Abel Ferrara

Abel Ferrara (born July 19, 1951)^[1] is an American filmmaker, known for the provocative and often controversial content in his movies and his use and redefinition of neo-noir imagery. A long-time independent filmmaker, some of his best known movies include the New York-set, gritty crime thrillers The Driller Killer (1979), Ms .45 (1981), King of New York (1990), Bad Lieutenant (1992) and The Funeral (1996), chronicling violent crime in urban settings with spiritual overtones.

Abel Ferrara
Abel Ferrara at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival
Born	(1951-07-19) July 19, 1951 (age 72) The Bronx, New York City, U.S.
Other names	Jimmy Boy L, Jimmy Laine
Occupation(s)	Director, screenwriter, actor, producer, editor, cinematographer
Years active	1971–present
Spouses	Nancy Ferrara ​ ​ (m. 1982, divorced)​ Cristina Chiriac
Children	3

Ferrara also worked in a wide array of genres, including the sci-fi remake Body Snatchers (1993), cyberpunk thriller New Rose Hotel (1998), the religious drama Mary (2005), the black comedy Go Go Tales (2007), and the biopic Pasolini (2014), as well as in several documentary filmmaking projects.

Early life

Ferrara was born in the Bronx of Italian and Irish descent.^[2] He was raised Catholic, which subsequently influenced much of his work.^[3] At 8 years old, he moved to Peekskill in Westchester County, New York and he started making movies at Rockland Community College.^[4] Later, he attended the film conservatory at SUNY Purchase, where he directed several short films.^[5]

Career

Early work 1971-1981

 

Ferrara (far right) in The Driller Killer

Ferrara studied at the San Francisco Art Institute; one of his teachers and influences there was the famous avant-garde director Rosa von Praunheim.^[6] In the early 1970s, while still in art school, Ferrara directed a number of independently produced short films which included The Hold Up and Could This Be Love. Finding himself out of work after leaving film school in 1976, Ferrara directed his first feature film which was a pornographic film titled, 9 Lives of a Wet Pussy, using a pseudonym.^[7] Starring with his then-girlfriend, he recalled having to step in front of the camera for one scene to perform in a hardcore sex scene: "It's bad enough paying a guy $200 to fuck your girlfriend, then he can't get it up."^[8]

Ferrara first drew a cult following with his second feature film, an exploitation movie titled The Driller Killer (1979), an urban slasher film about an artist (played by the director himself) who goes on a killing spree with a power drill. In the United Kingdom, the movie made it on a list of "video nasties" created by moral crusaders that led to prosecutions under the Obscene Publications Act 1959 and to the passing of new legislation which forced all video releases to appear before the British Board of Film Classification for rating.^[9]

The director's next feature was Ms .45 (1981), a "rape revenge" movie about a mute garment worker turned murderer (Zoë Tamerlis). Reviewers called it "a provocative, disreputable movie, well worth seeing."^[10]

Rise to international fame 1984-1998

In 1984, Ferrara was hired to direct Fear City, starring Melanie Griffith, Billy Dee Williams, Rae Dawn Chong and María Conchita Alonso. When a "kung fu slasher" stalks and murders young women who work in a seedy Times Square strip club, a disgraced boxer portrayed by Tom Berenger uses his fighting skills to defeat the killer.^[11]

Ferrara worked on two Michael Mann-produced television series, directing the two-hour pilot for Crime Story (aired September 18, 1986), starring Dennis Farina,^[12] and two episodes of the series Miami Vice.^[13]

King of New York (1990) stars Christopher Walken as gangster Frank White, Laurence Fishburne, Wesley Snipes, David Caruso and Giancarlo Esposito. The movie received overall mixed reviews, but Ferrara was praised for his strong command of mood and style. Critic Roger Ebert wrote, "What Ferrara needs for his next film is a sound screenplay."^[14]

Bad Lieutenant (1992) credits Ferrara and actress Zoë Tamerlis, who plays the woman who helps the Lieutenant freebase heroin in the movie, as co-writers of the script, but Tamerlis claimed that she wrote it alone.^[15][16] Bad Lieutenant received Spirit Awards nominations for Best Director and Best Actor, and despite its controversial content, the movie was lauded by critics. Director Martin Scorsese named it one of his top 10 films of the 1990s.^[17]

In 1993, Ferrara was hired for two Hollywood studio movies: another remake of Invasion of the Body Snatchers, titled Body Snatchers (1993), for Warner Bros.; and Dangerous Game (1993), starring Keitel and Madonna, for MGM.

In the mid-1990s Ferrara directed two well-received independent movies: The Addiction (1995),^[18] photographed in black-and-white, stars Lili Taylor as a philosophy student who succumbs to a vampire as she studies the problem of evil and philosophical pedagogy, represented by the most violent events of the 20th century. The movie also features Christopher Walken, Annabella Sciorra, Edie Falco, Kathryn Erbe and Michael Imperioli. It was co-produced by Russell Simmons.

The Funeral (1996),^[19] starring Walken, Sciorra, Chris Penn, Isabella Rossellini, Benicio del Toro, Vincent Gallo and Gretchen Mol, was nominated for five Independent Spirit Awards including Best Director.

Following the success of The Funeral, Ferrara had an infamous interview with Conan O'Brien on October 23, 1996. Ferrara was believed to be intoxicated and struggled through the interview, often slurring and covering his face as well as waving around a cigarette. O'Brien would later state that Ferrara was his "worst guest ever".^[20] Eventually, O'Brien revealed to Ferrara's frequent collaborator Willem Dafoe that Ferrara "ran away" and that the segment producer had to "run down the street" to catch him and bring him back to the set. Dafoe said to O'Brien, "You did your best...and so did he!"

After making The Blackout (1997) with Matthew Modine and Dennis Hopper, he contributed to the omnibus television movie Subway Stories. Ferrara then made New Rose Hotel (1998), which reunited him with Christopher Walken.

 

Ferrara in 2008.

Move to Europe 2001 - present

Ferrara returned three years later with 'R Xmas (2001), which starred Drea de Matteo and Ice-T. He recorded commentaries for Driller Killer^[21] and King of New York^[22] and made Mary (2005), a religious-themed multi-plot movie starring Juliette Binoche, Matthew Modine, Forest Whitaker, Heather Graham, Marion Cotillard, and Stefania Rocca. Mary premiered at the Venice Film Festival in 2005. It swept the awards ceremony, garnering the Grand Jury Prize, SIGNIS Award and two others. It was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival.^[23]

In 2007, Ferrara directed Go Go Tales a comedy with Modine, Bob Hoskins and Willem Dafoe that premiered at the Cannes Film Festival but was not shown in the United States until a special screening at the Anthology Film Archives in 2011.^[24]

In 2009, Jekyll and Hyde was set to star Forest Whitaker and 50 Cent. After disagreements with Warner Bros., the movie was shelved in 2010.^[25]

In 2009, Napoli, Napoli, Napoli premiered out of competition at the 66th Venice International Film Festival.^[26] The docudrama received little attention and poor reviews but Werner Herzog's reboot Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans was selected for competition at the prestigious festival. Asked about the Herzog film, Ferrara was quoted widely saying "I wish these people die in hell".^[27]

In September 2011, 4:44 Last Day on Earth, starring Willem Dafoe and Shanyn Leigh, premiered at the main competition of the 68th Venice International Film Festival.^[28]

Ferrara's Welcome to New York, a fictionalized version of the Dominique Strauss-Kahn sexual assault case starring Gérard Depardieu and Jacqueline Bisset, was released on video on demand in 2014.^[29][30] Ferrara's Pasolini (2014) about the titular Italian director stars Willem Dafoe.^[31]

After a 4-year long hiatus, Ferrara came back in 2019 with Tommaso, a new feature starring Dafoe and set in Rome. The film had its world premiere at the 72nd Cannes Film Festival on 20 May 2019. It was released in the United States by Kino Lorber.

The following year, with Siberia (2020), Ferrara and Dafoe collaborated for the sixth time. Inspired by Carl Jung's The Red Book, the script was written by Ferrara and Chris Zois.^[32][33] The film had its world premiere at the main competition of the 70th Berlin International Film Festival, on 24 February 2020. It was released in the United States by Lionsgate in 2021. Shortly after Ferrara directed the documentary Sportin' Life, about the beginning of quarantine measures in Europe a few days after the Berlinale premiere of Siberia, during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.^[34] The documentary had its world premiere at the 77th Venice Film Festival on 4 September 2020.

Since 2020 he has interpreted Gabriele Tinti's poetry giving voice to the masterpieces in the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Pinacoteca di Brera, Museo Nazionale di San Marco, Ca' d'Oro, Musée Jacquemart-André and Museo Nazionale Romano^[35][36]

In August 2021, Zeros and Ones, starring Ethan Hawke, had its world premiere at the main competition of the 74th Locarno Film Festival, during the festival Ferrara won the Best Direction Award.^[37] The film was released in limited theaters and on demand by Lionsgate on November 19, 2021.

In 2022, Ferrara's Padre Pio, starring Shia LaBeouf and Asia Argento, premiered at the "Giornate degli Autori" section of the 79th Venice Film Festival on September 2, 2022. The film was released in the United States by Gravitas Ventures on June 2, 2023. During the film's production, LeBeouf notably converted to Catholicism.

Personal life

Ferrara is married to Cristina Chiriac and they have a daughter, Anna.^[38][39] He was previously married to Nancy Ferrara.^[40] Ferrara has two adopted children: Endira and Lucy.^[41][42] He was also in a romantic relationship with actress Shanyn Leigh.^[43][44]

Ferrara lives in Rome, Italy.^[45] He moved there following the 9/11 attacks because it was easier for him to find financing for his movies in Europe.^[46]

Raised Catholic, Ferrara started describing himself as Buddhist in 2007.^[47] When asked if he had converted, Ferrara responded,

It’s not a conversion, you’re not a card-carrying Catholic, you’re brought up Italian, so you’re brought up with those images. All the great art is financed by the Church so they have a monopoly on the paintings, and they’re powerful images, the whole nine yards of it. But Jesus was a living man, and so were Buddha and Muhammad. These three guys changed the fucking world, with their passion and love of other human beings. All these guys had was their word, and they came from fucking nowhere. I’m not saying Nazareth is nowhere – I’m sure Jesus came from a very cool neighbourhood.

— Abel Ferrara^[48]

Ferrara said in 2020 that Buddhism "is a practice for me, not a religion."^[49] In 2022, he stated he considered Padre Pio his "spirituality model."^[50]

Influences

Influences on Ferrara's work include "the Stones and Dylan...DaVinci, Stanley Kubrick, Woody Allen and all of the great New York film makers."^[51] He has also credited Pier Paolo Pasolini and Rainer Werner Fassbinder as influences.^[52][53][54]

Filmography

Short film

Year	Title	Director	Writer	Actor	Notes
1971	Nicky's Film	Yes		Yes
1972	The Hold Up	Yes	Yes	Yes
1973	Could It Be Love	Yes	Yes
2010	OneDreamRush: Dream Piece	Yes
2012	No Saints	Yes
	My Big-Assed Mother			Yes	Role: Charles Bukowski
2017	Hans	Yes	Yes

Feature films

Year	Title	Director	Writer	Notes
1976	9 Lives of a Wet Pussy	Yes		Pornographic film Credited as Jimmy Boy L.
1979	The Driller Killer	Yes
1981	Ms .45	Yes
1984	Fear City	Yes
1987	China Girl	Yes
1989	Cat Chaser	Yes
1990	King of New York	Yes
1992	Bad Lieutenant	Yes	Yes
1993	Body Snatchers	Yes
	Dangerous Game	Yes
1995	The Addiction	Yes
1996	The Funeral	Yes
1997	The Blackout	Yes	Yes
1998	New Rose Hotel	Yes	Yes
2001	'R Xmas	Yes	Yes
2005	Mary	Yes	Yes
2007	Go Go Tales	Yes	Yes
2011	4:44 Last Day on Earth	Yes	Yes
2014	Welcome to New York	Yes	Yes
	Pasolini	Yes	Yes	^[55]
2019	Tommaso	Yes	Yes
2020	Siberia	Yes	Yes
2021	Zeros and Ones	Yes	Yes
2022	Padre Pio	Yes	Yes

Acting roles

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1976	9 Lives of a Wet Pussy	Old Man
1979	The Driller Killer	Reno	Credited as "Jimmy Laine"
1981	Ms .45	1st rapist
1993	Body Snatchers
2006	Exes	Cain
2009	Daddy Longlegs	Robber
2014	Don Peyote	Taxi cab driver
2016	Sculpt
2017	Black Butterfly	Pat
2018	Buon Lavoro		^[56]

Documentary films

Year	Title	Director	Writer	Himself	Notes	Ref
1977	Not Guilty: For Keith Richards	Yes			Short
2008	Chelsea on the Rocks	Yes	Yes
2009	Napoli Napoli Napoli	Yes	Yes
2010	Mulberry St.	Yes
2017	Alive in France	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Piazza Vittorio	Yes	Yes			^[57]
2018	Talking with the Vampires	Yes	Yes	Yes	Short	^[58]
2019	The Projectionist	Yes	Yes			^[59]
2020	Sportin' Life	Yes	Yes	Yes		^[60]

Television

Year	Title	Notes
1986	Crime Story	Pilot episode
2012	Pizza Connection	Web series

TV movies

Year	Title	Notes
1986	The Gladiator
1988	The Loner
1997	Subway Stories: Tales from the Underground	Segment "Love on the A Train"

Music video

Year	Title	Director	Writer
1996	Mylène Farmer: California	Yes
1999	Ben Folds Five: Don't Change Your Plans	Yes
2004	Abenaa: "Rain"	Yes	Yes

Recurring collaborators

Ferrara has recast many of the same actors in his movies, most notably Christopher Walken, Harvey Keitel and Willem Dafoe.^[61] Other actors he has recast include Annabella Sciorra and Matthew Modine as well as character actors such as Victor Argo, Paul Calderón and Giancarlo Esposito.^[62] David Caruso is another one of Ferrara's frequent film collaborators.^[63] Ms .45 (1981) star Zoë Lund collaborated with Ferrara again on Bad Lieutenant (1992), which she co-wrote.^[64] Gretchen Mol has worked with Ferrara twice.^[65] Forest Whitaker starred in Ferrara's movies Mary (2005) and Body Snatchers (1993).^[66]

Work Actor	1979	1981	1986	1987	1990	1992	1993		1995	1996	1997	1998	2001	2005	2007	2008	2009	2011	2014		2019	2020	2021	2022
	The Driller Killer	Ms .45	Crime Story	China Girl	King of New York	Bad Lieutenant	Body Snatchers	Dangerous Game	The Addiction	The Funeral	The Blackout	New Rose Hotel	'R Xmas	Mary	Go Go Tales	Chelsea on the Rocks	Napoli Napoli Napoli	4:44 Last Day on Earth	Welcome to New York	Pasolini	Tommaso	Siberia	Zeros and Ones	Padre Pio
Asia Argento												N			N									N
Victor Argo					N	N		N		N		N	N
Paul Calderón					N	N			N										N
David Caruso			N	N	N
Cristina Chiriac																				N	N	N	N
Willem Dafoe												N			N			N		N	N	N
Giancarlo Esposito					N											N
Abel Ferrara	N	N														N
Anna Ferrara																					N	N	N
Ethan Hawke																N							N
Paul Hipp				N		N				N								N	N
Dennis Hopper											N					N
Harvey Keitel						N		N
Shanyn Leigh														N	N		N	N	N
Zoë Lund		N				N
Matthew Modine											N			N	N
Gretchen Mol										N		N
James Russo				N				N
Riccardo Scamarcio															N					N
Annabella Sciorra									N	N		N
Christopher Walken					N				N	N		N
Forest Whitaker							N							N

Beginning with The Driller Killer in 1979 through The Projectionist in 2019, Ferrara most frequently works with Ken Kelsch as his cinematographer.^[67]

Awards and nominations

Year	Nominated work	Award	Result	Ref
1993	Body Snatchers	Palme d'Or	Nominated
1993	Bad Lieutenant	Independent Spirit Award for Best Director	Nominated
1995	The Addiction	Golden Berlin Bear	Nominated
1996	The Funeral	Independent Spirit Award for Best Director	Nominated
1998	The Blackout	Worst Director - Yoga Awards	Won	^[68]
2001	R' Xmas	Un Certain Regard	Nominated

References

1. Nicole Brenez, Abel Ferrara, University of Illinois Press, 2007 page 2
2. Goldstein, Patrick (October 28, 1990). . Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 24, 2012. Retrieved November 21, 2009.
3. Lim, Dennis (October 12, 2008). "Struggling With Faith and Gentrification". The New York Times. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
4. "'Bad Lieutenant' filmmaker Abel Ferrara got his start at Rockland Community College". lohud.com. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
5. Dawson, Nick (October 18, 2008). "Abel Ferrara, Mary". Filmmaker Magazine. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
6. "Seven nights with Abel Ferrara". American Cinematheque. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
7. Paszylk, Bartlomiej (March 9, 2009). "The Driller Killer". The Pleasure and Pain of Cult Horror Films: An Historical Survey. McFarland. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-7864-3695-8.
8. "Abel Ferrara: 'I made Scarface look like Mary Poppins'". The Guardian (Interview). August 5, 2010. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
9. "Video Nasties". bbfc.co.uk. British Board of Film Classification. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
10. . timeout.com. August 22, 2015. Archived from the original on August 22, 2015. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
11. "Fear City (1984)", Rotten Tomatoes, retrieved December 4, 2019
12. "Crime Story. 1986. Directed by Abel Ferrara". MOMA.org. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
13. "Abel Ferrara Interview". artinterviews.com. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
14. Ebert, Roger. "King Of New York Movie Review (1990)". rogerebert.com. Roger Ebert. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
15. Zoe Tamerlis on the script of "Bad Lieutenant", archived from the original on December 12, 2021, retrieved September 9, 2019 – via YouTube
16. "13 Great Facts About Bad Lieutenant". mentalfloss.com. November 20, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
17. Roger Ebert & The Movies (show #1426), 26 February 2000 April 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Rogerebert.suntimes.com. Retrieved on 2012-04-15.
18. "The Addiction (1995): Awards". Allmovie.com. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
19. "The Funeral (1996)". Allmovie.com. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
20. "Conan O'Brien Names Director Abel Ferrara His Worst Guest in 25 Years — Here's Why". December 3, 2018.
21. Righelato, Rowan (November 30, 2016). "The Driller Killer and the humanist behind the blood and sickening crunch". The Guardian. Retrieved March 24, 2022.
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25. Ferrara, Abel (August 5, 2010). "Abel Ferrara: 'I made Scarface look like Mary Poppins'". The Guardian. Interviewed by Andrew Purcell. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
26. "Werner Herzog's Bad Lieutenant joins Venice film festival contenders". the Guardian. July 30, 2009. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
27. Brown, Mark (July 30, 2009). "Werner Herzog's Bad Lieutenant joins Venice film festival contenders". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
28. . Venice. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved August 28, 2011.
29. Donadio, Rachel (May 18, 2014). "Cannes Film Festival: Strauss-Kahn Film Under Fire". The New York Times. Retrieved June 15, 2014.
30. Child, Ben (February 6, 2012). "Gerard Depardieu to star in film inspired by Dominique Strauss-Kahn". The Guardian. London. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
31. "Director Abel Ferrara on Mysterious 1975 Death of Pier Paolo Pasolini: 'I Know Who Killed Him'". The Hollywood Reporter. March 28, 2014. Retrieved June 15, 2014.
32. Fleming, Mike Jr. (May 14, 2015). "He's Back! Abel Ferrara To Launch Willem Dafoe-Starrer 'Siberia' On Croisette". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
33. Rife, Katie (May 14, 2015). "Get Involved, Internet: Help Abel Ferrara and Willem Dafoe make a movie about dreams". The A.V. Club. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
34. Encinias, Joshua (June 4, 2020). "Abel Ferrara on Filmmaking in Quarantine and the Spiritual Quest of Tommaso". Retrieved June 12, 2023.
35. "Abel Ferrara reads Gabriele Tinti's poems at the Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan". February 11, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2023.
36. "Abel Ferrara reads Gabriele Tinti's poems". Retrieved September 7, 2023.
37. Kiang, Jessica (August 14, 2021). "Golden Leopard Winner 'Vengeance is Mine, All Others Pay Cash' Heads Impressive Slate Of Locarno Awards". Variety. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
38. Vlessing, Etan (January 21, 2020). "Abel Ferrara's 'Tommaso,' 'The Projectionist' Land at Kino Lorber (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
39. Shoard, Catherine (May 18, 2015). "Abel Ferrera turns to Kickstarter: 'I'm gonna hurt people with this film'". The Guardian. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
40. Maslin, Janet (November 19, 1993). "Review/Film; A Movie Within a Movie, With a Demure Madonna". The New York Times. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
41. "Abel Ferrara Biography (1952?-)". Film Reference. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
42. Hoban, Phoebe (February 1, 1993). "Raising Cain". New York. Retrieved December 23, 2016.
43. Macnab, Geoffrey (March 3, 2012). "Willem Dafoe: 'I have a charmed life'". The Independent. from the original on March 5, 2012. Retrieved August 20, 2017.
44. Hoberman, J. (March 19, 2012). "Home for the End of Days". New York. Retrieved August 20, 2017.
45. Righelato, Rowan (September 11, 2015). "Abel Ferrara: 'Pasolini's death is not some kind of fictional event'". The Guardian. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
46. Lim, Dennis (October 10, 2008). "Struggling With Faith and Gentrification". The New York Times. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
47. Shoard, Catherine (May 23, 2014). "Abel Ferrara at Cannes: 'You gotta be careful what you say … but I'm not'". The Guardian. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
48. Gray, Carmen (November 12, 2014). "The spiritual side of Abel Ferrara". Dazed.
49. Bukuras, Joe (August 30, 2022). "From porn to 'Padre Pio': Meet the director who felt drawn to tell the saint's story". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved September 23, 2022.
50. Solero, Elettra (November 18, 2022). "Abel Ferrara: Padre Pio è il mio modello di spiritualità". Dipiù (in Italian). No. 46. pp. 69–70.
51. "Abel Ferrara Interview". www.artinterviews.com. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
52. cryptekeeper (December 3, 2012). "Cryptekeeper 041 Abel Ferrara/4H44 dernier jour sur terre". Archived from the original on December 12, 2021 – via YouTube.
53. Kasman, Daniel (June 7, 2014). "The Pursuit of Freedom: Abel Ferrara Discusses "Welcome to New York"". Retrieved October 6, 2015.
54. Carli, Vittorio. "Abel Ferrara Interview". Retrieved October 6, 2015.
55. Hopewell, John (August 16, 2013). "Ferrara, Dafoe Re-team for 'Pasolini'". Variety. Retrieved June 15, 2014.
56. "Home - Buon Lavoro - Il film". Buon Lavoro - Il film.
57. Cox, Gordon (August 23, 2017). "Vanessa Redgrave, Alex Gibney, Griffin Dunne Documentaries Join New York Film Festival Slate (EXCLUSIVE)".
58. Murthi, Vikram (December 19, 2016). "Isabelle Huppert, Nicolas Cage and Willem Dafoe Star in Abel Ferrara's New Film 'Siberia'". IndieWire. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
59. Bramesco, Charles (April 23, 2019). "he Projectionist review – Abel Ferrara's wistful, indulgent ode to cinema". The Guardian. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
60. Tartaglione, Nancy (July 28, 2020). "Venice Film Festival 2020: Competition Light On Studios, Strong On Global Arthouse & Women Directors – Full List". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
61. Ruilova, Aïda (February 13, 2013). "Abel Ferrara". Interview.
62. Dee, Jake (January 7, 2014). "Dissecting Director Abel Ferrara!".
63. "Indie Filmmaker Abel Ferrara Will Bring Short Eyes Back to Broadway". February 24, 2010.
64. Vestby, Ethan (December 9, 2013). "Abel Ferrara On Artistic Freedom, Collaboration, 'Ms. 45,' Pier Paolo Pasolini & More". thefilmstage.com.
65. Hillis, Aaron (February 26, 2009). "Gretchen Mol Indulges in "An American Affair"". Ifc.com.
66. Nastasi, Alison (19 November 2009). . Moviefone. Archived from the original on 10 December 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
67. Louison, Evan (May 22, 2019). ""Filmmaking is Like Combat — 90% Boredom, 5% Panic and 5% Terror": Ken Kelsch on Four Decades as a Cinematographer". Filmmaker Magazine. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
68. "1998 (novena edición) : Los Catacric y los YoGa". Retrieved September 9, 2019.

External links

•  Biography portal

•   Media related to Abel Ferrara at Wikimedia Commons
• Abel Ferrara at IMDb
• Guardian interview, 5 August 2010