In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Aznar and the second or maternal family name is Gerner.
Agustín Aznar Gerner (18 August 1911 – 2 May 1984) was a Spanish medical doctor, political activist with the Falange and a leading figure during the Spanish Civil War. Aznar was part of a radical element within the followers of Francisco Franco and at times represented a challenge to his leadership.
The son of the academic Severino Aznar [es], Aznar studied medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid, where his father was a sociology lecturer.[1] He specialised in haematology and would ultimately serve as Chief Professor of the Central Laboratory and the Haematological Service.[1]
Aznar's political involvement also began in his student days and in 1935 he was the founder and leader of the Falangist student union, the Sindicato Español Universitario.[2] Known as a burly adventurer who held the Greco-Roman wrestling title in Castille,[3] he was appointed chief of the Madrid section of the Falange militia and took part in several bloody street-fights with leftist opponents.[1] With the Falange outlawed in March 1936, Aznar began the civil war in prison but was quickly released when Nationalists took charge of the area.[1]
At the beginning of the civil war Aznar was appointed jefe of the national militias in succession to Luis Aguilar who had been killed.[4] In this role he was close to Hans Joachim von Knobloch, the German consul in Alicante and in 1936 the two co-operated in a scheme to secure the release of the captured Falangist leader José Antonio Primo de Rivera through bribery. The plan failed and Aznar narrowly escaped capture himself, although the scheme was typical of his adventuring reputation.[5] He also campaigned vigorously to prevent the incorporation of the Falangist militias into a proposed united Nationalist force under Juan Yagüe, being suspicious of the Carlism of Yagüe and the other generals.[1]
Power struggleedit
Following the execution of Primo de Rivera, Aznar became one of the leading figures in a power struggle in the Falange. Along with Sancho Dávila y Fernández de Celis he formed the leadership of a group known as the legitimistas who were opposed to the leadership of Primo de Rivera's chosen successor Manuel Hedilla.[6] In an attempt to secure his position Hedilla organised an extraordinary meeting of the Falange, although trouble was promised as both he and Aznar organised their own militias in the run-up to the meeting.[7] It was Aznar who struck first, using his militia to seize to depose Hedilla on April 16, 1937, and instead placing at the head of the Falange a triumvirate made up of himself, Sancho Dávila and their ally José Moreno.[8]
Hedilla hit back however, enlisting the help of Finnish fascist Carl von Haartman, who led Hedilla's troops in capturing the Falangist Headquarters from Aznar's forces.[9] With the struggle threatening to impact the war effort Franco stepped in to publicly back Hedilla and ensure the arrest of Aznar, Sancho Dávila and the others. However, Franco used the opportunity to effectively neutralise the Falange by immediately announcing the formation of the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista, effectively making the post of head of the Falange little more than ceremonial.[10] Aznar was briefly imprisoned although he was soon released and appointed to the by then weakened Falangist National Council.[1]
Return to politicsedit
Despite his personal loss of face Aznar, who was released from prison very soon afterwards, was quickly reconciled to Franco's new movement and was appointed to the post of assessor of militias.[11] A member of the group's 12-man Junta Politica, Aznar joined with Fernando González Vélez in 1938 in an attempt to radicalise the movement along the lines of Italian fascism and Nazism and to make the party more important. The proposals of the Aznar group, delivered to the Junta by his ally Dionisio Ridruejo, sparked another possible schism, this time with the monarchist faction of Pedro Sainz Rodríguez who were repulsed by what they saw as the republicanism of fascism. Again Franco sided against Aznar and had both he and González Vélez imprisoned for the plot.[12] Franco's decision had been aided by an earlier intelligence report he had received which stated that Aznar and González Vélez were plotting against him, although there is little evidence to suggest that this was true.[13] He was released in November 1939 and allowed to return to some prominence within the party.[1]
Pro-Nazi activityedit
Disenchanted by the conservative path adopted by the Franco regime Aznar, along with the likes of Ridruejo and other original Falangists such as the García-Noblejas brothers, joined the Blue Division during the Second World War.[14] Also serving in the fairly minor role of National Delegate for Health in the government, Aznar became associated with the efforts of José Luis de Arrese to increase ties with the Nazis following his war service.[15] Combining his two roles Aznar instigated a scheme by which Spanish doctors could work in German hospitals and this programme continued until late 1944.[16]
Post-waredit
Like most of the pro-Nazis within the Franco government, Aznar was sidelined in 1945 as a new pro-western and anti-communist policy was adopted by El Caudillo. Nonetheless, he retained a post on the Falange's Junta Politica until 1958, having first been appointed to the body in the 1930s.[1] He was appointed to the Cortes Españolas, a largely ceremonial body with little real power, in 1961 and remained in place in 1976 when he was one of the deputies to vote against the lifting of the ban on political parties.[17]
His political involvement ended with the restoration of constitutional monarchy and he served as head of the blood transfusion service in a Madrid hospital.[17]
agustín, aznar, this, spanish, name, first, paternal, surname, aznar, second, maternal, family, name, gerner, gerner, august, 1911, 1984, spanish, medical, doctor, political, activist, with, falange, leading, figure, during, spanish, civil, aznar, part, radica. In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Aznar and the second or maternal family name is Gerner Agustin Aznar Gerner 18 August 1911 2 May 1984 was a Spanish medical doctor political activist with the Falange and a leading figure during the Spanish Civil War Aznar was part of a radical element within the followers of Francisco Franco and at times represented a challenge to his leadership Agustin AznarAznar in c 1941 1943Member of the Cortes EspanolasIn office 1961 1976Personal detailsBornAgustin Aznar Gerner18 August 1911Madrid SpainDied2 May 1984 1984 05 02 aged 72 Madrid SpainPolitical partyFET y de las JONSOther politicalaffiliationsFE de las JONSOccupationPoliticianMilitary serviceAllegiance Spain Nazi GermanyBranch serviceSpanish Army HeerUnitBlue Division 1941 1943 Battles warsSpanish Civil WarWorld War II Eastern FrontAwardsIron Cross Contents 1 Early years 2 Power struggle 3 Return to politics 4 Pro Nazi activity 5 Post war 6 ReferencesEarly years editThe son of the academic Severino Aznar es Aznar studied medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid where his father was a sociology lecturer 1 He specialised in haematology and would ultimately serve as Chief Professor of the Central Laboratory and the Haematological Service 1 Aznar s political involvement also began in his student days and in 1935 he was the founder and leader of the Falangist student union the Sindicato Espanol Universitario 2 Known as a burly adventurer who held the Greco Roman wrestling title in Castille 3 he was appointed chief of the Madrid section of the Falange militia and took part in several bloody street fights with leftist opponents 1 With the Falange outlawed in March 1936 Aznar began the civil war in prison but was quickly released when Nationalists took charge of the area 1 At the beginning of the civil war Aznar was appointed jefe of the national militias in succession to Luis Aguilar who had been killed 4 In this role he was close to Hans Joachim von Knobloch the German consul in Alicante and in 1936 the two co operated in a scheme to secure the release of the captured Falangist leader Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera through bribery The plan failed and Aznar narrowly escaped capture himself although the scheme was typical of his adventuring reputation 5 He also campaigned vigorously to prevent the incorporation of the Falangist militias into a proposed united Nationalist force under Juan Yague being suspicious of the Carlism of Yague and the other generals 1 Power struggle editFollowing the execution of Primo de Rivera Aznar became one of the leading figures in a power struggle in the Falange Along with Sancho Davila y Fernandez de Celis he formed the leadership of a group known as the legitimistas who were opposed to the leadership of Primo de Rivera s chosen successor Manuel Hedilla 6 In an attempt to secure his position Hedilla organised an extraordinary meeting of the Falange although trouble was promised as both he and Aznar organised their own militias in the run up to the meeting 7 It was Aznar who struck first using his militia to seize to depose Hedilla on April 16 1937 and instead placing at the head of the Falange a triumvirate made up of himself Sancho Davila and their ally Jose Moreno 8 Hedilla hit back however enlisting the help of Finnish fascist Carl von Haartman who led Hedilla s troops in capturing the Falangist Headquarters from Aznar s forces 9 With the struggle threatening to impact the war effort Franco stepped in to publicly back Hedilla and ensure the arrest of Aznar Sancho Davila and the others However Franco used the opportunity to effectively neutralise the Falange by immediately announcing the formation of the Falange Espanola Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista effectively making the post of head of the Falange little more than ceremonial 10 Aznar was briefly imprisoned although he was soon released and appointed to the by then weakened Falangist National Council 1 Return to politics editDespite his personal loss of face Aznar who was released from prison very soon afterwards was quickly reconciled to Franco s new movement and was appointed to the post of assessor of militias 11 A member of the group s 12 man Junta Politica Aznar joined with Fernando Gonzalez Velez in 1938 in an attempt to radicalise the movement along the lines of Italian fascism and Nazism and to make the party more important The proposals of the Aznar group delivered to the Junta by his ally Dionisio Ridruejo sparked another possible schism this time with the monarchist faction of Pedro Sainz Rodriguez who were repulsed by what they saw as the republicanism of fascism Again Franco sided against Aznar and had both he and Gonzalez Velez imprisoned for the plot 12 Franco s decision had been aided by an earlier intelligence report he had received which stated that Aznar and Gonzalez Velez were plotting against him although there is little evidence to suggest that this was true 13 He was released in November 1939 and allowed to return to some prominence within the party 1 Pro Nazi activity editDisenchanted by the conservative path adopted by the Franco regime Aznar along with the likes of Ridruejo and other original Falangists such as the Garcia Noblejas brothers joined the Blue Division during the Second World War 14 Also serving in the fairly minor role of National Delegate for Health in the government Aznar became associated with the efforts of Jose Luis de Arrese to increase ties with the Nazis following his war service 15 Combining his two roles Aznar instigated a scheme by which Spanish doctors could work in German hospitals and this programme continued until late 1944 16 Post war editLike most of the pro Nazis within the Franco government Aznar was sidelined in 1945 as a new pro western and anti communist policy was adopted by El Caudillo Nonetheless he retained a post on the Falange s Junta Politica until 1958 having first been appointed to the body in the 1930s 1 He was appointed to the Cortes Espanolas a largely ceremonial body with little real power in 1961 and remained in place in 1976 when he was one of the deputies to vote against the lifting of the ban on political parties 17 His political involvement ended with the restoration of constitutional monarchy and he served as head of the blood transfusion service in a Madrid hospital 17 References edit a b c d e f g h Philip Rees Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 Harvester Wheatsheaf 1990 p 16 E de Blaye Franco and the Politics of Spain Penguin Books 1976 p 457 Stanley G Payne Fascism in Spain 1923 1977 2000 p 164 Payne Fascism in Spain p 242 Paul Preston Franco London 1995 pp 194 195 Preston Franco p 258 Preston Franco pp 261 262 Preston Franco p 262 Preston Franco pp 263 264 Preston Franco pp 265 266 Preston Franco p 270 Preston Franco pp 299 300 Stanley G Payne Falange A History of Spanish Fascism 1961 p 185 Wayne H Bowen Spaniards and Nazi Germany Collaboration in the New Order 2000 p 108 ISBN missing Bowen Spaniards and Nazi Germany p 149 Bowen Spaniards and Nazi Germany p 191 a b Rees p 17 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Agustin Aznar amp oldid 1207594238, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
