AD 40

AD 40 (XL) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus without colleague (or, less frequently, year 793 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 40 for this year has been used since the Early Middle Ages, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	1st century BC 1st century 2nd century
Decades:	20s 30s 40s 50s 60s
Years:	37 38 39 AD 40 41 42 43

AD 40 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	AD 40 XL
Ab urbe condita	793
Assyrian calendar	4790
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−553
Berber calendar	990
Buddhist calendar	584
Burmese calendar	−598
Byzantine calendar	5548–5549
Chinese calendar	己亥年 (Earth Pig) 2737 or 2530     — to — 庚子年 (Metal Rat) 2738 or 2531
Coptic calendar	−244 – −243
Discordian calendar	1206
Ethiopian calendar	32–33
Hebrew calendar	3800–3801
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	96–97
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	3140–3141
Holocene calendar	10040
Iranian calendar	582 BP – 581 BP
Islamic calendar	600 BH – 599 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	AD 40 XL
Korean calendar	2373
Minguo calendar	1872 before ROC 民前1872年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1428
Seleucid era	351/352 AG
Thai solar calendar	582–583
Tibetan calendar	阴土猪年 (female Earth-Pig) 166 or −215 or −987     — to — 阳金鼠年 (male Iron-Rat) 167 or −214 or −986

Events

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor Caligula is consul without colleague.
• Caligula starts on a campaign to conquer Britain, which fails miserably. He declares himself victorious regardless.
• Noricum and Mauretania are incorporated into the Roman Empire.
• Caligula reforms the principatus into a Hellenistic Autocracy. He distributes honors carelessly, declares himself a god and orders that all the heads of the Greek deity statues be replaced by his. He also appoints his horse, Incitatus, a senator.
• Construction begins on the Pont du Gard aqueduct in Gallia Narbonensis (approximate date).^[1]

Europe

• The Germanic Quadi tribe begin settling in present-day Moravia and Slovakia.

Parthia

• Vardanes I becomes king of Parthia, opposed by his brother Gotarzes II.

Vietnam

• The Vietnamese Trưng Sisters rebel against the rule of the Chinese Emperor Guang Wu of Han.

By topic

Arts and sciences

• Philo teaches that all men are born free.

Religion

• Christianity comes to Egypt as a church is founded in Alexandria. Mark the Evangelist founds the Church of Alexandria as the first Patriarch (traditional date).
• An early Christian church is erected at Corinth (most probable date).
• The traditional date of Saint James the Great meeting Our Lady of the Pillar in Spain

Births

• June 13 – Gnaeus Julius Agricola, Roman governor (d. AD 93)
• Claudia Octavia, daughter of Claudius and Messalina (d. AD 62)
• Dio Chrysostom, Greek philosopher and historian (d. c. 115)
• Ma, Chinese empress of the Han Dynasty (d. AD 79)
• Pedanius Dioscorides, Greek physician and pharmacologist (d. AD 90)
• Sextus Julius Frontinus, Roman general and military author (d. 103)^[2]
• Titus Petronius Secundus, Roman prefect (d. AD 97)

Deaths

• Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, husband of Agrippina the Younger (b. 17 BC)
• Faustus Cornelius Sulla, Roman politician and suffect consul
• Ptolemy of Mauretania, Roman client king (executed by Caligula)
• Tiberius Julius Abdes Pantera, Roman soldier (hypothesized by numerous scholars to have been the father of Jesus)

References

1. Fabre, Guilhem; Fiches, Jean-Luc; Paillet, Jean-Louis (1991). "Interdisciplinary Research on the Aqueduct of Nimes and the Pont du Gard". Journal of Roman Archaeology. 4: 63–88. doi:10.1017/S104775940001549X.
2. Kvint, Vladimir (2015). Strategy for the Global Market: Theory and Practical Applications. Routledge. p. 8. ISBN 9781317485575.