Alfentanil (R-39209, trade name Alfenta, Rapifen in Australia) is a potent but short-acting synthetic opioidanalgesicdrug, used for anaesthesia in surgery. It is an analogue of fentanyl with around one-fourth to one-tenth the potency, one-third the duration of action, and an onset of action four times faster than that of fentanyl.[3] Alfentanil has a pKa of approximately 6.5, which leads to a very high proportion of the drug being uncharged at physiologic pH, a characteristic responsible for its rapid onset. It is an agonist at mu opioid receptors.
While alfentanil tends to cause fewer cardiovascular complications than other similar drugs such as fentanyl and remifentanil, it tends to give stronger respiratory depression and so requires careful monitoring of breathing and vital signs. Almost exclusively used by anesthesia providers during portions of a case where quick, fast-acting (though not long-lasting) pain control is needed (as, for example, during nerve blocks), alfentanil is administered by the parenteral (injected) route for fast onset and precise control of dosage.
Side effects of fentanyl analogs are similar to those of fentanyl itself and include itching, nausea and potentially life-threatening respiratory depression. Fentanyl analogs have killed hundreds of people throughout Europe and the former Soviet republics since the most recent resurgence in use began in Estonia in the early 2000s, and novel derivatives continue to appear.[5]
Referencesedit
^Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
^Shaw, Leslie M. (2001). The clinical toxicology laboratory : contemporary practice of poisoning evaluation. Washington, DC: AACC Press. p. 89. ISBN9781890883539.
^Jacob Mathew, J. Kendall Killgore. Methods for the synthesis of alfentanil, sufentanil, and remifentanil. US Patent 7,208,604
^. Archived from the original on 2007-02-02. Retrieved 2007-01-23.
^Mounteney J, Giraudon I, Denissov G, Griffiths P (July 2015). "Fentanyls: Are we missing the signs? Highly potent and on the rise in Europe". The International Journal of Drug Policy. 26 (7): 626–631. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.04.003. PMID 25976511.
alfentanil, 39209, trade, name, alfenta, rapifen, australia, potent, short, acting, synthetic, opioid, analgesic, drug, used, anaesthesia, surgery, analogue, fentanyl, with, around, fourth, tenth, potency, third, duration, action, onset, action, four, times, f. Alfentanil R 39209 trade name Alfenta Rapifen in Australia is a potent but short acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug used for anaesthesia in surgery It is an analogue of fentanyl with around one fourth to one tenth the potency one third the duration of action and an onset of action four times faster than that of fentanyl 3 Alfentanil has a pKa of approximately 6 5 which leads to a very high proportion of the drug being uncharged at physiologic pH a characteristic responsible for its rapid onset It is an agonist at mu opioid receptors AlfentanilClinical dataTrade namesAlfentaAHFS Drugs comMicromedex Detailed Consumer InformationMedlinePlusa601130Routes ofadministrationIntravenous SubcutaneousATC codeN01AH02 WHO Legal statusLegal statusAU S8 Controlled drug BR Class A1 Narcotic drugs 1 CA Schedule I DE Anlage III Special prescription form required UK Class A US Schedule IIPharmacokinetic dataBioavailability 50 Protein binding92 MetabolismHepaticElimination half life90 111 minutesDuration of action15 min 2 IdentifiersIUPAC name N 1 2 4 ethyl 5 oxo 4 5 dihydro 1H 1 2 3 4 tetrazol 1 yl ethyl 4 methoxymethyl piperidin 4 yl N phenylpropanamideCAS Number71195 58 9 YPubChem CID51263IUPHAR BPS7108DrugBankDB00802 YChemSpider46451 YUNII1N74HM2BS7KEGGD07122 YChEBICHEBI 2569 YChEMBLChEMBL634 YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID9022570ECHA InfoCard100 295 336Chemical and physical dataFormulaC 21H 32N 6O 3Molar mass416 526 g mol 13D model JSmol Interactive imageMelting point140 8 C 285 4 F SMILES O C1N N N N1CC CCN3CCC N c2ccccc2 C O CC CC3 COCInChI InChI 1S C21H32N6O3 c1 4 19 28 27 18 9 7 6 8 10 18 21 17 30 3 11 13 24 14 12 21 15 16 26 20 29 25 5 2 22 23 26 h6 10H 4 5 11 17H2 1 3H3 YKey IDBPHNDTYPBSNI UHFFFAOYSA N Y verify While alfentanil tends to cause fewer cardiovascular complications than other similar drugs such as fentanyl and remifentanil it tends to give stronger respiratory depression and so requires careful monitoring of breathing and vital signs Almost exclusively used by anesthesia providers during portions of a case where quick fast acting though not long lasting pain control is needed as for example during nerve blocks alfentanil is administered by the parenteral injected route for fast onset and precise control of dosage Discovered at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1976 alfentanil is classified as a Schedule II drug in the United States 4 Side effects of fentanyl analogs are similar to those of fentanyl itself and include itching nausea and potentially life threatening respiratory depression Fentanyl analogs have killed hundreds of people throughout Europe and the former Soviet republics since the most recent resurgence in use began in Estonia in the early 2000s and novel derivatives continue to appear 5 References edit Anvisa 2023 03 31 RDC Nº 784 Listas de Substancias Entorpecentes Psicotropicas Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial Collegiate Board Resolution No 784 Lists of Narcotic Psychotropic Precursor and Other Substances under Special Control in Brazilian Portuguese Diario Oficial da Uniao published 2023 04 04 Archived from the original on 2023 08 03 Retrieved 2023 08 16 Shaw Leslie M 2001 The clinical toxicology laboratory contemporary practice of poisoning evaluation Washington DC AACC Press p 89 ISBN 9781890883539 Jacob Mathew J Kendall Killgore Methods for the synthesis of alfentanil sufentanil and remifentanil US Patent 7 208 604 From DEA website accessed 23 Jan 2007 Archived from the original on 2007 02 02 Retrieved 2007 01 23 Mounteney J Giraudon I Denissov G Griffiths P July 2015 Fentanyls Are we missing the signs Highly potent and on the rise in Europe The International Journal of Drug Policy 26 7 626 631 doi 10 1016 j drugpo 2015 04 003 PMID 25976511 External links editMedline Plus Patient Information 09 01 2010 https www fda gov Drugs DevelopmentApprovalProcess DevelopmentResources DrugInteractionsLabeling ucm093664 htm February 2017 Genf interaction table https www hug ch sites interhug files structures pharmacologie et toxicologie cliniques carte cytochromes 2016 final pdf February 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alfentanil amp oldid 1181416308, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
