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Alexander Roslin

August 21, 2023

Alexander Roslin (spelled Alexandre in French, pronounced [alɛksɑ̃dʁ ʁɔslɛ̃]; 15 July 1718 – 5 July 1793) was a Swedish portrait painter who worked in Scania, Bayreuth, Paris, Italy, Warsaw and St. Petersburg, primarily for members of aristocratic families. He combined insightful psychological portrayal with a skillful representation of fabrics and jewels.[1][2]

Alexander Roslin
Self Portrait while Painting the King of Sweden 1785
Born(1718-07-15)15 July 1718
Malmö, Sweden
Died5 July 1793(1793-07-05) (aged 74)
Paris, France
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1759)​
Signature

His style combined Classicist tendencies with the lustrous, shimmering colours of Rococo, a jocular, elegant and ornate style. He lived in France from 1752 until 1793, a period that spanned most of his career.[3] The painting by Roslin depicting Jeanne Sophie de Vignerot du Plessis, Countess of Egmont Pignatelli, was bought by the Minneapolis Institute of Art in 2006 for US$3 million.[4][5]

Life

 
Double portrait of Roslin and his wife, 1767
 
A portrait of Roslin's wife, Marie Suzanne Giroust-Roslin, 1770

Alexander Roslin was born on 15 July 1718, in Malmö, Sweden, the son of naval physician Hans Roslin and Catherine Wertmüller. After showing an unusual talent for drawing and painting, he trained in drawing at Karlskrona under Admiralty Captain Lars Ehrenbill[6] (1697–1747) in order to become a naval draughtsman, and then began to paint miniatures.[7] Stockholm had become an intellectual and artistic center since Queen Christina had established connections with Paris, and Alexander Roslin moved there.[8] At the age of sixteen he became apprenticed to the court painter Georg Engelhard Schröder in Stockholm, studying painting there until 1741 and beginning to paint large portraits in oils.[7] Schröder was influenced by Hyacinthe Rigaud and Nicolas de Largillière.[9] In 1741, Roslin settled in Gothenburg, and the following year moved to Scania, where he remained until 1745 painting portraits[7] and also creating religious paintings for the church at Hasslöv.[9]

In 1745, Roslin left Sweden for Bayreuth, where he had been invited to work for Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.[10] In 1747, he moved to Italy to study the works of the great masters. While in Italy he portrayed, among others, the family of Philip, Duke of Parma in 1752. In the same year Roslin moved to Paris, at the age of 34, where he settled for the rest of his life.[7][11] Here, in 1759, he married the pastel painter Marie-Suzanne Giroust (1734–1772).[12] The couple had three sons and three daughters.[11] In 1768 Roslin painted her dressed in Bolognese fashion, Lady with Veil, a portrait that the art critic, writer and philosopher Denis Diderot judged "très piquante".[13][14] In 1767 he painted a double portrait of them both; she is depicted working in pastels on a portrait of Henrik Wilhelm Peill, while Roslin points at a gold box he received from Peill as a present.[15] The frame of the painting is inscribed Loin et près (Far away and yet close), showing that the portrait was a token of friendship.[15] This painting was purchased by the Swedish National Museum in 2013.[16]

Career

In Paris he was a protégé of François Boucher and his work rapidly became fashionable.[17] He was chosen as a member of the French Art Academy,[14] to which his wife also belonged.[7] His early portraits are painted in bright, cool colours, and show the influence of Jean-Marc Nattier and Hyacinthe Rigaud.[18][19] Around the 1760s he started using daring colouring in his paintings, such as in the portrait of his wife, Lady with Veil (1768), and the Jennings Family (1769).[13]

Roslin had great technical skill in painting the surfaces and texture of precious materials such as fabrics and jewels, but was also adept at capturing his sitters at their best.[11][14] In Paris he soon became one of the foremost portraitists of his time, valued mostly for practiced rendering of luxurious fabrics and gentle complexions: "Satin, skin? Go to Roslin."[12] His portraits of members of the French aristocracy show sensitivity and taste[20] and also psychological insight,[1] although changes in taste might make his faces seem "stiff and lifeless" to some observers today.[10] In 1765 he scored a significant triumph when his portrait of Louis, Duke of La Rochefoucauld and his family, painted in competition with Jean-Baptiste Greuze, was awarded the prize. He also painted several portraits of members of the French royal family and foreign princes, including the Swedish king Gustav III and his brothers.[7] In the second half of the 18th century, having one's portrait painted by Roslin was the highpoint of public esteem.[11] In 1771 Roslin, although a foreigner (often called Roslin le suédois, "Roslin the Swede"[11]), was awarded a pension and a free apartment in the Louvre.[7] The following year he was awarded the Royal Order of Vasa by his native country, after which he was also called Roslin le Chevalier ("Roslin the knight").[11]

He was often surrounded by Swedish visitors to Paris, such as Peill. He was also a good friend of the influential Swedish politician Count Carl Gustaf Tessin.[11] After his wife's death, during the years 1774–75, Roslin visited Sweden, where he had been elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts, oddly enough as a foreign honorary member.[7] During the visit, he painted the members of the Swedish royal family, his self-portrait while painting the king, and also portraits of the statesman Carl Fredrik Scheffer and the naturalist Carl Linnaeus.[7]

On his way back to Paris he visited St. Petersburg, where he painted several portraits of Empress Catherine II of Russia and some notable portraits of Russian aristocrats between 1775 and 1777.[21][22] Catherine tried to persuade him to stay in her service, but Roslin declined and returned to France.[7] He died in Paris on 5 July 1793 of natural causes after surviving the French Revolution and outliving many of his patrons;[10] at that time he was the wealthiest artist in Paris.[11]

Works

 
The Lady with the Veil (The Artist's Wife), 1768, dressed "à la Bolognaise"[23]

Stylistically, his paintings are Classicist in some respects, but primarily Rococo.[14] The vast majority show members of the European nobility and of leading political and cultural circles. Roslin was enormously successful among members of French high society, becoming one of the wealthiest artists of the era in France.[10]

He painted a number of portraits of Russian Imperial statesmen, including images of Ivan Betskoi and his sister Anastasia Ivanovna, and of Ivan Shuvalov. He also painted some notable portraits of Polish and French aristocratic ladies. He signed his works Roslin Suédois. As a member of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture Roslin exhibited his paintings at the Salon de Paris, the official exhibition of members' work. Founded in 1725 the Salon became, between 1748 and 1890, the greatest biannual art event in the Western world.[24] From 1753 Roslin exhibited 18 times at the Salon.[25][26]

Roslin's popularity with both his foreign and his Swedish audiences during his lifetime is undisputed. He was one of the foremost portrait painters of his time, widely known for his masterful ability to reproduce his sitters' fashionable garments with their silks, lace, pearls and gold filaments. Roslin's ability to capture the personality of the people he depicted made him popular with his clients and allows us, even today a few hundred years later, to still feel close to the people he painted. He flattered and beautified his subjects according to the Rococo ideal.[2] Roslin's portrait of Anne Vallayer-Coster is praised particularly and became much debated after the Salon. In Le Véridique au Salon, published in 1783, it was described as one that "belonged to the artist's best". The picture has been compared to the contemporary artist Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun's celebrated self-portrait. Roslin depicted his model in a cool colour scale; in green, white, and blue, with the artist's attributes of palette and brushes, a common way for artists to depict themselves. Because of this, Roslin's painting was sometimes misinterpreted by art historians as a self-portrait by Vallayer-Coster.[2]

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Krol, A. E. (1970). Skandinavskii sbornik. Vol. 15. Tallinn. pp. 219–33. Retrieved 23 February 2014, cited in "Roslin, Alexander", Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd ed., translation 2010.
  2. ^ a b c Bjurström, Per (1993). Roslin (in Swedish). Höganäs. pp. 56, 163, 168–169, 208, 233. ISBN 9171195556.
  3. ^ Jeffares, Neil. "Dictionary of pastellists before 1800, online edition" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2014.
  4. ^ . Antikvärlden (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
  5. ^ Kinsella, Eileen (6 June 2006). "Minneapolis Museum acquires a $3m Roslin portrait". Art News. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
  6. ^ "Adliga ätten Ehrenbill nr 1515", Lars Ehrenbill, Tab. 2 (in Swedish)
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Herman Hofberg, "Roslin, Alexander", Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon (In Swedish)
  8. ^ Stolpe, Sven (1974). Drottning Kristina. 2, Efter tronavsägelsen. Stockholm: Bonnier. pp. 142 & 145. ISBN 91-0-039241-3.
  9. ^ a b Roslin, Alexander, Web Gallery of Art, retrieved 17 February 2014.
  10. ^ a b c d Bo Gentili, "Alexander Roslin 1718–1793" 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Kulturarv Malmö, 18 August 2010, retrieved 17 February 2014 (in Swedish)
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h "The Nationalmuseum in Stockholm Presents Alexander Roslin – Sweden's Forgotten Art Icon", ArtDaily, 2007, retrieved 17 February 2014.
  12. ^ a b 7 artworks by or after Alexander Roslin at the Art UK site: see extended Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists biography, under "artist profile". Retrieved 17 February 2014.
  13. ^ a b "The Lady with the Veil by Alexander Roslin 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Nationalmuseum, retrieved 17 February 2014.
  14. ^ a b c d Maarten Levendig, "Alexander Roslin: The Lady with the Veil (1768); Nationalmuseum, Stockholm", Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, 23 June 2013.
  15. ^ a b Didier Rykner, "Two Paintings by Alexandre Roslin for Versailles and Stockholm", The Art Tribune, 6 December 2013.
  16. ^ "Sweden's Nationalmuseum acquires family portrait painted in 1767 by Alexander Roslin", ArtDaily, 2013, retrieved 17 February 2014.
  17. ^ "Alexander Roslin" 6 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Bukowskis, retrieved 17 February 2014 (in Swedish)
  18. ^ Holkers, Märta (2007). Den svenska målarkonstens historia. Stockholm: Bonnier. p. 88. ISBN 978-91-0-011735-1.
  19. ^ Bjurström, Per (1993). Roslin. Höganäs: Wiken. pp. 30–40. ISBN 978-91-0-011735-1.
  20. ^ Märta Holkers, Den svenska målarkonstens historia, Stockholm: Bonnier, 2007, ISBN 978-91-0-011735-1 (in Swedish)
  21. ^ "Roslin, Alexander". Dictionary.com, copied from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  22. ^ . royal family.org. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
  23. ^ "alexander-roslin-lady-with-veil-1768". rijksmuseumamsterdam. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  24. ^ . National Gallery of Austria. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  25. ^ . Antik. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  26. ^ . www.nationalmuseum.se. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.

Further reading

  • Magnus Olausson and Eva-Lena Karlsson (eds.) Alexander Roslin. Exhibition catalog. Nationalmusei utställningskatalog 652. Stockholm: Nationalmuseum, 2007. ISBN 9789171007711

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alexander Roslin.
  • Gallery of Roslin's Work
  • Neil Jeffares, Dictionary of pastellists before 1800, online edition

August 21, 2023
alexander, roslin, spelled, alexandre, french, pronounced, alɛksɑ, ʁɔslɛ, july, 1718, july, 1793, swedish, portrait, painter, worked, scania, bayreuth, paris, italy, warsaw, petersburg, primarily, members, aristocratic, families, combined, insightful, psycholo. Alexander Roslin spelled Alexandre in French pronounced alɛksɑ dʁ ʁɔslɛ 15 July 1718 5 July 1793 was a Swedish portrait painter who worked in Scania Bayreuth Paris Italy Warsaw and St Petersburg primarily for members of aristocratic families He combined insightful psychological portrayal with a skillful representation of fabrics and jewels 1 2 Alexander RoslinSelf Portrait while Painting the King of Sweden 1785Born 1718 07 15 15 July 1718Malmo SwedenDied5 July 1793 1793 07 05 aged 74 Paris FranceSpouseMarie Suzanne Giroust m 1759 wbr SignatureHis style combined Classicist tendencies with the lustrous shimmering colours of Rococo a jocular elegant and ornate style He lived in France from 1752 until 1793 a period that spanned most of his career 3 The painting by Roslin depicting Jeanne Sophie de Vignerot du Plessis Countess of Egmont Pignatelli was bought by the Minneapolis Institute of Art in 2006 for US 3 million 4 5 Contents 1 Life 2 Career 3 Works 4 Gallery 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksLife Edit Double portrait of Roslin and his wife 1767 A portrait of Roslin s wife Marie Suzanne Giroust Roslin 1770Alexander Roslin was born on 15 July 1718 in Malmo Sweden the son of naval physician Hans Roslin and Catherine Wertmuller After showing an unusual talent for drawing and painting he trained in drawing at Karlskrona under Admiralty Captain Lars Ehrenbill 6 1697 1747 in order to become a naval draughtsman and then began to paint miniatures 7 Stockholm had become an intellectual and artistic center since Queen Christina had established connections with Paris and Alexander Roslin moved there 8 At the age of sixteen he became apprenticed to the court painter Georg Engelhard Schroder in Stockholm studying painting there until 1741 and beginning to paint large portraits in oils 7 Schroder was influenced by Hyacinthe Rigaud and Nicolas de Largilliere 9 In 1741 Roslin settled in Gothenburg and the following year moved to Scania where he remained until 1745 painting portraits 7 and also creating religious paintings for the church at Hasslov 9 In 1745 Roslin left Sweden for Bayreuth where he had been invited to work for Frederick Margrave of Brandenburg Kulmbach 10 In 1747 he moved to Italy to study the works of the great masters While in Italy he portrayed among others the family of Philip Duke of Parma in 1752 In the same year Roslin moved to Paris at the age of 34 where he settled for the rest of his life 7 11 Here in 1759 he married the pastel painter Marie Suzanne Giroust 1734 1772 12 The couple had three sons and three daughters 11 In 1768 Roslin painted her dressed in Bolognese fashion Lady with Veil a portrait that the art critic writer and philosopher Denis Diderot judged tres piquante 13 14 In 1767 he painted a double portrait of them both she is depicted working in pastels on a portrait of Henrik Wilhelm Peill while Roslin points at a gold box he received from Peill as a present 15 The frame of the painting is inscribed Loin et pres Far away and yet close showing that the portrait was a token of friendship 15 This painting was purchased by the Swedish National Museum in 2013 16 Career EditIn Paris he was a protege of Francois Boucher and his work rapidly became fashionable 17 He was chosen as a member of the French Art Academy 14 to which his wife also belonged 7 His early portraits are painted in bright cool colours and show the influence of Jean Marc Nattier and Hyacinthe Rigaud 18 19 Around the 1760s he started using daring colouring in his paintings such as in the portrait of his wife Lady with Veil 1768 and the Jennings Family 1769 13 Roslin had great technical skill in painting the surfaces and texture of precious materials such as fabrics and jewels but was also adept at capturing his sitters at their best 11 14 In Paris he soon became one of the foremost portraitists of his time valued mostly for practiced rendering of luxurious fabrics and gentle complexions Satin skin Go to Roslin 12 His portraits of members of the French aristocracy show sensitivity and taste 20 and also psychological insight 1 although changes in taste might make his faces seem stiff and lifeless to some observers today 10 In 1765 he scored a significant triumph when his portrait of Louis Duke of La Rochefoucauld and his family painted in competition with Jean Baptiste Greuze was awarded the prize He also painted several portraits of members of the French royal family and foreign princes including the Swedish king Gustav III and his brothers 7 In the second half of the 18th century having one s portrait painted by Roslin was the highpoint of public esteem 11 In 1771 Roslin although a foreigner often called Roslin le suedois Roslin the Swede 11 was awarded a pension and a free apartment in the Louvre 7 The following year he was awarded the Royal Order of Vasa by his native country after which he was also called Roslin le Chevalier Roslin the knight 11 He was often surrounded by Swedish visitors to Paris such as Peill He was also a good friend of the influential Swedish politician Count Carl Gustaf Tessin 11 After his wife s death during the years 1774 75 Roslin visited Sweden where he had been elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts oddly enough as a foreign honorary member 7 During the visit he painted the members of the Swedish royal family his self portrait while painting the king and also portraits of the statesman Carl Fredrik Scheffer and the naturalist Carl Linnaeus 7 On his way back to Paris he visited St Petersburg where he painted several portraits of Empress Catherine II of Russia and some notable portraits of Russian aristocrats between 1775 and 1777 21 22 Catherine tried to persuade him to stay in her service but Roslin declined and returned to France 7 He died in Paris on 5 July 1793 of natural causes after surviving the French Revolution and outliving many of his patrons 10 at that time he was the wealthiest artist in Paris 11 Early works Countess Francoise Marguerite de Grignan the daughter of Madame de Sevigne 1753 Katarzyna Mniszech 1752 Flora or HebeWorks Edit The Lady with the Veil The Artist s Wife 1768 dressed a la Bolognaise 23 Stylistically his paintings are Classicist in some respects but primarily Rococo 14 The vast majority show members of the European nobility and of leading political and cultural circles Roslin was enormously successful among members of French high society becoming one of the wealthiest artists of the era in France 10 He painted a number of portraits of Russian Imperial statesmen including images of Ivan Betskoi and his sister Anastasia Ivanovna and of Ivan Shuvalov He also painted some notable portraits of Polish and French aristocratic ladies He signed his works Roslin Suedois As a member of the Academie royale de peinture et de sculpture Roslin exhibited his paintings at the Salon de Paris the official exhibition of members work Founded in 1725 the Salon became between 1748 and 1890 the greatest biannual art event in the Western world 24 From 1753 Roslin exhibited 18 times at the Salon 25 26 Roslin s popularity with both his foreign and his Swedish audiences during his lifetime is undisputed He was one of the foremost portrait painters of his time widely known for his masterful ability to reproduce his sitters fashionable garments with their silks lace pearls and gold filaments Roslin s ability to capture the personality of the people he depicted made him popular with his clients and allows us even today a few hundred years later to still feel close to the people he painted He flattered and beautified his subjects according to the Rococo ideal 2 Roslin s portrait of Anne Vallayer Coster is praised particularly and became much debated after the Salon In Le Veridique au Salon published in 1783 it was described as one that belonged to the artist s best The picture has been compared to the contemporary artist Elisabeth Vigee Lebrun s celebrated self portrait Roslin depicted his model in a cool colour scale in green white and blue with the artist s attributes of palette and brushes a common way for artists to depict themselves Because of this Roslin s painting was sometimes misinterpreted by art historians as a self portrait by Vallayer Coster 2 Gallery EditPaintings Baroness de Neubourg Cromiere 1756 King Gustav III of Sweden and his Brothers 1771 Anne Vallayer Coster French painter 1783 Carl Fredrik Adelcrantz Swedish architect 1754 Jeanne Sophie de Vignerot du Plessis Countess of Egmont Pignatelli 1763 Swedish botanist and originator of binomial nomenclature Carl Linnaeus 1775 Baron Thure Leonard Klinckowstrom 1758 John Jennings Esq with his Brother and Sister in Law 1769 Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria later Maria Amalia Duchess of Parma Empress Catherine the Great of Russia 1780s Anastasia Ivanovna Hereditary Princess of Hesse Homburg Princess Trubetskaya Jean Francois Marmontel French historian and writer 1767 Louis de France the Dauphin of France the heir to the throne of France 1765 Prince Vladimir Borisovich Golitsyn 1762 King Christian VII of Denmark 1772 Hyacinthe Collin de Vermont French painter Carl Fredrik Scheffer Swedish riksrad privy councilor Jean Baptiste Eugenie Du Mangin or Jean Baptiste Dumangin France 1789 See also EditList of Swedish artistsReferences Edit a b Krol A E 1970 Skandinavskii sbornik Vol 15 Tallinn pp 219 33 Retrieved 23 February 2014 cited in Roslin Alexander Great Soviet Encyclopedia 3rd ed translation 2010 a b c Bjurstrom Per 1993 Roslin in Swedish Hoganas pp 56 163 168 169 208 233 ISBN 9171195556 Jeffares Neil Dictionary of pastellists before 1800 online edition PDF Retrieved 23 February 2014 Alexander Roslin Antikvarlden in Swedish Archived from the original on 23 February 2014 Retrieved 23 February 2014 Kinsella Eileen 6 June 2006 Minneapolis Museum acquires a 3m Roslin portrait Art News Retrieved 24 February 2014 Adliga atten Ehrenbill nr 1515 Lars Ehrenbill Tab 2 in Swedish a b c d e f g h i j Herman Hofberg Roslin Alexander Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon In Swedish Stolpe Sven 1974 Drottning Kristina 2 Efter tronavsagelsen Stockholm Bonnier pp 142 amp 145 ISBN 91 0 039241 3 a b Roslin Alexander Web Gallery of Art retrieved 17 February 2014 a b c d Bo Gentili Alexander Roslin 1718 1793 Archived 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine Kulturarv Malmo 18 August 2010 retrieved 17 February 2014 in Swedish a b c d e f g h The Nationalmuseum in Stockholm Presents Alexander Roslin Sweden s Forgotten Art Icon ArtDaily 2007 retrieved 17 February 2014 a b 7 artworks by or after Alexander Roslin at the Art UK site see extended Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists biography under artist profile Retrieved 17 February 2014 a b The Lady with the Veil by Alexander Roslin Archived 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine Nationalmuseum retrieved 17 February 2014 a b c d Maarten Levendig Alexander Roslin The Lady with the Veil 1768 Nationalmuseum Stockholm Rijksmuseum Amsterdam 23 June 2013 a b Didier Rykner Two Paintings by Alexandre Roslin for Versailles and Stockholm The Art Tribune 6 December 2013 Sweden s Nationalmuseum acquires family portrait painted in 1767 by Alexander Roslin ArtDaily 2013 retrieved 17 February 2014 Alexander Roslin Archived 6 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine Bukowskis retrieved 17 February 2014 in Swedish Holkers Marta 2007 Den svenska malarkonstens historia Stockholm Bonnier p 88 ISBN 978 91 0 011735 1 Bjurstrom Per 1993 Roslin Hoganas Wiken pp 30 40 ISBN 978 91 0 011735 1 Marta Holkers Den svenska malarkonstens historia Stockholm Bonnier 2007 ISBN 978 91 0 011735 1 in Swedish Roslin Alexander Dictionary com copied from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia Retrieved 21 February 2014 Portrait of Grand Duchess Maria Feodorovna royal family org Archived from the original on 27 February 2014 Retrieved 24 February 2014 alexander roslin lady with veil 1768 rijksmuseumamsterdam Retrieved 11 October 2014 Paris salons National Gallery of Austria Archived from the original on 14 June 2020 Retrieved 21 February 2014 Alexander Roslin Antik Archived from the original on 23 February 2014 Retrieved 21 February 2014 The Lady with the Veil www nationalmuseum se Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Further reading EditMagnus Olausson and Eva Lena Karlsson eds Alexander Roslin Exhibition catalog Nationalmusei utstallningskatalog 652 Stockholm Nationalmuseum 2007 ISBN 9789171007711External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alexander Roslin Gallery of Roslin s Work Neil Jeffares Dictionary of pastellists before 1800 online edition Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alexander Roslin amp oldid 1170511107, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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