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Abbey Road Studios

December 31, 2022

"EMI Studios" redirects here. For the film studios, see EMI-Elstree Studios.

Abbey Road Studios (formerly EMI Recording Studios) is a recording studio at 3 Abbey Road, St John's Wood, City of Westminster, London, England.[5] It was established in November 1931 by the Gramophone Company, a predecessor of British music company EMI, which owned it until Universal Music Group (UMG) took control of part of it in 2013. It is ultimately owned by UMG subsidiary Virgin Records Limited (until 2013 by EMI Records Limited, nowadays known as Parlophone Records and owned by UMG's competitor Warner Music Group).

Abbey Road Studios
Abbey Road Studios in December 2005
FormerlyEMI Recording Studios
TypeRecording studio
IndustryMusic
FoundedNovember 12, 1931; 91 years ago (1931-11-12)[1]
FounderGramophone Company
HeadquartersSt John's Wood, City of Westminster, London, England
ParentUniversal Music Group
Websiteabbeyroad.com
Abbey Road Studios
Built1829; 193 years ago (1829)[2]
Architectural style(s)Georgian
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameAbbey Road Studios
Designated23 February 2010
Reference no.1393688[3]
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameZebra crossing near Abbey Road Studios
Designated21 December 2010
Reference no.1396390[4]

The studio's most notable client was the Beatles, who used the studio – particularly its Studio Two room – as the venue for many of the innovative recording techniques that they adopted throughout the 1960s. In 1976, the studio was renamed from EMI in honour of their final recorded album, Abbey Road.

In 2009, Abbey Road came under threat of sale to property developers. In response, the British Government protected the site, granting it English Heritage Grade II listed status in 2010, thereby preserving the building from any major alterations.[6]

History

1920s–1940s

Originally a nine-bedroom Georgian townhouse built in 1831 on the footpath leading to Kilburn Abbey, the building was later converted to flats where the best-known resident was Maundy Gregory, who was famous (or infamous) for selling political honours.

In 1929, the Gramophone Company acquired the premises. The property benefited from a large garden behind the townhouse, which permitted a much larger building to be constructed to the rear; thus, the Georgian façade belies the true dimension of the building. Three purpose-built studios were constructed and the existing house was adapted for use as administration offices. Pathé filmed the opening of the studios in November 1931 when Edward Elgar conducted the London Symphony Orchestra in recording sessions of his music.[7][8] In 1934, the inventor of stereo sound, Alan Blumlein, recorded Mozart's Jupiter Symphony which was conducted by Thomas Beecham at the studios.[9]

The neighbouring house is also owned by the studio and used to accommodate musicians. During the mid-20th century, the studio was extensively used by British conductor Sir Malcolm Sargent, whose house was located near the studio building.[10]

The Gramophone Company merged with Columbia Graphophone Company to form Electric and Musical Industries (EMI) in 1931, and the studios later became known as EMI Recording Studios.[11] In 1936 cellist Pablo Casals became the first to record Johann Sebastian Bach's Cello Suites No. 1 & 2 at the command of EMI head Fred Gaisberg. The recordings went on to spur a revolution among Bach aficionados and cellists alike.[12] "Fats" Waller played the Compton organ there.

Glenn Miller recorded at the Abbey Road studios during the war, when he was based in the United Kingdom.[13]

1950s–1970s

 
Pianos used by many recording artists over the years in Studio Two of Abbey Road Studios.

In 1958, Studio Two at EMI became a centre for rock and roll music when Cliff Richard and the Drifters (later Cliff Richard and the Shadows) recorded "Move It" there,[14] and later pop music material.

EMI is closely associated with the Beatles, who recorded almost all of their albums and hits there between 1962 and 1970 using the four-track REDD mixing console designed by Peter K. Burkowitz.[15] The Beatles named their 1969 album Abbey Road.[16][17][18] Iain Macmillan took the album's cover photograph outside the studios, with the result that the nearby zebra crossing has become a place of pilgrimage for Beatles fans. It has been a tradition for visitors to pay homage to the band by writing on the wall in front of the building even though it is painted over every three months.[19] In December 2010, the zebra crossing at Abbey Road was given a Grade II listed status.[20]

After becoming the studio's general manager in 1974, Ken Townsend began a rebranding effort to capitalise on the studio's connection with the Beatles. To emphasise the studio's independence, Townsend commissioned artist Alan Brown to design a unique logo and in 1976 the facility officially changed names from EMI Studios to Abbey Road Studios.[21][22][a] Having previously been mostly restricted to UK-based EMI acts, the studio's name-change served the added purpose of encouraging non-EMI acts to record at the studio.[21][22]

Notable producers and sound engineers who have worked at Abbey Road include Fred Gaisberg (who had first recorded Enrico Caruso in Milan in 1902, and had set up the first recording studio in London at Maiden Lane in 1898), Walter Legge, George Martin, Geoff Emerick, Norman "Hurricane" Smith, Ken Scott, Mike Stone, Alan Parsons, Peter Vince, Malcolm Addey, Peter Bown, Richard Langham, Phil McDonald, John Kurlander, Richard Lush and Ken Townsend, who invented the studio effect known as automatic double tracking (ADT). The chief mastering engineer at Abbey Road was Chris "Vinyl" Blair, who started his career as a tape deck operator.

In 1979, EMI commissioned the British jazz fusion band Morrissey-Mullen to record Britain's first digitally recorded single record at Abbey Road Studios.[24][25]

1980s–2010s

 
 
 
 
Abbey Road has become a London tourist attraction, with the studio erecting Beatles lyric-themed signs encouraging fans to keep graffiti to the studio's property.

Abbey Road Studios got its start in the film scoring business in 1980 when Anvil Post Production formed a partnership with the studio, called Anvil-Abbey Road Screen Sound. The partnership started when Anvil was left without a scoring stage when Denham Studios were demolished. It ended in 1984 when EMI merged with Thorn Electrical Industries to become Thorn EMI. Abbey Road's success in the scoring business continued after the partnership ended.[citation needed]

From 18 July to 11 September 1983, the public had a rare opportunity to see inside the Studio Two room, where the Beatles made most of their records. While a new mixing console was being installed in the control room, the studio was used to host a video presentation called The Beatles at Abbey Road. The soundtrack to the video had a number of recordings that were not made commercially available until the release of The Beatles Anthology project over a decade later.[26]

In September 2012, with the takeover of EMI, the studio became the property of Universal Music. It was not one of the entities that were sold to Warner Music as part of Parlophone and instead the control of Abbey Road Studios Ltd was transferred to Virgin Records.

Controversy over sale

On 17 February 2010, it was reported that EMI had put the studios up for sale because of increasing debts. There was reported interest by property developers in redeveloping the site into luxury flats.[27] It had also been reported there was a possibility the studios could be purchased by the National Trust[28] to preserve what was in effect a historical building. A Save Abbey Road Studios campaign attempted to ensure the premises remained a working studio.[29]

On 21 February 2010, EMI stated it planned to keep the studio and was looking for an investor to help finance a "revitalization" project.[30][31] Meanwhile, the British government declared Abbey Road Studios a Grade II listed building which protected it from major alteration.[31][32] The following December, the pedestrian crossing at Abbey Road was listed on the National Heritage List.[33]

Paul McCartney, speaking to BBC Newsnight on 16 February 2010, said there had been efforts to save Abbey Road by "a few people who have been associated with the studio for a long time," although he did not name them or include himself among them. "I have so many memories there with the Beatles," McCartney said, "It still is a great studio. So it would be lovely for someone to get a thing together to save it."[34]

Abbey Road Institute

In March 2015, Abbey Road Institute was founded as a school for music production and audio engineering.[35] In addition to the London location, Abbey Road Institute offers education globally with schools in Amsterdam, Frankfurt, Johannesburg, Miami, Paris and Sydney.[36] All of the campuses offer the same course, the Advanced Diploma in Music Production and Sound Engineering, which has been developed in collaboration with industry leaders and the team at Abbey Road Studios. Some campuses offer additional short courses, including Portfolio Preparation, Song Production Masterclass, Music theory Fundamentals for Producers amongst others. In April 2021, Abbey Road Institute London announced it would be expanding and moving into the currently closed Angel Recording Studios in the summer of 2021.

If These Walls Could Sing

If These Walls Could Sing is a 2022 British documentary film directed by Mary McCartney, in her feature documentary debut, about the history of Abbey Road Studios in London and the experiences and memories of the musicians who have played there.

Notes

  1. ^ A 2012 article in Sound on Sound magazine instead dates the name change to 1970.[23]

References

  1. ^ "Our Story". Abbey Road. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  2. ^ "About us – Abbey Road Studios". Abbey Road. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  3. ^ Historic England. "Abbey Road Studios (1393688)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
  4. ^ Historic England. "Zebra crossing near Abbey Road Studios (1396390)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  5. ^ . Abbey Road Studios; EMI Records Limited. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2011.
  6. ^ "Abbey Road studios given listed building status". BBC News. 23 February 2010. from the original on 14 June 2022. Retrieved 19 August 2011.
  7. ^ "Recording the Star Wars Saga" 9 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 4 August 2012.
  8. ^ . 1931. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2016 – via YouTube.
  9. ^ "Early stereo recordings restored". 1 August 2008. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  10. ^ Discography in Sir Malcolm Sargent: a Tribute.
  11. ^ Hewitt, Paolo (24 May 2000). "One for the road". The Guardian. from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  12. ^ Siblin, Eric (4 January 2011). The Cello Suites: J. S. Bach, Pablo Casals, and the Search for a Baroque Masterpiece. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. p. unstated. ISBN 978-1-74237-159-7. from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2016 – via Google Books.
  13. ^ Visit Abbey Road. "1940s" 19 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Abbeyroad.com (16 September 1944). Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  14. ^ "EMI puts Abbey Road up for sale: Ten things you need to know about the iconic recording studio". The Mirror. London. 16 February 2010. from the original on 28 July 2014.
  15. ^ Peter Karl Burkowitz 1920–2012 13 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Obituary by the AES
  16. ^ "Abbey Road Studios, London". www.soundonsound.com. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  17. ^ Lancy, Justin (23 October 2014). "The Technical Constraints That Made Abbey Road So Good". The Atlantic. from the original on 23 October 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  18. ^ Atkinson, Peter (2015). "Abbey Road Studios, the Tourist, and Beatles Heritage". Relocating Popular Music. pp. 129–147. doi:10.1057/9781137463388_7. ISBN 978-1-349-69057-2.
  19. ^ Pollard, Lawrence (7 August 2009). "Revisiting Abbey Road 40 Years On". BBC. from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2010.
  20. ^ Taylor, Matthew (2 January 2011). "Housing minister tries to save Ringo Starr's childhood home". The Guardian. London. from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2011.
  21. ^ a b Womack 2019, pp. 237–238.
  22. ^ a b Womack, Kenneth (25 September 2019). "The Legacy of Abbey Road: Rebranding EMI Studios for the Ages with Ken Townsend". Cornell University Press. from the original on 15 February 2022. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
  23. ^ Bieger, Hannes (November 2012). "Abbey Road Studios, London". Sound on Sound.
  24. ^ Gramophone AUDIO NEWS: "EMI digital recording" July 1979. Retrieved 19 August 2010. "EMI digital recording". Archived from the original on 1 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  25. ^ Inc, Nielsen Business Media (26 May 1979). Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc.
  26. ^ The Beatles Book July & August 1983.
  27. ^ Smyth, Chris; Power, Helen (17 February 2010). "End for Abbey Road? EMI puts Beatles' studios up for sale at £30m". The Times. London. from the original on 14 June 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  28. ^ TJ. . Nationaltrust.org.uk. Archived from the original on 17 August 2010. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
  29. ^ . Save Abbey Road Studios!. February 2010. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010.
  30. ^ "Abbey Road studios 'not for sale,' says EMI". BBC News. 21 February 2010. from the original on 22 February 2010. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  31. ^ a b "Abbey Road studios to be listed by British authorities". The Independent. 27 February 2010. from the original on 26 July 2014.
  32. ^ "Abbey Road Studios Grade II Listed". The National Heritage List for England. 23 February 2010. 1393688. from the original on 27 July 2014.
  33. ^ . The Independent. 23 December 2010. Archived from the original on 26 July 2014.
  34. ^ Sisario, Ben (18 February 2010). "McCartney Expresses Hopes for Abbey Road". The New York Times. from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
  35. ^ "Abbey Road Studios opens school of music production and sound engineering". factmag.com. 19 March 2015. from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  36. ^ Siddique, Haroon (19 March 2015). "Music institute opens in Beatles' Abbey Road Studios". The Guardian. from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2016.

Sources

Further reading

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Abbey Road Studios.
  • Invention of Stereo Sound in 1931
  • Abbey Road Studios — official site
  • Google presents Inside Abbey Road
  • Abbey Road Institute

Coordinates: 51°31′55″N 0°10′42″W / 51.53194°N 0.17833°W / 51.53194; -0.17833

December 31, 2022
abbey, road, studios, studios, redirects, here, film, studios, elstree, studios, formerly, recording, studios, recording, studio, abbey, road, john, wood, city, westminster, london, england, established, november, 1931, gramophone, company, predecessor, britis. EMI Studios redirects here For the film studios see EMI Elstree Studios Abbey Road Studios formerly EMI Recording Studios is a recording studio at 3 Abbey Road St John s Wood City of Westminster London England 5 It was established in November 1931 by the Gramophone Company a predecessor of British music company EMI which owned it until Universal Music Group UMG took control of part of it in 2013 It is ultimately owned by UMG subsidiary Virgin Records Limited until 2013 by EMI Records Limited nowadays known as Parlophone Records and owned by UMG s competitor Warner Music Group Abbey Road StudiosAbbey Road Studios in December 2005FormerlyEMI Recording StudiosTypeRecording studioIndustryMusicFoundedNovember 12 1931 91 years ago 1931 11 12 1 FounderGramophone CompanyHeadquartersSt John s Wood City of Westminster London EnglandParentUniversal Music GroupWebsiteabbeyroad wbr comAbbey Road StudiosBuilt1829 193 years ago 1829 2 Architectural style s GeorgianListed Building Grade IIOfficial nameAbbey Road StudiosDesignated23 February 2010Reference no 1393688 3 Listed Building Grade IIOfficial nameZebra crossing near Abbey Road StudiosDesignated21 December 2010Reference no 1396390 4 The studio s most notable client was the Beatles who used the studio particularly its Studio Two room as the venue for many of the innovative recording techniques that they adopted throughout the 1960s In 1976 the studio was renamed from EMI in honour of their final recorded album Abbey Road In 2009 Abbey Road came under threat of sale to property developers In response the British Government protected the site granting it English Heritage Grade II listed status in 2010 thereby preserving the building from any major alterations 6 Contents 1 History 1 1 1920s 1940s 1 2 1950s 1970s 1 3 1980s 2010s 2 Controversy over sale 3 Abbey Road Institute 4 If These Walls Could Sing 5 Notes 6 References 6 1 Sources 7 Further reading 8 External linksHistory Edit1920s 1940s Edit Originally a nine bedroom Georgian townhouse built in 1831 on the footpath leading to Kilburn Abbey the building was later converted to flats where the best known resident was Maundy Gregory who was famous or infamous for selling political honours In 1929 the Gramophone Company acquired the premises The property benefited from a large garden behind the townhouse which permitted a much larger building to be constructed to the rear thus the Georgian facade belies the true dimension of the building Three purpose built studios were constructed and the existing house was adapted for use as administration offices Pathe filmed the opening of the studios in November 1931 when Edward Elgar conducted the London Symphony Orchestra in recording sessions of his music 7 8 In 1934 the inventor of stereo sound Alan Blumlein recorded Mozart s Jupiter Symphony which was conducted by Thomas Beecham at the studios 9 The neighbouring house is also owned by the studio and used to accommodate musicians During the mid 20th century the studio was extensively used by British conductor Sir Malcolm Sargent whose house was located near the studio building 10 The Gramophone Company merged with Columbia Graphophone Company to form Electric and Musical Industries EMI in 1931 and the studios later became known as EMI Recording Studios 11 In 1936 cellist Pablo Casals became the first to record Johann Sebastian Bach s Cello Suites No 1 amp 2 at the command of EMI head Fred Gaisberg The recordings went on to spur a revolution among Bach aficionados and cellists alike 12 Fats Waller played the Compton organ there Glenn Miller recorded at the Abbey Road studios during the war when he was based in the United Kingdom 13 1950s 1970s Edit Pianos used by many recording artists over the years in Studio Two of Abbey Road Studios In 1958 Studio Two at EMI became a centre for rock and roll music when Cliff Richard and the Drifters later Cliff Richard and the Shadows recorded Move It there 14 and later pop music material EMI is closely associated with the Beatles who recorded almost all of their albums and hits there between 1962 and 1970 using the four track REDD mixing console designed by Peter K Burkowitz 15 The Beatles named their 1969 album Abbey Road 16 17 18 Iain Macmillan took the album s cover photograph outside the studios with the result that the nearby zebra crossing has become a place of pilgrimage for Beatles fans It has been a tradition for visitors to pay homage to the band by writing on the wall in front of the building even though it is painted over every three months 19 In December 2010 the zebra crossing at Abbey Road was given a Grade II listed status 20 After becoming the studio s general manager in 1974 Ken Townsend began a rebranding effort to capitalise on the studio s connection with the Beatles To emphasise the studio s independence Townsend commissioned artist Alan Brown to design a unique logo and in 1976 the facility officially changed names from EMI Studios to Abbey Road Studios 21 22 a Having previously been mostly restricted to UK based EMI acts the studio s name change served the added purpose of encouraging non EMI acts to record at the studio 21 22 Notable producers and sound engineers who have worked at Abbey Road include Fred Gaisberg who had first recorded Enrico Caruso in Milan in 1902 and had set up the first recording studio in London at Maiden Lane in 1898 Walter Legge George Martin Geoff Emerick Norman Hurricane Smith Ken Scott Mike Stone Alan Parsons Peter Vince Malcolm Addey Peter Bown Richard Langham Phil McDonald John Kurlander Richard Lush and Ken Townsend who invented the studio effect known as automatic double tracking ADT The chief mastering engineer at Abbey Road was Chris Vinyl Blair who started his career as a tape deck operator In 1979 EMI commissioned the British jazz fusion band Morrissey Mullen to record Britain s first digitally recorded single record at Abbey Road Studios 24 25 1980s 2010s Edit Abbey Road has become a London tourist attraction with the studio erecting Beatles lyric themed signs encouraging fans to keep graffiti to the studio s property Abbey Road Studios got its start in the film scoring business in 1980 when Anvil Post Production formed a partnership with the studio called Anvil Abbey Road Screen Sound The partnership started when Anvil was left without a scoring stage when Denham Studios were demolished It ended in 1984 when EMI merged with Thorn Electrical Industries to become Thorn EMI Abbey Road s success in the scoring business continued after the partnership ended citation needed From 18 July to 11 September 1983 the public had a rare opportunity to see inside the Studio Two room where the Beatles made most of their records While a new mixing console was being installed in the control room the studio was used to host a video presentation called The Beatles at Abbey Road The soundtrack to the video had a number of recordings that were not made commercially available until the release of The Beatles Anthology project over a decade later 26 In September 2012 with the takeover of EMI the studio became the property of Universal Music It was not one of the entities that were sold to Warner Music as part of Parlophone and instead the control of Abbey Road Studios Ltd was transferred to Virgin Records Controversy over sale EditOn 17 February 2010 it was reported that EMI had put the studios up for sale because of increasing debts There was reported interest by property developers in redeveloping the site into luxury flats 27 It had also been reported there was a possibility the studios could be purchased by the National Trust 28 to preserve what was in effect a historical building A Save Abbey Road Studios campaign attempted to ensure the premises remained a working studio 29 On 21 February 2010 EMI stated it planned to keep the studio and was looking for an investor to help finance a revitalization project 30 31 Meanwhile the British government declared Abbey Road Studios a Grade II listed building which protected it from major alteration 31 32 The following December the pedestrian crossing at Abbey Road was listed on the National Heritage List 33 Paul McCartney speaking to BBC Newsnight on 16 February 2010 said there had been efforts to save Abbey Road by a few people who have been associated with the studio for a long time although he did not name them or include himself among them I have so many memories there with the Beatles McCartney said It still is a great studio So it would be lovely for someone to get a thing together to save it 34 Abbey Road Institute EditIn March 2015 Abbey Road Institute was founded as a school for music production and audio engineering 35 In addition to the London location Abbey Road Institute offers education globally with schools in Amsterdam Frankfurt Johannesburg Miami Paris and Sydney 36 All of the campuses offer the same course the Advanced Diploma in Music Production and Sound Engineering which has been developed in collaboration with industry leaders and the team at Abbey Road Studios Some campuses offer additional short courses including Portfolio Preparation Song Production Masterclass Music theory Fundamentals for Producers amongst others In April 2021 Abbey Road Institute London announced it would be expanding and moving into the currently closed Angel Recording Studios in the summer of 2021 If These Walls Could Sing EditIf These Walls Could Sing is a 2022 British documentary film directed by Mary McCartney in her feature documentary debut about the history of Abbey Road Studios in London and the experiences and memories of the musicians who have played there Notes Edit A 2012 article in Sound on Sound magazine instead dates the name change to 1970 23 References Edit Our Story Abbey Road Retrieved 6 July 2022 About us Abbey Road Studios Abbey Road Retrieved 6 July 2022 Historic England Abbey Road Studios 1393688 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 18 May 2018 Historic England Zebra crossing near Abbey Road Studios 1396390 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 5 October 2021 Studio 1 Abbey Road Studios EMI Records Limited Archived from the original on 14 July 2011 Retrieved 19 August 2011 Abbey Road studios given listed building status BBC News 23 February 2010 Archived from the original on 14 June 2022 Retrieved 19 August 2011 Recording the Star Wars Saga Archived 9 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 4 August 2012 Sir Edward Elgar Master of the King s Music Land of hope amp glory 1931 Archived from the original on 8 August 2017 Retrieved 27 November 2016 via YouTube Early stereo recordings restored 1 August 2008 Retrieved 23 December 2022 Discography in Sir Malcolm Sargent a Tribute Hewitt Paolo 24 May 2000 One for the road The Guardian Archived from the original on 8 March 2021 Retrieved 25 April 2018 Siblin Eric 4 January 2011 The Cello Suites J S Bach Pablo Casals and the Search for a Baroque Masterpiece Crows Nest New South Wales Allen amp Unwin p unstated ISBN 978 1 74237 159 7 Archived from the original on 24 July 2020 Retrieved 17 October 2016 via Google Books Visit Abbey Road 1940s Archived 19 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine Abbeyroad com 16 September 1944 Retrieved 29 July 2011 EMI puts Abbey Road up for sale Ten things you need to know about the iconic recording studio The Mirror London 16 February 2010 Archived from the original on 28 July 2014 Peter Karl Burkowitz 1920 2012 Archived 13 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Obituary by the AES Abbey Road Studios London www soundonsound com Retrieved 23 December 2022 Lancy Justin 23 October 2014 The Technical Constraints That Made Abbey Road So Good The Atlantic Archived from the original on 23 October 2014 Retrieved 14 February 2019 Atkinson Peter 2015 Abbey Road Studios the Tourist and Beatles Heritage Relocating Popular Music pp 129 147 doi 10 1057 9781137463388 7 ISBN 978 1 349 69057 2 Pollard Lawrence 7 August 2009 Revisiting Abbey Road 40 Years On BBC Archived from the original on 18 December 2020 Retrieved 2 November 2010 Taylor Matthew 2 January 2011 Housing minister tries to save Ringo Starr s childhood home The Guardian London Archived from the original on 8 March 2021 Retrieved 19 August 2011 a b Womack 2019 pp 237 238 a b Womack Kenneth 25 September 2019 The Legacy of Abbey Road Rebranding EMI Studios for the Ages with Ken Townsend Cornell University Press Archived from the original on 15 February 2022 Retrieved 30 May 2022 Bieger Hannes November 2012 Abbey Road Studios London Sound on Sound Gramophone AUDIO NEWS EMI digital recording July 1979 Retrieved 19 August 2010 EMI digital recording Archived from the original on 1 August 2012 Retrieved 25 August 2016 Inc Nielsen Business Media 26 May 1979 Billboard Nielsen Business Media Inc The Beatles Book July amp August 1983 Smyth Chris Power Helen 17 February 2010 End for Abbey Road EMI puts Beatles studios up for sale at 30m The Times London Archived from the original on 14 June 2022 Retrieved 19 February 2010 TJ Should the National Trust save Abbey Road Studios Nationaltrust org uk Archived from the original on 17 August 2010 Retrieved 19 September 2010 Stop the legendary studios becoming luxury flats Save Abbey Road Studios February 2010 Archived from the original on 24 February 2010 Abbey Road studios not for sale says EMI BBC News 21 February 2010 Archived from the original on 22 February 2010 Retrieved 20 February 2010 a b Abbey Road studios to be listed by British authorities The Independent 27 February 2010 Archived from the original on 26 July 2014 Abbey Road Studios Grade II Listed The National Heritage List for England 23 February 2010 1393688 Archived from the original on 27 July 2014 Beatles Abbey Road crossing given heritage status The Independent 23 December 2010 Archived from the original on 26 July 2014 Sisario Ben 18 February 2010 McCartney Expresses Hopes for Abbey Road The New York Times Archived from the original on 8 March 2021 Retrieved 27 March 2010 Abbey Road Studios opens school of music production and sound engineering factmag com 19 March 2015 Archived from the original on 8 November 2020 Retrieved 25 January 2017 Siddique Haroon 19 March 2015 Music institute opens in Beatles Abbey Road Studios The Guardian Archived from the original on 8 March 2021 Retrieved 2 September 2016 Sources Edit Womack Kenneth 2019 Solid State The Story ofAbbey Roadand the End of the Beatles Ithaca New York Cornell University Press ISBN 978 1 5017 4685 7 Archived from the original on 22 August 2021 Retrieved 14 June 2022 Further reading EditLawrence Alistair 2012 Abbey Road The Best Studio in the World New York Bloomsbury ISBN 978 1 60819 999 0 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Abbey Road Studios Invention of Stereo Sound in 1931 Abbey Road Studios official site Google presents Inside Abbey Road Abbey Road Institute Coordinates 51 31 55 N 0 10 42 W 51 53194 N 0 17833 W 51 53194 0 17833 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Abbey Road Studios amp oldid 1129007162, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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