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Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad

The Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow-gauge passenger-carrying shortline railroad between East Boston and Lynn, Massachusetts, from 1875 to 1940. Part of the railroad's right of way now forms the outer section of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority's Blue Line rapid transit service.

Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad
A BRB&L train at Pleasant Street station
Overview
LocaleNorth Shore, Massachusetts
Dates of operation1875–1940
Technical
Track gauge3 ft (914 mm)

History edit

 
Crescent Beach station around 1910

The railroad was chartered May 23, 1874, and opened July 29, 1875.[1]: 114  A ferry connection from its southern terminus at East Boston connected to Rowes Wharf in the city of Boston proper, with a connection to the Atlantic Avenue Elevated (from 1901 to 1938). The railroad followed the coastline north-eastward through the resort of Revere Beach to the far terminus at Lynn. A branch split at Orient Heights to a loop through Winthrop.

The rail laid was light, 30-pound per yard (15 kg/m) rail being installed at first, increased to 50 lb/yd (25 kg/m) in 1885 and 60 lb/yd (30 kg/m) in 1904. It was, however, laid from the beginning on standard gauge-sized ties. Given the lightweight rail, the locomotives were small and of 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge dimensions. The vast majority of them were Mason Bogies, 11 from the Mason Machine Works and a further 21 from other builders after Mason closed. Cars were of 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge dimensions, seating four across.

Between 1896 and 1900, the section from Revere Beach to Point of Pines, formerly running along the beach, was relocated inland to lie next to the Eastern Railroad's abandoned Chelsea Beach Branch.[2] The stations were moved and a new one (Bath House) was built. Revere Beach Boulevard was built later along the former route.

Revere Beach became a very popular resort, and the entire line was double-tracked by 1903. The Narrow Gauge Hotel burned in 1902. The 1904 Independence Day celebration included a staged collision between two obsolete Boston and Maine locomotives, and the rowdy crowds caused the town to cancel the Pines Hotel liquor license. 1906 festivities included a large papier-mâché structure which would spew a cloud of souvenir post cards with smoke and flashing lights as the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Commodore Perry's flagship USS Saratoga was burned offshore as a tourist attraction in 1908. Theodore Roosevelt spoke from the Pines Hotel during his 1912 presidential campaign as a Bull Moose candidate. The Pines Hotel closed in 1913 after a police raid discovered unlicensed liquor sales. The Boston American flying exhibition of July 1914 attracted large crowds.[1]: 116  Six passenger cars were purchased by the East Broad Top Railroad in 1916; three were sold again in 1942, while three remain in use.[3]

The railroad was highly successful, carrying commuters into Boston and the Boston urban population to the seaside resorts. By 1914 over seven million passengers were carried annually, making it one of the most heavily traveled stretches of railroad in North America. With such a traffic density, the expense of electrification could be easily recouped. By 1928, all existing cars were fitted with electric motors, trolley poles, and control stands and the steam locomotives were disposed of. However, the number of riders decreased during the Great Depression and completion of the Sumner Tunnel between East Boston and downtown Boston in 1934 allowed automobiles to compete with the ferries.[1]: 117 

After attempts to find a buyer fell through, the BRB&L filed for bankruptcy in 1937. A September 1938 hurricane destroyed 500 ft (150 m) of overhead wire and damaged the East Boston terminal. Further losses of ridership followed, and in 1939 the management petitioned for abandonment. After a railfan excursion train on 15 October the abandonment petition was granted, and the railroad ceased operations on January 27, 1940.[1]: 117 

Winthrop sections edit

On July 1, 1891, the BRB&L merged with the 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge Boston, Winthrop and Shore Railroad. The BW&S was itself a consolidation on December 12, 1883 of the Boston, Winthrop and Point Shirley Railroad and Eastern Junction, Broad Sound Pier and Point Shirley Railroad.

Boston, Winthrop and Point Shirley Railroad edit

The BW&PS was organized on July 3, 1876 and opened a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge line on June 7, 1877. This line split from the BRB&L at Winthrop Junction and headed east and south for 1.8 miles (2.9 km) to Winthrop Center and extended in stages during the following years. In 1881, the part heading south was closed and a new line was built east to Ocean Spray and south to Short Beach.[4]: 32–39 

Eastern Junction, Broad Sound Pier and Point Shirley Railroad edit

The EJBSP&PS was chartered in 1880 and built a standard gauge railway line from the Eastern Railroad near Crescent Beach southeast via Beachmont and Winthrop Beach to Point Shirley. South of Ocean Spray, this was just east of the BW&PS. Much of this shared section of right-of-way used a three-rail, dual-gauge track.[4]: 102  A branch of the EJBSP&PS was also constructed in Revere, from the junction with the Eastern Railroad north to Point of Pines, parallel with the Eastern's Chelsea Beach line. The EJBSP&PS was not operated until 1884, by which time it had been absorbed into the Boston, Winthrop & Shore RR. It operated for only two summers before being abandoned due to damage from storms.

Post-merger edit

The BW&PS and the EJBSP&PS, along with the Boston & Winthrop (a "paper railroad" proposed but never built) were merged late in 1883 and operated thereafter as the Boston, Winthrop & Shore RR. In 1885, after a storm, sections of line were abandoned, and the management of the BRB&L stepped in. A circuit or loop line was constructed in 1888 and existed until the 1940 demise of the BRB&L. It used parts of the original alignment of the BW&PS. Most of the line, however, was built brand new, serving Winthrop Highlands, Winthrop Center and Winthrop Beach. The loop was double-tracked in 1903.

Point Shirley Street Railway edit

 
Ceremonial driving of the first spike on the line in August 1910

The Point Shirley Street Railway was built from Winthrop Beach station to Point Shirley beginning in August 1910 and opened later that year.[5] The 1.2-mile (1.9 km) single-track line ran along Shirley Street and Tafts Avenue.[6][7] The BRB&L acquired the entire line with legislative approval in October 1912.[8] By 1914, the line operated 30,594 car miles (an average of 35 daily round trips), carried 165,037 passengers (an average of 452 daily), and employed seven people.[7]

Unusually, the Point Shirley Street Railway did not operate with electric power from overhead lines.[5] It first used a gasoline-powered electric streetcar, then a battery-powered streetcar owned by the BRB&L, but these did not prove adequate for reliable service and by early 1919 buses were used instead. This prompted a public outcry with demands for conventional overhead-powered cars; instead, the BRB&L introduced two lighter battery-powered streetcars with better performance to the line in May 1919.[8]

Even the 1919-built cars proved to be too expensive to operate on a marginal low-traffic line. In 1928, they were permanently replaced by buses.[5]

After closure edit

 
The former Harbor View station, now a private residence, in 2012

Worth $2 million immediately after electrification, the railroad was sold to a scrap dealer for $118,756. The tracks were removed and the catenary structures cut down for scrap value. The passenger cars failed to be sold at auction and were burnt in mid-1940 to retrieve their metal components. The motorized trucks were sold to the Eastern Mass.[9] Most former stations were demolished shortly after abandonment or during rapid transit conversion. Thornton, moved and converted to a house when the line was double-tracked in 1903, is reportedly still extant.[4]: 182  In addition, Harbor View, closed earlier than the rest of the line and moved slightly from its original location, remains as a private residence.[10]

Bus service edit

Upon abandonment of the BRB&L, Lynn–Boston passengers were served by existing Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway (Eastern Mass) bus service and Boston and Maine Railroad rail service. Revere–Boston passengers were served by Boston Elevated Railway (BERy) streetcars connecting to the East Boston Tunnel; the company also operated a Revere Beach–Point of Pines bus service for two months.[11]: 61  Winthrop–Boston bus service was operated by Saugus Transit (later Rapid Transit Inc.). Saugus Transit initially operated Winthrop–Lynn bus service under a temporary permit. On April 2, 1940, this service was split in two with a forced transfer at Point of Pines: Revere-based Service Bus Lines continued to operate Winthrop–Point of Pines, while the Lynn-based Eastern Mass operated Lynn–Point of Pines as part of a new Lynn–Boston route.[11]: 79, 104 [12]

In January 1941, the Eastern Mass bought the Lynn terminal and a section of right of way for use as a busway.[1]: 118  After the Eastern Mass relocated its bus terminal to Central Square, the company no longer needed the land and it was fragmented into commercial properties.[13][14]

Blue Line edit

 
A Blue Line train on the former BRB&L right of way at Suffolk Downs in 1967

In 1941, the BERy bought the BRB&L right of way from Day Square to Revere Beach for use as a high-speed trolley line similar to the Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line; these plans were delayed by the onset of World War II.[10] However, the 1926 Report on Improved Transportation Facilities and 1945–47 Coolidge Commission Report recommended that the East Boston Tunnel line, which had been converted to rapid transit from streetcars in 1924, be extended to Lynn via the BBRB&L route rather than using it for a trolley line.[15][16]

In 1947, the newly formed Metropolitan Transit Authority (M.T.A.) decided to build to Lynn as a rapid transit line, and construction began in October 1948.[10] The first part of the Revere Extension opened to Orient Heights on January 5, 1952, with intermediate stations at Airport and Day Square, and to Suffolk Downs on April 21, 1952.[14] The second phase (cut short due to limited funds, and possibly due to the Eastern Massachusetts wielding its influence to protect its business in Lynn) opened to Wonderland on January 19, 1954 with intermediate stations at Beachmont and Revere Beach.[10][14][1]: 118  All stations from Orient Heights to Wonderland were located at the sites of former BRB&L stations. The line was renamed as the Blue Line in 1965.[14]

Although recommended and studied several times since, further Blue Line extension to Lynn has not moved past the proposal stage. The former right of way from Revere Street to Point of Pines is owned by the Massachusetts Electric Company, a National Grid subsidiary, and used as a utility corridor. Most of its length is covered in brush or wetlands, although several residential buildings and parking areas incur on the utility-owned right of way in Point of Pines.[13][17] The Alternatives Analysis / Draft Environmental Impact Statement, released in 2011, considered two potential routes: one following the Narrow Gauge right of way through Point of Pines, and one sharing the Newburyport/Rockport Line right of way.[18]

Winthrop edit

 
A route 713 bus in Orient Heights in 2018

The Winthrop Loop was not preserved for transit use; some stations were destroyed within weeks. Much of the right of way is owned by the town, including the sections used for Veterans Road and Walden Street as well as a baseball field near Fort Banks and the embankment through Crystal Cove. Other sections were reused for housing and commercial developments; a short section near Argyle Street is a walking trail.[13] During the 1990s, a short section of track was installed as a memorial to the line in Winthrop Center, and portions of the Crystal Cove embankment are still extant.

Unlike the main line, the Winthrop Loop was not paralleled by mainline railroads or Boston Elevated Railway (BERy) streetcar lines. The town of Winthrop rejected plans for BERy to provide bus service.[19] Instead, Saugus Transit began operating Winthrop Beach - Maverick bus service as soon as the BRB&L was abandoned; it was granted a permanent operating certificate under the name Rapid Transit Inc in March.[9]: 117 [11]: 90  The two routes split at Winthrop Beach and roughly paralleled the two halves of the Loop; a connecting service also operated through to Point Shirley.[11]: 90 

Veterans Road was paved on the former right-of-way after World War II. The inbound terminus was changed to 1952-opened Orient Heights in May 1956.[11]: 92  The MBTA, formed in 1964 to subsidize suburban commuter rail operations, began funding bus services including the Winthop service in 1968.[14]

In July 1991, Winthrop bus operations were transferred to Paul Revere Transportation. In September 1999, the two halves of the loop service were designated as 712 Winthrop - Orient Heights via Highlands and 713 Winthrop - Orient Heights via Center and added to MBTA maps and signage.[14] Outbound route 712 trips are through-routed to inbound route 713 trips and vice versa; some service continues to operate to Point Shirley.

Other sections edit

 
The former Orient Heights carhouse was a casket factory until a 2019 fire

The Orient Heights carhouse was repurposed as a casket factory.[9] It was destroyed by a fire on March 15, 2019.[20] The right of way from Byron Street to Tomahawk Drive was acquired by the Massachusetts Port Authority for the expansion of Logan Airport. The right of way through Jeffries Point is privately owned; the tunnels are intact, though their north ends are buried.[9][21] Part of the right-of-way between Logan Airport and the Blue Line section was used for a U.S. Navy oil pipeline in the 1950s.[10]: 90 

General Electric acquired most of the right of way through Lynn for expansion of the River Works plant during World War II, likely as settlement for debt still owed on the electrification project.[22] GE later sold off its sections: one piece to a private developer in 1989, the piece near Commercial Street to the MBTA in 1991 (part of which was later sold to the same developer), and the western section to a different developer in 2014.[23][24] New England Power Company (also a National Grid subsidiary) maintains an easement through the western section for electrical transmission lines.[25]

Station listing edit

 
1939 map of the BRB&L

Winthrop Loop edit

 
A 1903 map of Winthrop from Floyd and Tucker showing the route of the Winthrop Loop and station locations of the Boston Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad

This is going clockwise around the loop. The loop tracks split from the main line just north of Orient Heights, turned east and then split with one direction heading east and the other south. Much of the rail's path was converted to roads when the line was removed, but you can still see some of the existing railbed that curved out into Crystal Cove at Winthrop Beach Station, and the remnants of the rail bridges as it crossed Belle Isle March to connect at Orient Heights. Today, one can drive along Veteran's Road (current path of the old line) to experience the course of the commuter train as it ran parallel to Shirley Street. The location of the various railway stations in Winthrop had a tremendous influence on the pattern of Winthrop's suburban growth; business and commerce grew up naturally around these stations and ultimately into what would become today's neighborhoods.

Station Notes
Pleasant Street This station was located at the very north end of Pleasant Street as it meets Belle Isle Terrace, on the site of what is now part of a boat storage yard.
Battery Station, originally Cherry St. Station, was located at the intersection of Banks Street and Wilshire Street, on the site of what is now a gravel parking lot for a warehouse.
Highlands Station was located at the current location of Crest Avenue Playground; the depot was approximately where the jungle gym is today.
Ocean Spray Was located on the corner of Shirley St. and what is today Veteran's Road, approximately on the site of the used car dealership.
Playstead Station existed off of Shirley street across from its intersection with Pearl St.
Winthrop Beach Station existed at the corner of Shirley and what is now Washington St., approximately where DiParma's restaurant currently is.
Thornton Station existed at the very southern end of Winthrop Street on the beach side of Pleasant, all the way down the hill, just past and to the right of the road. If you walk down into the brush there, you can see remnants of the rail bed next to the waters edge, heading towards Crystal Cove.
Winthrop Centre Station was approximately where the Winthrop Center circle is today. A 12-foot portion of the old track was installed as a memorial in the 1990s and can be seen embedded in the asphalt of Hagman Road (which follows the track line today). In addition, one of the steel electric power supports remains as well; it can be located protruding from the sidewalk at the corner near the track remnant. An historical marker mounted next to the steel support provides some information about Winthrop's train history, as does a sign in the nearby park.
Ingalls This station was located on the south corner of Walden street at Short Street. The line at this point ran alongside Walden Street on the west side of the road.

Equipment edit

Steam locomotives edit

 
Pegasus at Winthrop Center in 1888
 
Jupiter at Lynn in 1876
 
2-4-4 Mason Bogie locomotive #6 as built in 1886
 
2-4-4 T Mason Bogie #10, Mason Machine Works, Taunton, MA. Built 1887. Photo location: Behind the Lynn Train Station. Photo Source: Lynn Museum
 
#18, #8, and #20 at Orient Heights car barn
Number Name Builder Type Date Works number Notes[1]: 111–112 
1st # 1 Orion Mason Machine Works 0-4-4T 1873 508 Built as North and South of Georgia - Sold to Nantucket Railroad #1 Sconset 1888
2nd # 1 Hinkley Locomotive Works 4-4-0 1879 Sold to Nantucket Railroad #1 1901
3rd # 1 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1903 27801 Scrapped 1929
1st # 2 Pegasus Mason Machine Works 0-4-6T 1875 549 Burned at Winthrop Junction (Orient Heights) and scrapped 1896
2nd # 2 Manchester Locomotive Works 2-4-4T 1899 1707 Scrapped 1929
1st # 3 Jupiter Mason Machine Works 0-4-4T 1875 550 Leased to the Boston, Winthrop & Point Shirley Railroad in 1883, burned at Winthrop Junction (Orient Heights) and scrapped 1896
2nd # 3 Manchester Locomotive Works 2-4-4T 1899 1708 Scrapped 1929
1st # 4 Mercury Porter Bell & Company 2-4-0 1876 Leased to the Boston, Winthrop & Shirley Railroad in 1878, burned at Winthrop Junction (Orient Heights) and scrapped 1896
2nd # 4 Mason Machine Works 2-4-6T 1882 683 Burned at Winthrop Junction (Orient Heights) 1896 and scrapped 1904
3rd # 4 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1904 30125 Scrapped 1929
1st # 5 Leo Hinkley Locomotive Works 4-4-0 1876 1240 Sold to Brown Company of Florida
2nd # 5 Mason Machine Works 2-4-4T 1885 720 Rebuilt 1917 - Scrapped 1929
1st # 6 Draco Mason Machine Works 0-4-4T 1876 559 Scrapped 1885
2nd # 6 Mason Machine Works 2-4-4T 1886 727 Rebuilt in ALCO Manchester shops 1920 - scrapped 1929
7 Mason Machine Works 2-4-6T 1882 684 Rebuilt in ALCO Manchester shops 1920 - scrapped 1929
1st # 8 Mason Machine Works 2-4-4T 1883 692 Scrapped 1900
2nd # 8 Manchester Locomotive Works 2-4-4T 1900 1741 Scrapped 1929
9 Mason Machine Works 2-4-4T 1887 740 Scrapped 1929
10 Mason Machine Works 2-4-4T 1887 741 Scrapped 1929
11 Taunton Locomotive Manufacturing Company 2-4-4T 1890 981 Rebuilt 1917 - Scrapped 1929
12 Taunton Locomotive Manufacturing Company 2-4-4T 1890 982 Rebuilt in ALCO Manchester shops 1920 - scrapped 1929
13 Manchester Locomotive Works 2-4-4T 1900 1742 Scrapped 1929
14 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1902 25872 Scrapped 1940
15 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1903 27802 Scrapped 1929
16 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1905 Scrapped 1929
17 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1906 39054 Scrapped 1929
18 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1907 42268 Ran through the East Boston bumper block into Boston Harbor and scrapped 1928
19 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1907 42741 Rebuilt 1917 - Scrapped 1929
20 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1907 42742 Scrapped 1929
21 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1907 42743 Scrapped 1929
22 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1912 50830 Scrapped 1929
23 ALCO Manchester 2-4-4T 1912 50831 Scrapped 1929
24 ALCO Schenectady 2-4-4T 1914 54590 Scrapped 1929
25 ALCO Schenectady 2-4-4T 1914 54591 Scrapped 1929
26 ALCO Schenectady 2-4-4T 1914 54592 Scrapped 1929

Ferryboats edit

 
The Newtown, c. 1908-1915
Name Date Origin Disposal[1]: 113 
Union 1875 purchased from New Bedford-Taunton Railroad Scrapped 1889
Oriole 1876 purchased from Providence, Warren & Fall River Railroad Sold to Washington Railroad of Lunder, North Carolina 1878
City of Lynn 1878 Built by Bath Iron Works Converted to a sand barge in 1918
Swampscott 1882 Built by D. D. Kelly & Son of Boston Sold for Portland to Peaks Island ferry service in Casco Bay 1908
Dartmouth 1889 Built in East Boston Retired 1939
Ashburnham 1905 Built in Boston Sold 1940
Brewster 1906 Built in Boston Sold 1940
Newtown 1908 Built in Boston Towed to Portland, Maine in 1940

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Stanley, Robert C. (1980). Narrow Gauge - The Story of the Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad. Boston Street Railway Association.
  2. ^ Walker Lithograph & Publishing Co. (1891). "Boston & Hull & Nahant & Revere & Swampscott & Winthrop 1891 Plate 05". WardMaps LLC. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  3. ^ Greenwood, Richard E. (November 5, 1974). "Inventory – Nomination Form: East Broad Top Railroad". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. pp. 7.3, 7.4.
  4. ^ a b c Lieberman, William (2017). The Train on the Beach. ISBN 9781634921831.
  5. ^ a b c Desaulniers, George; Simonini, Donald (2002). Images of America: Winthrop. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 41–45. ISBN 9780738509525.
  6. ^ Whitman & Howard (1913). "Map of Winthrop" – via WardMaps.
  7. ^ a b Public Service Commission (1915). Second Annual Report of the Public Service Commission. Vol. 2. Wright and Potter Printing Company. pp. 871–875 – via Google Books.
  8. ^ a b Public Service Commission (1920). Annual Report of the Public Service Commission. Vol. 1. Wright and Potter Printing Company. p. 129 – via Google Books.
  9. ^ a b c d Kyper, Frank (2010). Narrow Gauge to Boston: A Nostalgic Window on the Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad. South Platte Press, Bruggeggenjohann/Reese, and Outer Station Project. p. 99. ISBN 9780942035872.
  10. ^ a b c d e Cheney, Frank (2003). Boston's Blue Line. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 8, 64, 83. ISBN 9780738535760.
  11. ^ a b c d e Humphrey, Thomas J. (August 2020). "Origin and Development of the Fixed-Route Local Bus Transportation Network in the Cities and Towns of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority District as of December 31, 1973: Revised Edition" (PDF). NETransit.
  12. ^ "Two Companies Take Over Lynn–Revere Bus Service". Boston Globe. April 2, 1940. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ a b c "OLIVER: MassGIS's Online Mapping Tool". Massachusetts Office of Geographic Information. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
  14. ^ a b c d e f Belcher, Jonathan. "Changes to Transit Service in the MBTA district" (PDF). Boston Street Railway Association.
  15. ^ Central Transportation Planning Staff (15 November 1993). . National Transportation Library. Archived from the original on 21 October 2008. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  16. ^ Boston Elevated Railway and Boston Department of Public Utilities (1945), Boston Rapid Transit System & Proposed Extensions 1945 - Metropolitan Transit Recess Commission Air View – via Wikimedia Commons
  17. ^ Liscio, David (November 19, 2009). "Blue Line Trains Attach Sixth Car". Lynn Daily Item – via MBTA.
  18. ^ "Blue Line Extension to Lynn: P3 Project Suitability Assessment Report" (PDF). Massachusetts Department of Transportation. 11 September 2013.
  19. ^ Annual Report of the Board of Public Trustees of the Boston Elevated Railway Company for the Year Ended December 31, 1939. Boston Elevated Railway. 1940. p. 13 – via Internet Archive.
  20. ^ McDonald, Danny; Serrano, Alejandro; Stanton, Andrew (March 15, 2019). "9-alarm fire at East Boston casket company continues to roar". Boston Globe.
  21. ^ "Boston Tax Parcel Viewer". City of Boston. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
  22. ^ Liljestrand, Robert A.; Sweetland, David R. (2002). Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad. Ansonia, Connecticut: Bob's Photo. p. 32. ISBN 0934088411. LCCN 2002117786.
  23. ^ "Salem Deeds Online: Search". Southern Essex District Registry of Deeds. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
  24. ^ "City of Lynn, Massachusetts: Property Assessment Data". Patriot Properties. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
  25. ^ CAI Technologies (January 2015). "City of Lynn Assessor's Map: 17" (PDF). City of Lynn.

References edit

External links edit

KML is from Wikidata
  • Plan showing location of Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Rail Road, May 1875
  • "The Coffee Roasters" of New England, about the BRB&L

boston, revere, beach, lynn, railroad, narrow, gauge, passenger, carrying, shortline, railroad, between, east, boston, lynn, massachusetts, from, 1875, 1940, part, railroad, right, forms, outer, section, massachusetts, transportation, authority, blue, line, ra. The Boston Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad was a 3 ft 914 mm narrow gauge passenger carrying shortline railroad between East Boston and Lynn Massachusetts from 1875 to 1940 Part of the railroad s right of way now forms the outer section of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority s Blue Line rapid transit service Boston Revere Beach and Lynn RailroadA BRB amp L train at Pleasant Street stationOverviewLocaleNorth Shore MassachusettsDates of operation1875 1940TechnicalTrack gauge3 ft 914 mm Boston Revere Beach and Lynn RailroadLegend Blue Line BRB amp LLynnWest LynnPoint of PinesOak IslandRevere StreetWonderland Bath HouseRevere Beach Crescent BeachBeachmont BeachmontSuffolk Downs Belle Isle Suffolk Downs Winthrop LoopPoint ShirleyPoint ShirleyStreet RailwayWinthrop BeachPlaysteadThorntonOcean SprayWinthrop CenterWinthrop HighlandsIngallsBatteryPleasant Street Orient HeightsYard Orient Heights Orient HeightsHarbor ViewBlue Lineto BowdoinWood IslandEast BostonBoston HarborRowes WharfAtlantic Avenue Elevated Blue Line BRB amp LThis diagram viewtalkedit Contents 1 History 1 1 Winthrop sections 1 1 1 Boston Winthrop and Point Shirley Railroad 1 1 2 Eastern Junction Broad Sound Pier and Point Shirley Railroad 1 1 3 Post merger 1 1 4 Point Shirley Street Railway 1 2 After closure 1 2 1 Bus service 1 2 2 Blue Line 1 2 3 Winthrop 1 2 4 Other sections 2 Station listing 2 1 Winthrop Loop 3 Equipment 3 1 Steam locomotives 3 2 Ferryboats 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksHistory edit nbsp Crescent Beach station around 1910The railroad was chartered May 23 1874 and opened July 29 1875 1 114 A ferry connection from its southern terminus at East Boston connected to Rowes Wharf in the city of Boston proper with a connection to the Atlantic Avenue Elevated from 1901 to 1938 The railroad followed the coastline north eastward through the resort of Revere Beach to the far terminus at Lynn A branch split at Orient Heights to a loop through Winthrop The rail laid was light 30 pound per yard 15 kg m rail being installed at first increased to 50 lb yd 25 kg m in 1885 and 60 lb yd 30 kg m in 1904 It was however laid from the beginning on standard gauge sized ties Given the lightweight rail the locomotives were small and of 3 ft 914 mm narrow gauge dimensions The vast majority of them were Mason Bogies 11 from the Mason Machine Works and a further 21 from other builders after Mason closed Cars were of 3 ft 914 mm narrow gauge dimensions seating four across Between 1896 and 1900 the section from Revere Beach to Point of Pines formerly running along the beach was relocated inland to lie next to the Eastern Railroad s abandoned Chelsea Beach Branch 2 The stations were moved and a new one Bath House was built Revere Beach Boulevard was built later along the former route Revere Beach became a very popular resort and the entire line was double tracked by 1903 The Narrow Gauge Hotel burned in 1902 The 1904 Independence Day celebration included a staged collision between two obsolete Boston and Maine locomotives and the rowdy crowds caused the town to cancel the Pines Hotel liquor license 1906 festivities included a large papier mache structure which would spew a cloud of souvenir post cards with smoke and flashing lights as the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius Commodore Perry s flagship USS Saratoga was burned offshore as a tourist attraction in 1908 Theodore Roosevelt spoke from the Pines Hotel during his 1912 presidential campaign as a Bull Moose candidate The Pines Hotel closed in 1913 after a police raid discovered unlicensed liquor sales The Boston American flying exhibition of July 1914 attracted large crowds 1 116 Six passenger cars were purchased by the East Broad Top Railroad in 1916 three were sold again in 1942 while three remain in use 3 The railroad was highly successful carrying commuters into Boston and the Boston urban population to the seaside resorts By 1914 over seven million passengers were carried annually making it one of the most heavily traveled stretches of railroad in North America With such a traffic density the expense of electrification could be easily recouped By 1928 all existing cars were fitted with electric motors trolley poles and control stands and the steam locomotives were disposed of However the number of riders decreased during the Great Depression and completion of the Sumner Tunnel between East Boston and downtown Boston in 1934 allowed automobiles to compete with the ferries 1 117 After attempts to find a buyer fell through the BRB amp L filed for bankruptcy in 1937 A September 1938 hurricane destroyed 500 ft 150 m of overhead wire and damaged the East Boston terminal Further losses of ridership followed and in 1939 the management petitioned for abandonment After a railfan excursion train on 15 October the abandonment petition was granted and the railroad ceased operations on January 27 1940 1 117 Winthrop sections edit On July 1 1891 the BRB amp L merged with the 3 ft 914 mm narrow gauge Boston Winthrop and Shore Railroad The BW amp S was itself a consolidation on December 12 1883 of the Boston Winthrop and Point Shirley Railroad and Eastern Junction Broad Sound Pier and Point Shirley Railroad Boston Winthrop and Point Shirley Railroad edit The BW amp PS was organized on July 3 1876 and opened a 3 ft 914 mm narrow gauge line on June 7 1877 This line split from the BRB amp L at Winthrop Junction and headed east and south for 1 8 miles 2 9 km to Winthrop Center and extended in stages during the following years In 1881 the part heading south was closed and a new line was built east to Ocean Spray and south to Short Beach 4 32 39 Eastern Junction Broad Sound Pier and Point Shirley Railroad edit The EJBSP amp PS was chartered in 1880 and built a standard gauge railway line from the Eastern Railroad near Crescent Beach southeast via Beachmont and Winthrop Beach to Point Shirley South of Ocean Spray this was just east of the BW amp PS Much of this shared section of right of way used a three rail dual gauge track 4 102 A branch of the EJBSP amp PS was also constructed in Revere from the junction with the Eastern Railroad north to Point of Pines parallel with the Eastern s Chelsea Beach line The EJBSP amp PS was not operated until 1884 by which time it had been absorbed into the Boston Winthrop amp Shore RR It operated for only two summers before being abandoned due to damage from storms Post merger edit The BW amp PS and the EJBSP amp PS along with the Boston amp Winthrop a paper railroad proposed but never built were merged late in 1883 and operated thereafter as the Boston Winthrop amp Shore RR In 1885 after a storm sections of line were abandoned and the management of the BRB amp L stepped in A circuit or loop line was constructed in 1888 and existed until the 1940 demise of the BRB amp L It used parts of the original alignment of the BW amp PS Most of the line however was built brand new serving Winthrop Highlands Winthrop Center and Winthrop Beach The loop was double tracked in 1903 Point Shirley Street Railway edit nbsp Ceremonial driving of the first spike on the line in August 1910The Point Shirley Street Railway was built from Winthrop Beach station to Point Shirley beginning in August 1910 and opened later that year 5 The 1 2 mile 1 9 km single track line ran along Shirley Street and Tafts Avenue 6 7 The BRB amp L acquired the entire line with legislative approval in October 1912 8 By 1914 the line operated 30 594 car miles an average of 35 daily round trips carried 165 037 passengers an average of 452 daily and employed seven people 7 Unusually the Point Shirley Street Railway did not operate with electric power from overhead lines 5 It first used a gasoline powered electric streetcar then a battery powered streetcar owned by the BRB amp L but these did not prove adequate for reliable service and by early 1919 buses were used instead This prompted a public outcry with demands for conventional overhead powered cars instead the BRB amp L introduced two lighter battery powered streetcars with better performance to the line in May 1919 8 Even the 1919 built cars proved to be too expensive to operate on a marginal low traffic line In 1928 they were permanently replaced by buses 5 After closure edit nbsp The former Harbor View station now a private residence in 2012Worth 2 million immediately after electrification the railroad was sold to a scrap dealer for 118 756 The tracks were removed and the catenary structures cut down for scrap value The passenger cars failed to be sold at auction and were burnt in mid 1940 to retrieve their metal components The motorized trucks were sold to the Eastern Mass 9 Most former stations were demolished shortly after abandonment or during rapid transit conversion Thornton moved and converted to a house when the line was double tracked in 1903 is reportedly still extant 4 182 In addition Harbor View closed earlier than the rest of the line and moved slightly from its original location remains as a private residence 10 Bus service edit Upon abandonment of the BRB amp L Lynn Boston passengers were served by existing Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway Eastern Mass bus service and Boston and Maine Railroad rail service Revere Boston passengers were served by Boston Elevated Railway BERy streetcars connecting to the East Boston Tunnel the company also operated a Revere Beach Point of Pines bus service for two months 11 61 Winthrop Boston bus service was operated by Saugus Transit later Rapid Transit Inc Saugus Transit initially operated Winthrop Lynn bus service under a temporary permit On April 2 1940 this service was split in two with a forced transfer at Point of Pines Revere based Service Bus Lines continued to operate Winthrop Point of Pines while the Lynn based Eastern Mass operated Lynn Point of Pines as part of a new Lynn Boston route 11 79 104 12 In January 1941 the Eastern Mass bought the Lynn terminal and a section of right of way for use as a busway 1 118 After the Eastern Mass relocated its bus terminal to Central Square the company no longer needed the land and it was fragmented into commercial properties 13 14 Blue Line edit nbsp A Blue Line train on the former BRB amp L right of way at Suffolk Downs in 1967In 1941 the BERy bought the BRB amp L right of way from Day Square to Revere Beach for use as a high speed trolley line similar to the Ashmont Mattapan High Speed Line these plans were delayed by the onset of World War II 10 However the 1926 Report on Improved Transportation Facilities and 1945 47 Coolidge Commission Report recommended that the East Boston Tunnel line which had been converted to rapid transit from streetcars in 1924 be extended to Lynn via the BBRB amp L route rather than using it for a trolley line 15 16 In 1947 the newly formed Metropolitan Transit Authority M T A decided to build to Lynn as a rapid transit line and construction began in October 1948 10 The first part of the Revere Extension opened to Orient Heights on January 5 1952 with intermediate stations at Airport and Day Square and to Suffolk Downs on April 21 1952 14 The second phase cut short due to limited funds and possibly due to the Eastern Massachusetts wielding its influence to protect its business in Lynn opened to Wonderland on January 19 1954 with intermediate stations at Beachmont and Revere Beach 10 14 1 118 All stations from Orient Heights to Wonderland were located at the sites of former BRB amp L stations The line was renamed as the Blue Line in 1965 14 Although recommended and studied several times since further Blue Line extension to Lynn has not moved past the proposal stage The former right of way from Revere Street to Point of Pines is owned by the Massachusetts Electric Company a National Grid subsidiary and used as a utility corridor Most of its length is covered in brush or wetlands although several residential buildings and parking areas incur on the utility owned right of way in Point of Pines 13 17 The Alternatives Analysis Draft Environmental Impact Statement released in 2011 considered two potential routes one following the Narrow Gauge right of way through Point of Pines and one sharing the Newburyport Rockport Line right of way 18 Winthrop edit nbsp A route 713 bus in Orient Heights in 2018The Winthrop Loop was not preserved for transit use some stations were destroyed within weeks Much of the right of way is owned by the town including the sections used for Veterans Road and Walden Street as well as a baseball field near Fort Banks and the embankment through Crystal Cove Other sections were reused for housing and commercial developments a short section near Argyle Street is a walking trail 13 During the 1990s a short section of track was installed as a memorial to the line in Winthrop Center and portions of the Crystal Cove embankment are still extant Unlike the main line the Winthrop Loop was not paralleled by mainline railroads or Boston Elevated Railway BERy streetcar lines The town of Winthrop rejected plans for BERy to provide bus service 19 Instead Saugus Transit began operating Winthrop Beach Maverick bus service as soon as the BRB amp L was abandoned it was granted a permanent operating certificate under the name Rapid Transit Inc in March 9 117 11 90 The two routes split at Winthrop Beach and roughly paralleled the two halves of the Loop a connecting service also operated through to Point Shirley 11 90 Veterans Road was paved on the former right of way after World War II The inbound terminus was changed to 1952 opened Orient Heights in May 1956 11 92 The MBTA formed in 1964 to subsidize suburban commuter rail operations began funding bus services including the Winthop service in 1968 14 In July 1991 Winthrop bus operations were transferred to Paul Revere Transportation In September 1999 the two halves of the loop service were designated as 712 Winthrop Orient Heights via Highlands and 713 Winthrop Orient Heights via Center and added to MBTA maps and signage 14 Outbound route 712 trips are through routed to inbound route 713 trips and vice versa some service continues to operate to Point Shirley Other sections edit nbsp The former Orient Heights carhouse was a casket factory until a 2019 fireThe Orient Heights carhouse was repurposed as a casket factory 9 It was destroyed by a fire on March 15 2019 20 The right of way from Byron Street to Tomahawk Drive was acquired by the Massachusetts Port Authority for the expansion of Logan Airport The right of way through Jeffries Point is privately owned the tunnels are intact though their north ends are buried 9 21 Part of the right of way between Logan Airport and the Blue Line section was used for a U S Navy oil pipeline in the 1950s 10 90 General Electric acquired most of the right of way through Lynn for expansion of the River Works plant during World War II likely as settlement for debt still owed on the electrification project 22 GE later sold off its sections one piece to a private developer in 1989 the piece near Commercial Street to the MBTA in 1991 part of which was later sold to the same developer and the western section to a different developer in 2014 23 24 New England Power Company also a National Grid subsidiary maintains an easement through the western section for electrical transmission lines 25 Station listing edit nbsp 1939 map of the BRB amp LWinthrop Loop edit nbsp A 1903 map of Winthrop from Floyd and Tucker showing the route of the Winthrop Loop and station locations of the Boston Revere Beach and Lynn RailroadThis is going clockwise around the loop The loop tracks split from the main line just north of Orient Heights turned east and then split with one direction heading east and the other south Much of the rail s path was converted to roads when the line was removed but you can still see some of the existing railbed that curved out into Crystal Cove at Winthrop Beach Station and the remnants of the rail bridges as it crossed Belle Isle March to connect at Orient Heights Today one can drive along Veteran s Road current path of the old line to experience the course of the commuter train as it ran parallel to Shirley Street The location of the various railway stations in Winthrop had a tremendous influence on the pattern of Winthrop s suburban growth business and commerce grew up naturally around these stations and ultimately into what would become today s neighborhoods Station NotesPleasant Street This station was located at the very north end of Pleasant Street as it meets Belle Isle Terrace on the site of what is now part of a boat storage yard Battery Station originally Cherry St Station was located at the intersection of Banks Street and Wilshire Street on the site of what is now a gravel parking lot for a warehouse Highlands Station was located at the current location of Crest Avenue Playground the depot was approximately where the jungle gym is today Ocean Spray Was located on the corner of Shirley St and what is today Veteran s Road approximately on the site of the used car dealership Playstead Station existed off of Shirley street across from its intersection with Pearl St Winthrop Beach Station existed at the corner of Shirley and what is now Washington St approximately where DiParma s restaurant currently is Thornton Station existed at the very southern end of Winthrop Street on the beach side of Pleasant all the way down the hill just past and to the right of the road If you walk down into the brush there you can see remnants of the rail bed next to the waters edge heading towards Crystal Cove Winthrop Centre Station was approximately where the Winthrop Center circle is today A 12 foot portion of the old track was installed as a memorial in the 1990s and can be seen embedded in the asphalt of Hagman Road which follows the track line today In addition one of the steel electric power supports remains as well it can be located protruding from the sidewalk at the corner near the track remnant An historical marker mounted next to the steel support provides some information about Winthrop s train history as does a sign in the nearby park Ingalls This station was located on the south corner of Walden street at Short Street The line at this point ran alongside Walden Street on the west side of the road Equipment editSteam locomotives edit nbsp Pegasus at Winthrop Center in 1888 nbsp Jupiter at Lynn in 1876 nbsp 2 4 4 Mason Bogie locomotive 6 as built in 1886 nbsp 2 4 4 T Mason Bogie 10 Mason Machine Works Taunton MA Built 1887 Photo location Behind the Lynn Train Station Photo Source Lynn Museum nbsp 18 8 and 20 at Orient Heights car barnNumber Name Builder Type Date Works number Notes 1 111 112 1st 1 Orion Mason Machine Works 0 4 4T 1873 508 Built as North and South of Georgia Sold to Nantucket Railroad 1 Sconset 18882nd 1 Hinkley Locomotive Works 4 4 0 1879 Sold to Nantucket Railroad 1 19013rd 1 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1903 27801 Scrapped 19291st 2 Pegasus Mason Machine Works 0 4 6T 1875 549 Burned at Winthrop Junction Orient Heights and scrapped 18962nd 2 Manchester Locomotive Works 2 4 4T 1899 1707 Scrapped 19291st 3 Jupiter Mason Machine Works 0 4 4T 1875 550 Leased to the Boston Winthrop amp Point Shirley Railroad in 1883 burned at Winthrop Junction Orient Heights and scrapped 18962nd 3 Manchester Locomotive Works 2 4 4T 1899 1708 Scrapped 19291st 4 Mercury Porter Bell amp Company 2 4 0 1876 Leased to the Boston Winthrop amp Shirley Railroad in 1878 burned at Winthrop Junction Orient Heights and scrapped 18962nd 4 Mason Machine Works 2 4 6T 1882 683 Burned at Winthrop Junction Orient Heights 1896 and scrapped 19043rd 4 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1904 30125 Scrapped 19291st 5 Leo Hinkley Locomotive Works 4 4 0 1876 1240 Sold to Brown Company of Florida2nd 5 Mason Machine Works 2 4 4T 1885 720 Rebuilt 1917 Scrapped 19291st 6 Draco Mason Machine Works 0 4 4T 1876 559 Scrapped 18852nd 6 Mason Machine Works 2 4 4T 1886 727 Rebuilt in ALCO Manchester shops 1920 scrapped 19297 Mason Machine Works 2 4 6T 1882 684 Rebuilt in ALCO Manchester shops 1920 scrapped 19291st 8 Mason Machine Works 2 4 4T 1883 692 Scrapped 19002nd 8 Manchester Locomotive Works 2 4 4T 1900 1741 Scrapped 19299 Mason Machine Works 2 4 4T 1887 740 Scrapped 192910 Mason Machine Works 2 4 4T 1887 741 Scrapped 192911 Taunton Locomotive Manufacturing Company 2 4 4T 1890 981 Rebuilt 1917 Scrapped 192912 Taunton Locomotive Manufacturing Company 2 4 4T 1890 982 Rebuilt in ALCO Manchester shops 1920 scrapped 192913 Manchester Locomotive Works 2 4 4T 1900 1742 Scrapped 192914 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1902 25872 Scrapped 194015 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1903 27802 Scrapped 192916 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1905 Scrapped 192917 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1906 39054 Scrapped 192918 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1907 42268 Ran through the East Boston bumper block into Boston Harbor and scrapped 192819 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1907 42741 Rebuilt 1917 Scrapped 192920 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1907 42742 Scrapped 192921 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1907 42743 Scrapped 192922 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1912 50830 Scrapped 192923 ALCO Manchester 2 4 4T 1912 50831 Scrapped 192924 ALCO Schenectady 2 4 4T 1914 54590 Scrapped 192925 ALCO Schenectady 2 4 4T 1914 54591 Scrapped 192926 ALCO Schenectady 2 4 4T 1914 54592 Scrapped 1929Ferryboats edit nbsp The Newtown c 1908 1915Name Date Origin Disposal 1 113 Union 1875 purchased from New Bedford Taunton Railroad Scrapped 1889Oriole 1876 purchased from Providence Warren amp Fall River Railroad Sold to Washington Railroad of Lunder North Carolina 1878City of Lynn 1878 Built by Bath Iron Works Converted to a sand barge in 1918Swampscott 1882 Built by D D Kelly amp Son of Boston Sold for Portland to Peaks Island ferry service in Casco Bay 1908Dartmouth 1889 Built in East Boston Retired 1939Ashburnham 1905 Built in Boston Sold 1940Brewster 1906 Built in Boston Sold 1940Newtown 1908 Built in Boston Towed to Portland Maine in 1940Notes edit a b c d e f g h Stanley Robert C 1980 Narrow Gauge The Story of the Boston Revere Beach amp Lynn Railroad Boston Street Railway Association Walker Lithograph amp Publishing Co 1891 Boston amp Hull amp Nahant amp Revere amp Swampscott amp Winthrop 1891 Plate 05 WardMaps LLC Retrieved 1 July 2012 Greenwood Richard E November 5 1974 Inventory Nomination Form East Broad Top Railroad National Register of Historic Places National Park Service pp 7 3 7 4 a b c Lieberman William 2017 The Train on the Beach ISBN 9781634921831 a b c Desaulniers George Simonini Donald 2002 Images of America Winthrop Arcadia Publishing pp 41 45 ISBN 9780738509525 Whitman amp Howard 1913 Map of Winthrop via WardMaps a b Public Service Commission 1915 Second Annual Report of the Public Service Commission Vol 2 Wright and Potter Printing Company pp 871 875 via Google Books a b Public Service Commission 1920 Annual Report of the Public Service Commission Vol 1 Wright and Potter Printing Company p 129 via Google Books a b c d Kyper Frank 2010 Narrow Gauge to Boston A Nostalgic Window on the Boston Revere Beach amp Lynn Railroad South Platte Press Bruggeggenjohann Reese and Outer Station Project p 99 ISBN 9780942035872 a b c d e Cheney Frank 2003 Boston s Blue Line Arcadia Publishing pp 8 64 83 ISBN 9780738535760 a b c d e Humphrey Thomas J August 2020 Origin and Development of the Fixed Route Local Bus Transportation Network in the Cities and Towns of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority District as of December 31 1973 Revised Edition PDF NETransit Two Companies Take Over Lynn Revere Bus Service Boston Globe April 2 1940 p 6 via Newspapers com a b c OLIVER MassGIS s Online Mapping Tool Massachusetts Office of Geographic Information Retrieved 8 May 2016 a b c d e f Belcher Jonathan Changes to Transit Service in the MBTA district PDF Boston Street Railway Association Central Transportation Planning Staff 15 November 1993 The Transportation Plan for the Boston Region Volume 2 National Transportation Library Archived from the original on 21 October 2008 Retrieved 3 July 2012 Boston Elevated Railway and Boston Department of Public Utilities 1945 Boston Rapid Transit System amp Proposed Extensions 1945 Metropolitan Transit Recess Commission Air View via Wikimedia Commons Liscio David November 19 2009 Blue Line Trains Attach Sixth Car Lynn Daily Item via MBTA Blue Line Extension to Lynn P3 Project Suitability Assessment Report PDF Massachusetts Department of Transportation 11 September 2013 Annual Report of the Board of Public Trustees of the Boston Elevated Railway Company for the Year Ended December 31 1939 Boston Elevated Railway 1940 p 13 via Internet Archive McDonald Danny Serrano Alejandro Stanton Andrew March 15 2019 9 alarm fire at East Boston casket company continues to roar Boston Globe Boston Tax Parcel Viewer City of Boston Retrieved 8 May 2016 Liljestrand Robert A Sweetland David R 2002 Boston Revere Beach amp Lynn Railroad Ansonia Connecticut Bob s Photo p 32 ISBN 0934088411 LCCN 2002117786 Salem Deeds Online Search Southern Essex District Registry of Deeds Retrieved 8 May 2016 City of Lynn Massachusetts Property Assessment Data Patriot Properties Retrieved 8 May 2016 CAI Technologies January 2015 City of Lynn Assessor s Map 17 PDF City of Lynn References editHilton George W 1990 American Narrow Gauge Railroads Stanford California Stanford University Press ISBN 0 8047 2369 9 Karr Ronald Dale 1994 The Rail Lines of Southern New England A Handbook of Railroad History Branch Line Press ISBN 0 942147 02 2 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Boston Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad KML file edit help Template Attached KML Boston Revere Beach and Lynn RailroadKML is from Wikidata Plan showing location of Boston Revere Beach amp Lynn Rail Road May 1875 The Coffee Roasters of New England about the BRB amp L Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Boston Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad amp oldid 1159530372 Route 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