1959 Alberta general election
The 1959 Alberta general election was held on June 18, 1959, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.
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65 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta 33 seats were needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Ernest C. Manning, in his fifth election as party leader and provincial premier, led the Social Credit Party to its seventh consecutive term in government, with 55% of the popular vote, and all but four of the sixty five seats in the legislature.
Social Credit was also helped by a split in the opposition vote: whereas in the 1955 election, opponents were largely united behind the Liberal Party, in this election the vote was divided between the Liberals and the resurgent Progressive Conservative Party under the leadership of Cam Kirby, won almost 15% of the popular vote, placing ahead of the Liberals whose leader, Grant MacEwan lost his Calgary seat. The Tories and Liberals each won only one seat in the legislature while the Alberta CCF was shut out of the legislature for the first time in seventeen years. The other two opposition seat were taken by a Coalition candidate in Banff and an Independent Social Credit-er, both with strong local support.
Previous to this election, the Social Credit government had done away with the Instant-runoff voting system in use in the rural constituencies, and the Single Transferable Vote system in Edmonton and Calgary, both of which had been in place since 1924. The move was made, the government claimed, to prevent the waste of votes caused by votes being declared spoiled due to unsatisfactory ballot marking, to bring Alberta in line with the other provinces who were using the First past the post systems, and to stop what the government called a conspiracy by the opposition parties to gang up on the SC government. The cancellation of STV and AV also standardized and simplified voting results across the province. Under single transferable vote and instant-runoff voting, final results would take up to five days to count the necessary vote transfers, before the last seat in a multiple-member district, Edmonton nor Calgary, was declared filled. (Manning always knew he was elected only hours after the polls closed due to his high vote count on the First Count.) The delay was especially large in the Edmonton, which elected seven members in 1955.
The 1955 election had produced a large opposition in the Legislature (large by Alberta standards anyway). Besides Liberals, Conservatives and CCF-ers electing MLAs in proportion to their numbers in the cities, the government had lost a few members in rural constituencies due to IRV, when they had received the largest portion of the vote in the constituency in the First Count (but not a majority) but were not elected to the seat due to another candidate receiving many vote transfers and eventually accumulating a majority of the vote themselves. The cancellation of IRV system in the rural districts was meant to prevent this in the future.[1] The cancellation of STV in the cities gave the government a windfall of seats as well. SC candidates captured all the seats in Edmonton and all but one in Calgary although getting only 48 percent of the Edmonton city vote and only 54 percent of the Calgary vote.[2]
One or more multi-member district had been used in each Alberta election since 1909, but in 1956 it was decided to start to use only single-member districts. This, in conjunction with an increase in the number of members, allowed drastic re-drawing of district boundaries, allowing the government to suit itself. Simultaneous with cancellation of STV/AV, the government increased the number of MLAs, from 61 used in 1955 to 65 in 1959. Alongside the change to FPTP, this increase necessitated the creation of 15 new districts, the most since 1913. Almost all of these new districts were in Calgary and Edmonton, where those two previous districts were converted into 16 seats. This figure includes the oft-overlooked district of Jasper-West, which covered part of Edmonton. As well, the district of Dunvegan was created.[3]
The change was met by some harsh criticism at the time. The government was accused of changing the rules to help itself and for failing to consult the public, but it did not hurt the government's popularity at the polls.[1]
Electoral System edit
Alberta's MLAs were elected through First-past-the-post voting in single-member districts.
Results edit
| Party | Party Leader | # of candidates | Seats | Popular Vote | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | Elected | % Change | # | % | % Change | ||||
| Social Credit | Ernest C. Manning | 64 | 37 | 61 | +64.9% | 230,283 | 55.69% | +9.27% | |
| Progressive Conservative | Cam Kirby | 60 | 3 | 1 | −66.7% | 98,730 | 23.88% | +14.69% | |
| Liberal | Grant MacEwan | 51 | 15 | 1 | −93.9% | 57,408 | 13.88% | −17.25% | |
| Independent Social Credit | 2 | 1 | 1 | - | 2,393 | 0.58% | −0.14% | ||
| Coalition | Frank Gainer | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 2,279 | 0.55% | −0.66% | |
| Co-operative Commonwealth | Floyd Albin Johnson | 32 | 2 | - | −100% | 17,899 | 4.33% | −3.91% | |
| Independent | 2 | 1 | - | −100% | 3,640 | 0.88% | −0.25% | ||
| Labor–Progressive | 4 | - | - | - | 884 | 0.21% | −0.69% | ||
| Total | 216 | 61 | 65 | +6.6% | 413,516 | 100% | |||
| Source: | |||||||||
Results by riding edit
| Electoral district | Candidates | Incumbent | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Credit | PC | Liberal | CCF | Other | ||||||||
| Acadia-Coronation | Marion Kelts 2,450 57.34% | James Leland Sims 1,408 32.95% | Lester A. Lindgren 404 9.45% | |||||||||
| Alexandra | Anders O. Aalborg 2,354 59.28% | A.H. Sweet 1,248 31.43% | Hilda A. Cross 358 9.02% | Anders O. Aalborg | ||||||||
| Athabasca | Antonio Aloisio 2,333 54.17% | Robert Shopland 707 16.42% | Richard Edward Hall 1,069 24.82% | John Harry (Lab-Pro) 188 4.36% | ||||||||
| Banff-Cochrane | Robin W. Echlin 2,208 48.94% | Francis Leo Gainer (Coal) 2,279 50.51% | Francis Leo Gainer | |||||||||
| Bonnyville | Karl Earnest Nordstrom 2,465 51.50% | Victor E. Justik 860 17.97% | Jake Josvanger 1,447 30.23% | Jake Josvanger | ||||||||
| Bow Valley-Empress | William Delday 2,863 56.17% | Bryce C. Stringam (Ind.) 2213 43.42% | Bryce C. Stringam | |||||||||
| Bruce | Earl M. Hardy 2,324 55.11% | Clifford G. Patterson 833 19.75% | Clare L. Liden 534 12.66% | Edward I. Thompson 518 12.28% | ||||||||
| Calgary Bowness | Charles E. Johnston 6,681 59.09% | Bruce Norris 3,194 28.25% | Evelyn Leew 1,018 9.00% | Kay Halliday Grose 379 3.35% | ||||||||
| Calgary-Centre | Frederick C. Colborne 4,824 53.69% | Runo Carl Berglund 2,642 29.40% | Gordon Arnell 1,154 12.84% | Grant McHardy 349 3.88% | ||||||||
| Calgary-Glenmore | A. Ross Lawson 4,681 40.58% | Ernest S. Watkins 4,893 42.42% | Reg. Clarkson 1,916 16.61% | |||||||||
| Calgary-North | Rose Wilkinson 6,655 51.68% | James David Macdonald 3,385 26.29% | Grant MacEwan 2,429 18.86% | Aylmer John Eggert Liesemer 374 2.90% | ||||||||
| Calgary-North East | Albert W. Ludwig 5,945 64.02% | Melvin P. Stronach 1,829 19.70% | E. Kitch Elton 1,060 11.42% | Jack Hampson 420 4.52% | ||||||||
| Calgary-South East | Arthur J. Dixon 5,643 66.69% | Ernest Henry Starr 1,537 18.16% | Peter Petrasuk 792 9.36% | George E. Ellinson 437 5.16% | ||||||||
| Calgary-West | Donald S. Fleming 5,060 49.99% | Roy Victor Deyell 3,392 33.51% | Ted Duncan 1,397 13.80% | Ken Tory 242 2.39% | ||||||||
| Camrose | Chester I. Sayers 3,229 53.12% | John E. Stuart 1,638 26.95% | Stanley Ross Gould 732 12.04% | Archie Olstad 468 7.70% | ||||||||
| Cardston | Edgar W. Hinman 2,205 73.43% | John A. Spencer 791 26.34% | Edgar W. Hinman | |||||||||
| Clover Bar | Floyd M. Baker 3,393 57.78% | Andrew M. Adamson 1,225 20.86% | Roy C. Marler 935 15.92% | Ernest Wilfred Davies 310 5.28% | ||||||||
| Cypress | Harry E. Strom 3,199 79.09% | Wayne N. Anderson 831 20.54% | Harry E. Strom | |||||||||
| Didsbury | James Lawrence Owens 3,042 61.38% | Douglas N. Munn 1,350 27.24% | Walter P. Hourihan 556 11.22% | James Lawrence Owens | ||||||||
| Drumheller | Gordon Edward Taylor 3,922 83.84% | Eneas A. Toshach 740 15.82% | Gordon Edward Taylor | |||||||||
| Dunvegan | Joseph M. Scruggs 1,080 38.72% | Bennidict V. Griep 661 23.70% | Steven P. Tachit 648 23.23% | Floyd A. Johnson 383 13.73% | ||||||||
| Edmonton North | Ethel Sylvia Wilson 4,831 52.92% | John Verchomin 3,356 36.76% | Peter Gomuwka 881 9.65% | |||||||||
| Edmonton-Centre | Ambrose Holowach 3,912 46.53% | Gerard Joseph Amerongen 2,185 25.99% | Laurette C. Douglas 1,684 20.03% | Robert Atkin 589 7.01% | ||||||||
| Edmonton-North East | Lou W. Heard 4,960 49.52% | Allan Welsh 2,389 23.85% | Louis Marchand 1,325 13.23% | Alex Goruk 1,063 10.61% | William Harasym (Lab-Pro) 218 2.18% | |||||||
| Edmonton-North West | Edgar H. Gerhart 4,823 42.63% | Ned Feehan 3,249 28.72% | Harper McCrae 2,071 18.31% | James (Jim) Forest 1,146 10.13% | ||||||||
| Edmonton-Norwood | William Tomyn 5,071 54.49% | Nestor Marchyshyn 1,482 15.93% | P.W. Bill Jones 1,522 16.36% | Frank G. McCoy 932 10.02% | William A. Tuomi (Lab-Pro) 251 2.70% | |||||||
| Edson | Norman Alfred Willmore 3,074 56.84% | Chris. H.R. Nielsen 1,678 31.03% | Melvyn A. Parkyn 634 11.72% | Norman Alfred Willmore | ||||||||
| Gleichen | George E. Bell 2,267 59.94% | A. John Van Wezel 754 19.94% | Carman W. Ellis 752 19.88% | George E. Bell | ||||||||
| Grande Prairie | Ira McLaughlin 4,213 65.43% | David T. Williamson 1,391 21.60% | Mac Perkins 816 12.67% | Ira McLaughlin | ||||||||
| Grouard | Roy Ells 3,727 57.01% | Paul Soulodre 1,309 20.02% | Paul E. Maisonneuve 1,476 22.58% | |||||||||
| Hand Hills | Clinton Keith French 3,052 65.99% | William J. Newman 1,074 23.22% | Val Gobel 489 10.57% | Wallace Warren Cross | ||||||||
| Jasper-West | Richard H. Jamieson 5,047 40.65% | John Percy Page 4,507 36.30% | Abe William Miller 2,782 22.41% | |||||||||
| Lac La Biche | Elvin J. Woynarowich 1,518 41.27% | Henry T. Thompson 411 11.17% | Michael Maccagno 1,734 47.15% | Michael Maccagno | ||||||||
| Lac Ste. Anne | William Patterson 2,286 46.53% | L.D. Gould 1,129 22.98% | John A. Mills 907 18.46% | Charley Keeley 582 11.85% | ||||||||
| Lacombe | Allan Russell Patrick 3,089 63.42% | Denis R. Stafford 1,162 23.86% | Robert H. Carlyle 620 12.73% | Allan Russell Patrick | ||||||||
| Leduc | Peter Wyllie 1,494 33.11% | Andrew Simon Borys 676 14.98% | Ronald Earl Ansley (Ind. SoCred) 2,334 51.73% | |||||||||
| Lethbridge | John C. Landeryou 7,250 61.77% | Thomas Spanos 2,917 24.85% | Robery Henry Jeacock 1,525 12.99% | John C. Landeryou | ||||||||
| Little Bow | Peter Dawson 2,939 64.71% | Bernard W. Tonken 989 21.77% | Donald A. McNiven 603 13.28% | Peter Dawson | ||||||||
| Macleod | James Hartley 3,731 72.12% | Leo E. Toone 949 18.35% | Dennis Arthur Mouser 475 9.18% | James Hartley | ||||||||
| Medicine Hat | Elizabeth G. Robinson 5,604 64.87% | John H. Cocks 1,780 20.60% | Norma DeMan 597 6.91% | John D. Rogers 495 5.73% | Elizabeth G. Robinson | |||||||
| Okotoks-High River | Ernest G. Hansell 2,642 51.42% | James S. McLeod 1,069 20.81% | Ross Laird Ellis (Ind.) 1,427 27.77% | Ross Laird Ellis | ||||||||
| Olds | Roderick Angus Macleod 3,424 66.29% | Bruce Hanson 1,728 33.46% | Roderick Angus Macleod | |||||||||
| Peace River | William F. Gilliland 2,864 60.64% | Harold C. Sissons 1,190 25.20% | James Mann 650 13.76% | William F. Gilliland | ||||||||
| Pembina | Robin D. Jorgenson 3,436 61.50% | Frie Bredo 1,708 30.57% | Gustav Wahl 416 7.45% | Robin D. Jorgenson | ||||||||
| Pincher Creek-Crowsnest | William A. Kovach 3,145 66.89% | Alex Grant 1,133 24.10% | C. Boyden 410 8.72% | William A. Kovach | ||||||||
| Ponoka | Glen F. Johnston 2,406 49.88% | Ivor E. Davies 1,529 31.70% | Erwin E. Schultz 860 17.83% | |||||||||
| Red Deer | William Kenneth Ure 6,691 63.61% | William J. Cameron "Cam" Kirby 3,797 36.10% | ||||||||||
| Redwater | John Dubetz 2,092 49.05% | Martha P. Bielish 901 21.13% | Alfred Macyk 1,262 29.59% | |||||||||
| Rocky Mountain House | Alfred J. Hooke 3,235 74.45% | Tom Bert 660 15.19% | Raymond E. Schmidt 437 10.06% | Alfred J. Hooke | ||||||||
| Sedgewick | Jack C. Hillman 2,805 62.75% | Kenneth M. Geddes 796 17.81% | Mildred G. Redman 541 12.10% | Arthur C. Bunney 319 7.14% | Jack C. Hillman | |||||||
| Spirit River | Adolph O. Fimrite 3,010 63.68% | Charles J. Stojan 1,059 22.40% | James W. Graham 593 12.54% | C.J. Lampert (Ind. SoCred) 58 1.23% | Adolph O. Fimrite | |||||||
| St. Albert | Keith Everitt 2,157 36.28% | Stanley M. Walker 1,187 19.96% | Arthur J. Soetaert 2,082 35.02% | Earl Toane 473 7.95% | ||||||||
| St. Paul | Raymond Reierson 3,412 68.38% | Gordon Shave 534 10.70% | J. Van Brabant 1,034 20.72% | Raymond Reierson | ||||||||
| Stettler | Galen C. Norris 3,150 60.71% | Gordon Taylor 991 19.10% | Henry Kroeger 721 13.89% | Alice Ness 297 5.72% | Galen C. Norris | |||||||
| Stony Plain | Cornelia R. Wood 2,880 46.25% | Robert K. Clarkson 1,227 19.70% | John Harold McLaughlin 2,091 33.58% | John Harold McLaughlin | ||||||||
| Strathcona Centre | Joseph Donovan Ross 4,564 53.81% | Pat Walsh 2,226 26.25% | Leslie M. Lyons 1,215 14.33% | Keith Wright 422 4.98% | ||||||||
| Strathcona East | Ernest C. Manning 7,337 49.62% | James E. Simpson 3,812 25.78% | George Johnson 2,610 17.65% | Hugh Smith 999 6.76% | ||||||||
| Strathcona West | Randolph H. McKinnon 3,639 41.63% | Eric M. Duggan 2,683 30.69% | Frank J. Edwards 1,982 22.67% | H. Douglas Trace 423 4.84% | ||||||||
| Taber | Roy S. Lee 3,678 77.64% | Leslie P. Cluff 1,037 21.89% | Roy S. Lee | |||||||||
| Vegreville | Alex W. Gordey 2,248 47.63% | Joseph M. Melnychuk 531 11.25% | John Koshuta 676 14.32% | Stanley N. Ruzycki 1,253 26.55% | ||||||||
| Vermilion | Ashley H. Cooper 2,204 49.35% | D.J. Frunchak 799 17.89% | Russell James Whitson 1,224 27.41% | John P. Hocaluk (Lab-Pro) 227 5.08% | ||||||||
| Wainwright | Henry A. Ruste 3,111 64.76% | Donald Mills 831 17.30% | Henry D. Frizzell 572 11.91% | John Wesley Connelly 274 5.70% | Henry A. Ruste | |||||||
| Warner | Leonard C. Halmrast 2,430 72.52% | Mark R. Stringam 915 27.31% | Leonard C. Halmrast | |||||||||
| Wetaskiwin | John A. Wingblade 3,352 58.12% | Robert D. Angus 1,010 17.51% | Fred R. MacNaughton 642 11.13% | David Pat. Garland 749 12.99% | ||||||||
| Willingdon | Nicholas A. Melnyk 2,421 63.13% | Alex Hushlak 991 25.84% | Nick W. Svekla 392 10.22% | |||||||||