early 1920s, Wei would rise to become general after the Northern Expedition, a two-year campaign to unify China.
After the fourth and fifth encirclement campaigns forced the main Communist forces to withdraw from the Eyuwan Soviet area, the Nationalists began a series of extermination campaigns against the remaining Communist guerrillas.[1] The Communists had strong peasant support in this region and were able to hold out against repeated attempts to wipe them out.[2][3] In 1934, Chiang Kai-shek gave Wei Lihuang several hundred thousand troops to accomplish this task. Wei made use of concentration camps to deprive the Communists of peasant support.[4] Despite occasional victories, the Communists were in the main defeated by this strategy. Most of the remaining guerrillas abandoned open warfare and began to operate undercover amongst the peasants. Until the Second United Front began in 1937, the Communists in Eyuwan remained underground.[5] His success would earn him the nickname "Hundred Victories Wei".[citation needed]
War with Japanedit
General Wei Lihuang and Lieutenant General Sun Liren at the Burmese-Chinese border, 1945
A general during the Second Sino-Japanese War, Wei commanded the First War Area. With the entry of Great Britain and later the United States in the war against Japan, he was transferred to southern China as commander of the Nationalist Chinese XI Group Army. He later replaced General Chen Cheng as commander of the Chinese Expeditionary Forces, known as Y Force. Y-Force consisted of over 100,000 Nationalist soldiers, and participated in major ground operations in support of American General Joseph W. Stilwell's offensive in northern Burma. Unlike many of his contemporaries, Wei was able to work effectively with American commanders.
Beginning his offensive into southern Yunnan on 11 May 1944, Wei's troops captured Tengchung on 15 September after two months of heavy fighting. Proceeding southward despite heavy resistance, his forces eventually linked up with Chinese divisions in Wanting, Burma on January 27, 1945. The success of this offensive allowed the Allies to reopen the former Burma Road supply network to China through Ledo, Burma, now named the Ledo Road. In concert with existing airlift operations over The Hump, the Ledo Road enabled overland transport of military supplies from Assam to Nationalist bases in China.
Recalled to northern China to again replace General Chen Cheng following the war, Wei was placed in command of KMT forces in northeast China in October 1947. After being cut off from land communication with the KMT with the communist capture of Chinchow (Jinzhou 锦州, Liaoning), he was supposedly planning for an offensive to recapture the Nationalist provincial capital before he was ordered to withdraw by Chiang Kai-shek. Shortly before the communist capture of Mukden (Shenyang), Wei would return to southern China following his replacement by his field commander Du Yuming in October 1948.
In spite of Wei's earlier success, his tenure in the northeast was remarkably unsuccessful. He defied orders for more than a year to withdraw, and lost 300,000 troops. Taylor (2009) writes that "Of those, 246,000 were captured, and many if not most were quickly incorporated into the PLA" (p. 389).
Chiang ordered Wei's house arrest. Wei made his way to Hong Kong in 1949, and moved to Beijing in 1955, where he would "participate in various organizations of the People's Republic" (Taylor, 2009, p. 389). He would live in the PRC until his death in 1960.
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April 09, 2024
lihuang, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, february, 2018, learn, when, remove. This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations February 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message In this Chinese name the family name is Wei Wei Lihuang traditional Chinese 衛立煌 simplified Chinese 卫立煌 pinyin Wei Lihuang 16 February 1897 17 January 1960 was a Chinese general who served the Nationalist government throughout the Chinese Civil War and Second Sino Japanese War as one of China s most successful military commanders Wei LihuangNative name衛立煌Nickname s Hundred Victories Wei Born16 February 1897Hefei Anhui Qing EmpireDied17 January 1960 1960 01 17 aged 62 Beijing People s Republic of ChinaAllegiance Republic of China People s Republic of ChinaService wbr branch Republic of China ArmyYears of service1924 1948RankGeneralUnit14th corpsCommands heldY ForceBattles warsNorthern Expedition Encirclement Campaigns Central Plains War Fujian Incident Second Sino Japanese War Battle of Taiyuan Battle of Xinkou Battle of South Shanxi Battle of Northern Burma and Western Yunnan Chinese Civil War Liaoshen CampaignAwardsOrder of Blue Sky and White SunOther workpoliticianFirst joining the Kuomintang KMT during the early 1920s Wei would rise to become general after the Northern Expedition a two year campaign to unify China Contents 1 Chinese Civil War 2 War with Japan 3 Postwar career 4 References 5 BibliographyChinese Civil War editAfter the fourth and fifth encirclement campaigns forced the main Communist forces to withdraw from the Eyuwan Soviet area the Nationalists began a series of extermination campaigns against the remaining Communist guerrillas 1 The Communists had strong peasant support in this region and were able to hold out against repeated attempts to wipe them out 2 3 In 1934 Chiang Kai shek gave Wei Lihuang several hundred thousand troops to accomplish this task Wei made use of concentration camps to deprive the Communists of peasant support 4 Despite occasional victories the Communists were in the main defeated by this strategy Most of the remaining guerrillas abandoned open warfare and began to operate undercover amongst the peasants Until the Second United Front began in 1937 the Communists in Eyuwan remained underground 5 His success would earn him the nickname Hundred Victories Wei citation needed War with Japan edit nbsp General Wei Lihuang and Lieutenant General Sun Liren at the Burmese Chinese border 1945A general during the Second Sino Japanese War Wei commanded the First War Area With the entry of Great Britain and later the United States in the war against Japan he was transferred to southern China as commander of the Nationalist Chinese XI Group Army He later replaced General Chen Cheng as commander of the Chinese Expeditionary Forces known as Y Force Y Force consisted of over 100 000 Nationalist soldiers and participated in major ground operations in support of American General Joseph W Stilwell s offensive in northern Burma Unlike many of his contemporaries Wei was able to work effectively with American commanders nbsp General Wei Lihuang right and General Long Yun left inspecting troops of the Chinese Expeditionary Force March 1944Beginning his offensive into southern Yunnan on 11 May 1944 Wei s troops captured Tengchung on 15 September after two months of heavy fighting Proceeding southward despite heavy resistance his forces eventually linked up with Chinese divisions in Wanting Burma on January 27 1945 The success of this offensive allowed the Allies to reopen the former Burma Road supply network to China through Ledo Burma now named the Ledo Road In concert with existing airlift operations over The Hump the Ledo Road enabled overland transport of military supplies from Assam to Nationalist bases in China Postwar career edit nbsp President of China Chiang Kai Shek left with Wei LihuangRecalled to northern China to again replace General Chen Cheng following the war Wei was placed in command of KMT forces in northeast China in October 1947 After being cut off from land communication with the KMT with the communist capture of Chinchow Jinzhou 锦州 Liaoning he was supposedly planning for an offensive to recapture the Nationalist provincial capital before he was ordered to withdraw by Chiang Kai shek Shortly before the communist capture of Mukden Shenyang Wei would return to southern China following his replacement by his field commander Du Yuming in October 1948 In spite of Wei s earlier success his tenure in the northeast was remarkably unsuccessful He defied orders for more than a year to withdraw and lost 300 000 troops Taylor 2009 writes that Of those 246 000 were captured and many if not most were quickly incorporated into the PLA p 389 Chiang ordered Wei s house arrest Wei made his way to Hong Kong in 1949 and moved to Beijing in 1955 where he would participate in various organizations of the People s Republic Taylor 2009 p 389 He would live in the PRC until his death in 1960 References edit Benton 1992 p 319 Rowe 2007 p 318 Benton 1992 pp 324 327 Benton 1992 pp 327 328 Benton 1992 pp 328 330 Bibliography editDupuy Trevor N Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography New York 1992 http www generals dk general Qiu Qing quan China html Ministry of National Defense R O C 1 US Naval War College Archived 2006 10 25 at the Wayback Machine Taylor Jay The Generalissimo Chiang Kai Shek and the Struggle for Modern China New York 2009 http cgsc leavenworth army mil carl download csipubs bjorge huai pdf Rowe William T 2007 Crimson Rain Seven Centuries of Violence in a Chinese County Stanford California Stanford University Press Benton Gregor 1992 Mountain Fires The Red Army s Three year War in South China 1934 1938 Los Angeles University of California Press Archived 2009 03 26 at the Wayback Machine nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wei Lihuang Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wei Lihuang amp oldid 1194368690, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
