The Adelgidae[1] are a small family of the Hemiptera closely related to the aphids, and often included in the Aphidoidea with the Phylloxeridae or placed within the superfamily Phylloxeroidea as a sister of the Aphidoidea within the infraorder Aphidomorpha. The family is composed of species associated with pine, spruce, or other conifers, known respectively as "pine aphids" or "spruce aphids". This family includes the former family Chermesidae, or "Chermidae", the name of which was declared invalid by the ICZN in 1955.[2] There is still considerable debate as to the number of genera within the family, and the classification is still unstable and inconsistent among competing authors.[3]
There are about fifty species of adelgids known. All of them are native to the northern hemisphere, although some have been introduced to the southern hemisphere as invasive species.[4][5] Unlike aphids, the adelgids have no tail-like cauda and no cornicles.[6]
Adelgids only lay eggs, and never give birth to live nymphs as aphids do. Adelgids are covered with dense woolly wax. A complete adelgid life cycle lasts two years.[6] Adelgid nymphs are known as sistentes, and the overwintering sistentes are called neosistens.[7]
Rain can kill adelgids by dislodging eggs and sistentes from trees.[8]
^Schouteden (1909) Rhynchota für 1908. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 75(2–2–2): 136–219 (p. 138 Adelginen).
^insects being called "chermes" sometimes. Another name that was common was "dreyfusia" in other locations (The Balsam Woolly Aphid Problem in Oregon and Washington, Norman E. Johnson and Kenneth H. Wright, Research paper No. 18, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, April, 1957).
^A Historical Review of Adelgid Nomenclature October 25, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Matthew S. Wallace, Third Symposium on Woolly Hemlock Adelgids
^"Hemlock Woolly Adelgid". Gallery of Pests. Don't Move Firewood. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
^"Balsam Woolly Adelgid". Gallery of Pests. Don't Move Firewood. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
^page 724 of Imms' General Textbook of Entomology, Tenth Edition, volume 2, Augustus Daniel Imms, Richard Gareth Davies, Owain Westmacott Richards, Springer, 1977, ISBN0-412-15220-7
adelgidae, small, family, hemiptera, closely, related, aphids, often, included, aphidoidea, with, phylloxeridae, placed, within, superfamily, phylloxeroidea, sister, aphidoidea, within, infraorder, aphidomorpha, family, composed, species, associated, with, pin. The Adelgidae 1 are a small family of the Hemiptera closely related to the aphids and often included in the Aphidoidea with the Phylloxeridae or placed within the superfamily Phylloxeroidea as a sister of the Aphidoidea within the infraorder Aphidomorpha The family is composed of species associated with pine spruce or other conifers known respectively as pine aphids or spruce aphids This family includes the former family Chermesidae or Chermidae the name of which was declared invalid by the ICZN in 1955 2 There is still considerable debate as to the number of genera within the family and the classification is still unstable and inconsistent among competing authors 3 AdelgidaeTemporal range Eocene Present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Hemlock woolly adelgid Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Hemiptera Suborder Sternorrhyncha Infraorder Aphidomorpha Superfamily Phylloxeroidea Family AdelgidaeSchouteden 1909 Genera See text There are about fifty species of adelgids known All of them are native to the northern hemisphere although some have been introduced to the southern hemisphere as invasive species 4 5 Unlike aphids the adelgids have no tail like cauda and no cornicles 6 Adelgids only lay eggs and never give birth to live nymphs as aphids do Adelgids are covered with dense woolly wax A complete adelgid life cycle lasts two years 6 Adelgid nymphs are known as sistentes and the overwintering sistentes are called neosistens 7 Rain can kill adelgids by dislodging eggs and sistentes from trees 8 Balsam woolly adelgid Galls of Adelges abietis on fir Abies Contents 1 Genera 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksGenera editAdelges Vallot 1836 Aphrastasia Borner 1909 Cholodkovskya Borner 1909 Dreyfusia Borner 1908 Eopineus Steffan 1968 Gilletteella Borner 1930 Pineus Shimer 1869 Sacchiphantes Curtis 1844See also editBalsam woolly adelgid Gall adelgid Hemlock woolly adelgid Pineapple gall adelgidReferences edit Schouteden 1909 Rhynchota fur 1908 Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 75 2 2 2 136 219 p 138 Adelginen insects being called chermes sometimes Another name that was common was dreyfusia in other locations The Balsam Woolly Aphid Problem in Oregon and Washington Norman E Johnson and Kenneth H Wright Research paper No 18 United States Forest Service United States Department of Agriculture April 1957 A Historical Review of Adelgid Nomenclature Archived October 25 2007 at the Wayback Machine Matthew S Wallace Third Symposium on Woolly Hemlock Adelgids Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Gallery of Pests Don t Move Firewood Retrieved 20 October 2011 Balsam Woolly Adelgid Gallery of Pests Don t Move Firewood Retrieved 20 October 2011 a b Bugs of the World George C McGumo Facts on File Archived 2007 10 14 at the Wayback Machine 1993 ISBN 0 8160 2737 4 page 724 of Imms General Textbook of Entomology Tenth Edition volume 2 Augustus Daniel Imms Richard Gareth Davies Owain Westmacott Richards Springer 1977 ISBN 0 412 15220 7 The Balsam Woolly Aphid Problem in Oregon and Washington Norman E Johnson and Kenneth H Wright Research paper No 18 United States Forest Service United States Department of Agriculture April 1957External links edit nbsp Data related to Adelgidae at Wikispecies nbsp Media related to Adelgidae at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Adelgidae amp oldid 1146533172, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
