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Article 19

December 14, 2023

Article 19 (stylised ARTICLE 19) is an international human rights organisation that works to defend and promote freedom of expression and freedom of information worldwide. It was founded in 1987.[1] The organisation takes its name from Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states:

ARTICLE 19
Founded5 February 1987 (1987-02-05)
Founder
TypeInternational nongovernmental organisation
Registration no.Charity number 327421
FocusFreedom of expression and freedom of information
Location
  • London, UK
Coordinates51°31′25″N 0°6′29″W / 51.52361°N 0.10806°W / 51.52361; -0.10806
Key people
Quinn McKew
(Executive Director)
Revenue
£7,014,478 (2016)
Employees
100+
Websitewww.article19.org

Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; the right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers.

Activities edit

ARTICLE 19 monitors threats to free expression around the globe; lobbies governments to adopt laws that conform to international standards of freedom of expression; and drafts legal standards that strengthen media, public broadcasting, free expression, and access to government-held information. The Law Programme also produces legal analysis and critiques of national laws, including media laws. In addition, ARTICLE 19 intervenes in cases of individuals or groups whose rights have been violated; and provides capacity-building support to non-governmental organisations, judges and lawyers, journalists, media owners, media lawyers, public officials and parliamentarians.

ARTICLE 19's work is organised into five regional programmes — Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East — a law programme, and a digital programme. It has over 100 staff and regional offices in Bangladesh, Brazil, Kenya, Mexico, Myanmar, Senegal, and Tunisia. It works in partnership with nearly 100 organisations in more than 60 countries around the world.[2]

Coalitions edit

ARTICLE 19 is a founding member of the International Freedom of Expression Exchange (IFEX), a clearinghouse for a global network of non-governmental organisations that monitor free expression violations worldwide. It is also a member of the Tunisia Monitoring Group, a coalition of 21 free expression organisations that lobbied the Tunisian government to improve its human rights record.[3] And it is the coordinator of the International Partnership Group for Azerbaijan (IPGA), a coalition of international organisations working to promote and protect freedom of expression in Azerbaijan.

ARTICLE 19 is a founding member of the Freedom of Information Advocates (FOIA) Network, a global forum that aims to support campaigning, advocacy and fundraising on access to information through the exchange of information, ideas and strategies. The FOIA Network also aims to facilitate the formation of regional or international coalitions to address access to information issues.

Description edit

Article 19 1. Everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference. 2. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice. 3. The exercise of the rights provided for in paragraph 2 of this article carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary: (a) For respect of the rights or reputations of others; (b) For the protection of national security or of public order (ordre public), or of public health or morals

Finances edit

ARTICLE 19 lists its regular financial contributors on its website:

Leaders edit

Shortly before his death in 1984, J. Roderick MacArthur established a vision for ARTICLE 19 as a global human rights organisation that would focus on censorship issues.[4] His son Greg MacArthur, director of the J. Roderick MacArthur Foundation, set the wheels in motion for the creation of the organisation inspired by an article from the Universal Declaration of Human rights.[5] Through Aryeh Neier—a lawyer and human rights leader who was formerly the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union (1970–1978) before founding Human Rights Watch in 1978[6] -- Martin Ennals was appointed to realise the idea.[7] Ennals brought his experience from UNESCO, the National Council for Civil Liberties, and the Nobel Prize-winning Amnesty International, and started the ARTICLE 19 organisation in 1986 with a budget around $1,500,000 and a staff of eight with its first executive director Kevin Boyle.[8][9][10][11]

ARTICLE 19 Executive Directors
Kevin Boyle 1987–1989 [8][9]
Frances D'Souza 1989–1999 [4]
Andrew Puddephatt 1999–2004 [12][13][14][15][16]
Agnès Callamard 2004–2013 [17]
Thomas Hughes 2013–2020 [18]
Quinn McKew 2020- [19]

As executive director, Kevin Boyle oversaw the first report that would summarise the current state of censorship on a global scale in a report released in 1988. The ARTICLE 19 report "Information, Freedom and Censorship" established a benchmark from which to move forward. In the report, ARTICLE 19 was critical of the United Kingdom where the government could interfere in the British Broadcasting Company's editorial decisions. Other directors would also criticise the United Kingdom frequently even though the organisation is based in London.[20]

Under the leadership of Boyle, ARTICLE 19 also took up as its first campaign, the defence of one of its own. Among ARTICLE 19's first directors on its board of directors was South African journalist Zwelakhe Sisulu.

ARTICLE 19, International Board of Trustees, 2014–15
Paddy Coulter Chair
Nigel Saxby-Soffe Treasurer
Frank LaRue Trustee
Galina Arapova Trustee
Catherine Smadja Trustee
Lydia Cacho Trustee
Evan Harris Trustee
Kamel Labidi Trustee
Malak Poppovic Trustee

The Sisulu name was well known worldwide as both of his parents were activists against South Africa's Apartheid system. Sisulu himself had established his own reputation as the leader of a press strike by black journalists in 1980. For this activity, he was arrested and banned from journalism for 3 years. After his disappearance in 1986 and after his arrest was made official, ARTICLE 19 took up the case of its own human rights defender.[20] Sisulu was released two years later.[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]

Frances D'Souza,[29] a founder and former director of Relief and Development Institute focusing on famine monitoring and relief operations, became the organisation's second executive director 4 July 1989. She brought with her years of experience as a human rights defender from the field. Among her signature campaigns was the defence of Salman Rushdie after Iran's Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issued a fatwā, or religious ruling, 14 February 1989 based on the charge that the book The Satanic Verses (1988) was a work of blasphemy. The religious ruling was a death sentence. D'Souza became the chairwoman of the Salman Rushdie Defence Committee while also executive director of Article 19 and became the writer's main spokesperson.[30][31]

D'Souza also participated in the drafting of the Johannesburg Principles in 1995.[32]

Location edit

In June 2009, ARTICLE 19 moved to Farringdon Road in London to become part of the Free Word Centre promoting literature, literacy and free expression.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ . IFEX.org. 17 December 2008. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  2. ^ . [BETA] Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD). Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  3. ^ Arabic Network for Human Rights Information (Cairo) (19 February 2012). "Tunisia: IFEX-TMG Concerned By Series of Setbacks". Africa News.
  4. ^ a b Fein, Esther B. (16 August 1992). "Conversations/Frances D'Souza; Working to Nourish Democracy Where Minds Are Being Starved". New York Times. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  5. ^ Saxon, Wolfgang (6 December 2001). "Greg MacArthur, Philanthropist And Green Party Supporter, 53". New York Times. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  6. ^ Fitzgerald, Mary (4 June 2012). "Standing up for the universality of human rights" (interview). Irish Times. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
  7. ^ . Article 19. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
  8. ^ a b Moorehead, Caroline (31 October 1986). "New body set up to attack censorship / Launch of ARTICLE 19 organization". The Times (London).
  9. ^ a b Allemang, John (9 November 1988) [2013-01-26]. "Group fights worldwide censorship". The Globe and Mail (Canada).
  10. ^ Pepinster, Catherine (6 October 1991) [2013-01-26]. "At the forefront of freedom". The Observer.[clarification needed]
  11. ^ "Who was Martin Ennals?". martinennalsaward.org. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  12. ^ Centre for the Study of Human Rights. . London School of Economics. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  13. ^ Barker, Dennis (4 October 1989) [2013-01-31]. "Wednesday People: Champion in the cause of liberty". The Guardian (UK).
  14. ^ Wolmar, Christian (30 October 1989) [2013-01-31]. "Defender of Liberty in a state of decay". The Independent.
  15. ^ Puddephatt, Andrew (24 May 2003) [2013-01-26]. "Letter: Mind your language". The Daily Telegraph.
  16. ^ Puddephatt, Andrew (25 August 2004) [2013-01-26]. "ALERT: Article 19 expresses concern about NGO bill". IFEX. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  17. ^ "Agnes Callamard". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 24 June 2014.
  18. ^ . Article 19. Archived from the original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 24 June 2014.
  19. ^ . Article 19. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
  20. ^ a b "Human Rights: First World Report on Censorship Blasts Britain". Inter Press Service. 23 May 1988 [2013-01-29].
  21. ^ "Black editor abducted / Zwelakhe Sisulu in South Africa". The Guardian (UK). 28 June 1986 [2013-01-29].
  22. ^ "U.S. Editors' Society Urges Pretoria to Free a Journalist". New York Times. Associated Press. 29 June 1986 [2013-01-29].
  23. ^ "Minister frees detained editor / New Nation newspaper editor Sisulu released by South African authorities". The Guardian (UK). 19 July 1986.
  24. ^ Hultman, Tami (5 October 2012). "South Africa: Zwelakhe Sisulu - a Remembrance". AllAfrica. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  25. ^ Findley, Timothy (21 March 1987). "Writing: the pain and the pleasure The power to persuade is mitigated wherever you turn". Toronto Star.
  26. ^ Brittain, Victoria (7 December 1989). "Editor says black South African paper is threatened with closure". The Guardian (UK).
  27. ^ "Tributes paid to 'revolutionary journalist' | Media". BDlive. 5 October 2012. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  28. ^ Sisulu, Zwelakhe (11 December 2008). "Statement by Zwelakhe Sisulu on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the Founding of Article 19" (PDF). Article 19. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  29. ^ Sometimes misspelled as De Souza.
  30. ^ Usborne, David; Jury, Louise; Cornwell, Rupert (25 September 1998). "Secret talks that ended a 10-year ordeal". The Independent (London).
  31. ^ "Review: Publish and be damned: Writers, broadcasters, friends and publishing insiders recall what it was like to be caught up in the most controversial story in recent literary history, The Satanic Verses and the ensuing fatwa against its author, as Salman Rushdie prepares to bring out his eagerly awaited memoir". The Guardian (London). 15 September 2012.
  32. ^ Shamdasani, Ravina (5 December 2002). "Human rights specialist hits out at anti-subversion laws". South China Morning Post (Hong Kong). Retrieved 26 January 2013.

External links edit

December 14, 2023
article, stylised, article, international, human, rights, organisation, that, works, defend, promote, freedom, expression, freedom, information, worldwide, founded, 1987, organisation, takes, name, from, universal, declaration, human, rights, which, states, ar. Article 19 stylised ARTICLE 19 is an international human rights organisation that works to defend and promote freedom of expression and freedom of information worldwide It was founded in 1987 1 The organisation takes its name from Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which states ARTICLE 19Founded5 February 1987 1987 02 05 FounderJ Roderick MacArthurGreg MacArthurAryeh NeierMartin EnnalsTypeInternational nongovernmental organisationRegistration no Charity number 327421FocusFreedom of expression and freedom of informationLocationLondon UKCoordinates51 31 25 N 0 6 29 W 51 52361 N 0 10806 W 51 52361 0 10806Key peopleQuinn McKew Executive Director Revenue 7 014 478 2016 Employees100 Websitewww wbr article19 wbr orgEveryone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression the right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek receive and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers Contents 1 Activities 2 Coalitions 3 Description 3 1 Finances 3 2 Leaders 3 3 Location 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksActivities editARTICLE 19 monitors threats to free expression around the globe lobbies governments to adopt laws that conform to international standards of freedom of expression and drafts legal standards that strengthen media public broadcasting free expression and access to government held information The Law Programme also produces legal analysis and critiques of national laws including media laws In addition ARTICLE 19 intervenes in cases of individuals or groups whose rights have been violated and provides capacity building support to non governmental organisations judges and lawyers journalists media owners media lawyers public officials and parliamentarians ARTICLE 19 s work is organised into five regional programmes Africa Asia Europe Latin America the Middle East a law programme and a digital programme It has over 100 staff and regional offices in Bangladesh Brazil Kenya Mexico Myanmar Senegal and Tunisia It works in partnership with nearly 100 organisations in more than 60 countries around the world 2 Coalitions editARTICLE 19 is a founding member of the International Freedom of Expression Exchange IFEX a clearinghouse for a global network of non governmental organisations that monitor free expression violations worldwide It is also a member of the Tunisia Monitoring Group a coalition of 21 free expression organisations that lobbied the Tunisian government to improve its human rights record 3 And it is the coordinator of the International Partnership Group for Azerbaijan IPGA a coalition of international organisations working to promote and protect freedom of expression in Azerbaijan ARTICLE 19 is a founding member of the Freedom of Information Advocates FOIA Network a global forum that aims to support campaigning advocacy and fundraising on access to information through the exchange of information ideas and strategies The FOIA Network also aims to facilitate the formation of regional or international coalitions to address access to information issues Description editArticle 19 1 Everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference 2 Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression this right shall include freedom to seek receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds regardless of frontiers either orally in writing or in print in the form of art or through any other media of his choice 3 The exercise of the rights provided for in paragraph 2 of this article carries with it special duties and responsibilities It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary a For respect of the rights or reputations of others b For the protection of national security or of public order ordre public or of public health or morals Finances edit ARTICLE 19 lists its regular financial contributors on its website Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency Sida UK Department for International Development DFID Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation The Ford Foundation Fritt Ord Open Society Institute OSI The William and Flora Hewlett FoundationLeaders edit Shortly before his death in 1984 J Roderick MacArthur established a vision for ARTICLE 19 as a global human rights organisation that would focus on censorship issues 4 His son Greg MacArthur director of the J Roderick MacArthur Foundation set the wheels in motion for the creation of the organisation inspired by an article from the Universal Declaration of Human rights 5 Through Aryeh Neier a lawyer and human rights leader who was formerly the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union 1970 1978 before founding Human Rights Watch in 1978 6 Martin Ennals was appointed to realise the idea 7 Ennals brought his experience from UNESCO the National Council for Civil Liberties and the Nobel Prize winning Amnesty International and started the ARTICLE 19 organisation in 1986 with a budget around 1 500 000 and a staff of eight with its first executive director Kevin Boyle 8 9 10 11 ARTICLE 19 Executive DirectorsKevin Boyle 1987 1989 8 9 Frances D Souza 1989 1999 4 Andrew Puddephatt 1999 2004 12 13 14 15 16 Agnes Callamard 2004 2013 17 Thomas Hughes 2013 2020 18 Quinn McKew 2020 19 As executive director Kevin Boyle oversaw the first report that would summarise the current state of censorship on a global scale in a report released in 1988 The ARTICLE 19 report Information Freedom and Censorship established a benchmark from which to move forward In the report ARTICLE 19 was critical of the United Kingdom where the government could interfere in the British Broadcasting Company s editorial decisions Other directors would also criticise the United Kingdom frequently even though the organisation is based in London 20 Under the leadership of Boyle ARTICLE 19 also took up as its first campaign the defence of one of its own Among ARTICLE 19 s first directors on its board of directors was South African journalist Zwelakhe Sisulu ARTICLE 19 International Board of Trustees 2014 15Paddy Coulter ChairNigel Saxby Soffe TreasurerFrank LaRue TrusteeGalina Arapova TrusteeCatherine Smadja TrusteeLydia Cacho TrusteeEvan Harris TrusteeKamel Labidi TrusteeMalak Poppovic TrusteeThe Sisulu name was well known worldwide as both of his parents were activists against South Africa s Apartheid system Sisulu himself had established his own reputation as the leader of a press strike by black journalists in 1980 For this activity he was arrested and banned from journalism for 3 years After his disappearance in 1986 and after his arrest was made official ARTICLE 19 took up the case of its own human rights defender 20 Sisulu was released two years later 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Frances D Souza 29 a founder and former director of Relief and Development Institute focusing on famine monitoring and relief operations became the organisation s second executive director 4 July 1989 She brought with her years of experience as a human rights defender from the field Among her signature campaigns was the defence of Salman Rushdie after Iran s Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issued a fatwa or religious ruling 14 February 1989 based on the charge that the book The Satanic Verses 1988 was a work of blasphemy The religious ruling was a death sentence D Souza became the chairwoman of the Salman Rushdie Defence Committee while also executive director of Article 19 and became the writer s main spokesperson 30 31 D Souza also participated in the drafting of the Johannesburg Principles in 1995 32 Location edit In June 2009 ARTICLE 19 moved to Farringdon Road in London to become part of the Free Word Centre promoting literature literacy and free expression See also editFreedom of information legislation Johannesburg PrinciplesReferences edit Congratulations to ARTICLE 19 for Two Decades of Speaking Out for Free Expression IFEX org 17 December 2008 Archived from the original on 3 July 2017 Retrieved 27 January 2013 ARTICLE 19 BETA Global Forum for Media Development GFMD Archived from the original on 13 May 2021 Retrieved 10 May 2021 Arabic Network for Human Rights Information Cairo 19 February 2012 Tunisia IFEX TMG Concerned By Series of Setbacks Africa News a b Fein Esther B 16 August 1992 Conversations Frances D Souza Working to Nourish Democracy Where Minds Are Being Starved New York Times Retrieved 28 January 2013 Saxon Wolfgang 6 December 2001 Greg MacArthur Philanthropist And Green Party Supporter 53 New York Times Retrieved 28 January 2013 Fitzgerald Mary 4 June 2012 Standing up for the universality of human rights interview Irish Times Retrieved 29 January 2013 History amp Achievements Article 19 Archived from the original on 16 January 2013 Retrieved 29 January 2013 a b Moorehead Caroline 31 October 1986 New body set up to attack censorship Launch of ARTICLE 19 organization The Times London a b Allemang John 9 November 1988 2013 01 26 Group fights worldwide censorship The Globe and Mail Canada Pepinster Catherine 6 October 1991 2013 01 26 At the forefront of freedom The Observer clarification needed Who was Martin Ennals martinennalsaward org Retrieved 26 January 2013 Centre for the Study of Human Rights Andrew Puddephatt London School of Economics Archived from the original on 1 June 2013 Retrieved 26 January 2013 Barker Dennis 4 October 1989 2013 01 31 Wednesday People Champion in the cause of liberty The Guardian UK Wolmar Christian 30 October 1989 2013 01 31 Defender of Liberty in a state of decay The Independent Puddephatt Andrew 24 May 2003 2013 01 26 Letter Mind your language The Daily Telegraph Puddephatt Andrew 25 August 2004 2013 01 26 ALERT Article 19 expresses concern about NGO bill IFEX a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty url help Agnes Callamard The Huffington Post Retrieved 24 June 2014 Executive director Thomas Hughes Article 19 Archived from the original on 25 June 2014 Retrieved 24 June 2014 Article 19 announces Quinn McKew as new executive director Article 19 Archived from the original on 31 March 2022 Retrieved 7 July 2020 a b Human Rights First World Report on Censorship Blasts Britain Inter Press Service 23 May 1988 2013 01 29 Black editor abducted Zwelakhe Sisulu in South Africa The Guardian UK 28 June 1986 2013 01 29 U S Editors Society Urges Pretoria to Free a Journalist New York Times Associated Press 29 June 1986 2013 01 29 Minister frees detained editor New Nation newspaper editor Sisulu released by South African authorities The Guardian UK 19 July 1986 Hultman Tami 5 October 2012 South Africa Zwelakhe Sisulu a Remembrance AllAfrica Retrieved 28 January 2013 Findley Timothy 21 March 1987 Writing the pain and the pleasure The power to persuade is mitigated wherever you turn Toronto Star Brittain Victoria 7 December 1989 Editor says black South African paper is threatened with closure The Guardian UK Tributes paid to revolutionary journalist Media BDlive 5 October 2012 Retrieved 28 January 2013 Sisulu Zwelakhe 11 December 2008 Statement by Zwelakhe Sisulu on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the Founding of Article 19 PDF Article 19 Retrieved 28 January 2013 Sometimes misspelled as De Souza Usborne David Jury Louise Cornwell Rupert 25 September 1998 Secret talks that ended a 10 year ordeal The Independent London Review Publish and be damned Writers broadcasters friends and publishing insiders recall what it was like to be caught up in the most controversial story in recent literary history The Satanic Verses and the ensuing fatwa against its author as Salman Rushdie prepares to bring out his eagerly awaited memoir The Guardian London 15 September 2012 Shamdasani Ravina 5 December 2002 Human rights specialist hits out at anti subversion laws South China Morning Post Hong Kong Retrieved 26 January 2013 External links editOfficial website Article 19 Mexico Article 19 India Article 19 Brasil Free Word Centre International Partnership Group for Azerbaijan Archived 8 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine Article 19 registered charity no 327421 Charity Commission for England and Wales Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Article 19 amp oldid 1183250193, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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