1954 Tour de France
The 1954 Tour de France was the 41st edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 8 July to 1 August 1954. It consisted of 23 stages over 4,656 km (2,893 mi). The race was won by Louison Bobet, the second of his three consecutive wins.
Route of the 1954 Tour de France followed counterclockwise, starting in Amsterdam and finishing in Paris | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Race details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dates | 8 July – 1 August 1954 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stages | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distance | 4,656 km (2,893 mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Winning time | 140h 06' 05" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Results | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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← 1953 1955 → | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teams edit
As was the custom since the 1930 Tour de France, the 1954 Tour de France was contested by national and regional teams. Seven national teams were sent, with 10 cyclists each from France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Switzerland and Luxembourg/Austria (the latter a combined team). France additionally sent five regional teams from 10 cyclists each, divided into North-East/Centre, West, South-East, Île-de-France and South-West. The combined team Luxembourg/Austria consisted of six Luxembourger cyclists, three Austrian cyclists and one from Liechtenstein. In total, 110 cyclists started the race.[1]
Notable absents were the Italian cyclists. In Italy, new sponsors had entered the market, named "extra-sportives" because they did not sell a product directly related to the sport. During the 1954 Giro d'Italia, this caused a strike, the Bernina strike. After this, the Italian federation decided not to send a team to the 1954 Tour de France.[2][3] In May, Italian Cycling Federation head Adriano Rodoni announced Italian riders would not participate in the Tour.[4]
The teams entering the race were:[1]
- France
- Netherlands
- Belgium
- Spain
- Switzerland
- Luxembourg/Austria
- North-East/Centre
- West
- South-East
- Île-de-France
- South-West
Route and stages edit
The 1954 Tour de France was the first time that the Tour had started outside France, as it started in Amsterdam.[5] Also new was the team time trial. Although around 1930 the Tour had seen stages in which the teams started separately, in 1954 the team time trial format was reintroduced in a way that only the team time counted. Also the split stages were reintroduced. Stage 4 was divided into two parts: the team time trial of 10.4 km (part A), and a regular stage of 131 km (part B), both run on the same day. Similarly, stage 21 was divided into a regular stage of 134 km (part A) and an individual time trial of 72 km (part B), also both run on the same day. There were two rest days, in Bordeaux and Lyon.[5] The highest point of elevation in the race was 2,556 m (8,386 ft) at the summit tunnel of the Col du Galibier mountain pass on stage 19.[6][7]
| Stage | Date | Course | Distance | Type | Winner | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 July | Amsterdam (Netherlands) to Brasschaat (Belgium) | 216 km (134 mi) | Plain stage | Wout Wagtmans (NED) | |
| 2 | 9 July | Beveren (Belgium) to Lille | 255 km (158 mi) | Plain stage | Louison Bobet (FRA) | |
| 3 | 10 July | Lille to Rouen | 219 km (136 mi) | Plain stage | Marcel Dussault (FRA) | |
| 4a | 11 July | Rouen to Circuit des Essarts | 10.4 km (6 mi) | Team time trial | Switzerland | |
| 4b | Rouen to Caen | 131 km (81 mi) | Plain stage | Wim van Est (NED) | ||
| 5 | 12 July | Caen to Saint-Brieuc | 224 km (139 mi) | Plain stage | Ferdinand Kübler (SUI) | |
| 6 | 13 July | Saint-Brieuc to Brest | 179 km (111 mi) | Plain stage | Dominique Forlini (FRA) | |
| 7 | 14 July | Brest to Vannes | 211 km (131 mi) | Plain stage | Jacques Vivier (FRA) | |
| 8 | 15 July | Vannes to Angers | 190 km (118 mi) | Plain stage | Fred De Bruyne (BEL) | |
| 9 | 16 July | Angers to Bordeaux | 343 km (213 mi) | Plain stage | Henk Faanhof (NED) | |
| 17 July | Bordeaux | Rest day | ||||
| 10 | 18 July | Bordeaux to Bayonne | 202 km (126 mi) | Plain stage | Gilbert Bauvin (FRA) | |
| 11 | 19 July | Bayonne to Pau | 241 km (150 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Stan Ockers (BEL) | |
| 12 | 20 July | Pau to Luchon | 161 km (100 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Gilbert Bauvin (FRA) | |
| 13 | 21 July | Luchon to Toulouse | 203 km (126 mi) | Plain stage | Fred De Bruyne (BEL) | |
| 14 | 22 July | Toulouse to Millau | 225 km (140 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Ferdinand Kübler (SUI) | |
| 15 | 23 July | Millau to Le Puy | 197 km (122 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Dominique Forlini (FRA) | |
| 16 | 24 July | Le Puy to Lyon | 194 km (121 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Jean Forestier (FRA) | |
| 25 July | Lyon | Rest day | ||||
| 17 | 26 July | Lyon to Grenoble | 182 km (113 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Lucien Lazaridès (FRA) | |
| 18 | 27 July | Grenoble to Briançon | 216 km (134 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Louison Bobet (FRA) | |
| 19 | 28 July | Briançon to Aix-les-Bains | 221 km (137 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Jean Dotto (FRA) | |
| 20 | 29 July | Aix les Bains to Besançon | 243 km (151 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Lucien Teisseire (FRA) | |
| 21a | 30 July | Besançon to Épinal | 134 km (83 mi) | Plain stage | François Mahé (FRA) | |
| 21b | Epinal to Nancy | 72 km (45 mi) | Individual time trial | Louison Bobet (FRA) | ||
| 22 | 31 July | Nancy to Troyes | 216 km (134 mi) | Plain stage | Fred De Bruyne (BEL) | |
| 23 | 1 August | Troyes to Paris | 180 km (112 mi) | Plain stage | Robert Varnajo (FRA) | |
| Total | 4,656 km (2,893 mi)[11] | |||||
Race overview edit
In the first stage, Wout Wagtmans won the sprint, and took the yellow jersey. He would remain the leader until the team time trial in stage 4, when the French team won back enough time on the Dutch team for Bobet to take over the lead.[3] In that time trial, over 10.4 km, the winning team was decided by adding the times of the three best cyclists per team. For the general classification, every cyclist got added his individual time.[12] In the second part of the fourth stage, former winner Jean Robic hit a photographer during the sprint, fell down and had to give up.[3]
In the eighth stage, Wagtmans had joined a breakaway, which won enough time on Bobet for Wagtmans to take back the yellow jersey.[3] Wagtmans fell down in the eleventh stage,[13] and although he managed to keep his lead until the start of the twelfth stage, he continued without morale.[3] In the twelfth stage in the Pyrenees, three important riders attacked: Bauvin, Bahamontes and Malléjac. They stayed ahead, and Bauvin jumped to the first position in the general classification. Bobet was not far behind these three, and moved into the second place.[14] In that twelfth stage, Hugo Koblet had fallen down, and lost 27 minutes, and his chances to win the Tour de France a second time.[15] In the next stage, Koblet gave up.[16]
In the fourteenth stage, the Swiss cyclists were fighting back. They were riding as fast as they could, and the leading group was getting smaller. Bauvin also could not keep up with that group, partly because he had a flat tire, and finished 8 minutes behind, losing the leading position. Bobet however could keep up with the Swiss pace,[2] and took over the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification.[14]
In the sixteenth stage, Bauvin lost another 20 minutes, and dropped to sixth place.[2] The Swiss cyclists had attacked Bobet where they could, but were unable to gain time on him. They had moved into second and third place of the general classification.[14] In the eighteenth stage, Bobet dominated, and dropped all of the other contenders. He won by a margin of one minute and 49 seconds, and his margin in the general classification was 12 minutes 49 seconds, which would normally be large enough for the victory.[14] Bobet also won the individual time trial, and thereby increased his margin even more.[3]
The Swiss cyclists could not attack Bobet anymore in the last stages, so Bobet won his second Tour de France. The Swiss team had performed well though, capturing the second and third place in the general classification, winning the team classification and having Kübler win the points classification.
Classification leadership and minor prizes edit
The time that each cyclist required to finish each stage was recorded, and these times were added together for the general classification. If a cyclist had received a time bonus, it was subtracted from this total; all time penalties were added to this total. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey.[17] Of the 110 cyclists that started the 1954 Tour de France, 69 finished the race.
The points classification was calculated in the same way as in 1953, following the calculation method from the Tours de France from 1905 to 1912. Points were given according to the ranking of the stage: the winner received one points, the next cyclist two points, and so on. These points were added, and the cyclist with the fewest points was the leader of the points classification. In 1954, this was won by Ferdinand Kübler.[8]
Points for the mountains classification were earned by reaching the mountain tops first.[18] The system was almost the same as in 1953: there were two types of mountain tops: the hardest ones, in category 1, gave 10 points to the first cyclist, the easier ones, in category 2, gave 6 points to the first cyclist, and the easiest ones, in category 3, gave 3 points. Federico Bahamontes won this classification.[8]
The team classification was calculated as the sum of the daily team classifications, and the daily team classification was calculated by adding the times in the stage result of the best three cyclists per team.[19] It was won by the Swiss team.[5]
In addition, there was a combativity award given after each stage to the cyclist considered most combative. The split stages each had a combined winner. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification. At the end of the Tour de France, Lucien Lazaridès and François Mahé were leading this classification with equal points and shared the overall super-combativity award.[20] The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given to the first rider to pass the memorial to Tour founder Henri Desgrange near the summit of the Col du Galibier on stage 19. This prize was won by Federico Bahamontes.[21]
Final standings edit
General classification edit
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Louison Bobet (FRA) | France | 140h 06' 05" |
| 2 | Ferdinand Kübler (SUI) | Switzerland | + 15' 49" |
| 3 | Fritz Schär (SUI) | Switzerland | + 21' 46" |
| 4 | Jean Dotto (FRA) | South-East | + 28' 21" |
| 5 | Jean Malléjac (FRA) | West | + 31' 38" |
| 6 | Stan Ockers (BEL) | Belgium | + 36' 02" |
| 7 | Louis Bergaud (FRA) | South-West | + 37' 55" |
| 8 | Vincent Vitetta (FRA) | South-East | + 41' 14" |
| 9 | Jean Brankart (BEL) | Belgium | + 42' 08" |
| 10 | Gilbert Bauvin (FRA) | North-East/Centre | + 42' 21" |
| Final general classification (11–69)[24] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 11 | Nello Lauredi (FRA) | France | + 42' 42" |
| 12 | Carlo Clerici (SUI) | Switzerland | + 56' 36" |
| 13 | Apo Lazaridès (FRA) | South-East | + 1h 04' 03" |
| 14 | Jan Nolten (NED) | Netherlands | + 1h 04' 15" |
| 15 | François Mahé (FRA) | West | + 1h 09' 03" |
| 16 | Wim van Est (NED) | Netherlands | + 1h 09' 13" |
| 17 | Gerrit Voorting (NED) | Netherlands | + 1h 10' 20" |
| 18 | Bernardo Ruiz (ESP) | Spain | + 1h 11' 28" |
| 19 | Antonin Rolland (FRA) | France | + 1h 12' 20" |
| 20 | Hein van Breenen (NED) | Netherlands | + 1h 19' 10" |
| 21 | Marcel De Mulder (BEL) | Belgium | + 1h 21' 08" |
| 22 | Richard Van Genechten (BEL) | Belgium | + 1h 24' 58" |
| 23 | Lucien Teisseire (FRA) | France | + 1h 28' 52" |
| 24 | Lucien Lazaridès (FRA) | South-East | + 1h 31' 53" |
| 25 | Federico Bahamontes (ESP) | Spain | + 1h 37' 42" |
| 26 | Adolphe Deledda (FRA) | France | + 1h 39' 46" |
| 27 | Jean Forestier (FRA) | France | + 1h 43' 48" |
| 28 | Maurice Quentin (FRA) | Île-de-France | + 1h 45' 24" |
| 29 | Alex Close (BEL) | Belgium | + 1h 56' 00" |
| 30 | Willy Kemp (LUX) | Luxembourg/Austria | + 2h 03' 21" |
| 31 | Francesco Alomar (ESP) | Spain | + 2h 15' 02" |
| 32 | Dominique Forlini (FRA) | Île-de-France | + 2h 18' 36" |
| 33 | Jean Le Guilly (FRA) | Île-de-France | + 2h 19' 48" |
| 34 | René De Smet (BEL) | Belgium | + 2h 28' 39" |
| 35 | Raymond Hoorelbeke (FRA) | Île-de-France | + 2h 29' 44" |
| 36 | Alfred De Bruyne (BEL) | Belgium | + 2h 32' 01" |
| 37 | Andrés Trobat (ESP) | Spain | + 2h 45' 10" |
| 38 | Raoul Rémy (FRA) | France | + 2h 47' 04" |
| 39 | Georges Meunier (FRA) | North-East/Centre | + 2h 49' 53" |
| 40 | Jacques Vivier (FRA) | South-West | + 2h 50' 21" |
| 41 | Robert Varnajo (FRA) | West | + 2h 55' 51" |
| 42 | Joseph Mirando (FRA) | South-East | + 2h 56' 18" |
| 43 | Emilio Rodríguez (ESP) | Spain | + 2h 57' 18" |
| 44 | José Pérez (ESP) | Spain | + 2h 59' 45" |
| 45 | Manuel Rodríguez (ESP) | Spain | + 3h 03' 25" |
| 46 | Jean-Marie Cieleska (FRA) | North-East/Centre | + 3h 06' 27" |
| 47 | Henk Faanhof (NED) | Netherlands | + 3h 09' 48" |
| 48 | Jean-Louis Carle (FRA) | Île-de-France | + 3h 17' 18" |
| 49 | André Darrigade (FRA) | France | + 3h 17' 56" |
| 50 | Remo Pianezzi (SUI) | Switzerland | + 3h 19' 56" |
| 51 | Stanislas Bober (FRA) | Île-de-France | + 3h 21' 02" |
| 52 | René Privat (FRA) | South-West | + 3h 22' 31" |
| 53 | Marcel Guitard (FRA) | South-West | + 3h 23' 58" |
| 54 | Salvador Botella (ESP) | Spain | + 3h 27' 00" |
| 55 | Francesco Masip (ESP) | Spain | + 3h 28' 59" |
| 56 | Emilio Croci-Torti (SUI) | Switzerland | + 3h 33' 20" |
| 57 | Eugène Telotte (FRA) | North-East/Centre | + 3h 37' 41" |
| 58 | Alfred Tonello (FRA) | Île-de-France | + 3h 38' 18" |
| 59 | Pierre Molinéris (FRA) | France | + 4h 09' 27" |
| 60 | Georges Gilles (FRA) | West | + 4h 15' 05" |
| 61 | Francis Siguenza (FRA) | South-East | + 4h 15' 09" |
| 62 | Marcel Dussault (FRA) | South-West | + 4h 17' 45" |
| 63 | Albert Bouvet (FRA) | West | + 4h 20' 06" |
| 64 | Marcel Hendrickx (BEL) | Belgium | + 4h 36' 29" |
| 65 | Émile Guérinel (FRA) | West | + 4h 40' 50" |
| 66 | Jean Bellay (FRA) | North-East/Centre | + 4h 44' 56" |
| 67 | Philippe Agut (FRA) | South-West | + 4h 47' 21" |
| 68 | Kurt Schneider (AUT) | Luxembourg/Austria | + 5h 50' 12" |
| 69 | Marcel Dierkens (LUX) | Luxembourg/Austria | + 6h 07' 29" |
Points classification edit
| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ferdinand Kübler (SUI) | Switzerland | 215.5 |
| 2 | Stan Ockers (BEL) | Belgium | 284.5 |
| 3 | Fritz Schär (SUI) | Switzerland | 286.5 |
| 4 | Wim van Est (NED) | Netherlands | 502.5 |
| 5 | Louison Bobet (FRA) | France | 513 |
| 6 | Gilbert Bauvin (FRA) | North-East/Centre | 615 |
| 7 | Dominique Forlini (FRA) | Île-de-France | 618 |
| 8 | Vincent Vitetta (FRA) | South-East | 653 |
| 9 | Richard Van Genechten (BEL) | Belgium | 660 |
| 10 | Jean Malléjac (FRA) | West | 675 |
Mountains classification edit
| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Federico Bahamontes (ESP) | Spain | 95 |
| 2 | Louison Bobet (FRA) | France | 53 |
| 3 | Richard Van Genechten (BEL) | Belgium | 45 |
| 4 | Jean Le Guilly (FRA) | Île-de-France | 38 |
| 5 | Jean Dotto (FRA) | South-East | 33 |
| 6 | Ferdinand Kübler (SUI) | Switzerland | 31 |
| 7 | Jean Malléjac (FRA) | West | 23 |
| 8 | Stan Ockers (BEL) | Belgium | 20 |
| Robert Varnajo (FRA) | West | ||
| 10 | Bernardo Ruiz (ESP) | Spain | 16 |
Team classification edit
| Rank | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Switzerland | 420h 29' 57" |
| 2 | France | + 18' 27" |
| 3 | Belgium | + 32' 19" |
| 4 | Netherlands | + 1h 09' 00" |
| 5 | South-East | + 1h 13' 37" |
| 6 | Spain | + 2h 26' 08" |
| 7 | West | + 2h 42' 58" |
| 8 | North-East/Centre | + 3h 50' 16" |
| 9 | South-West | + 4h 08' 31" |
| 10 | Île-de-France | + 4h 27' 52" |
| 11 | Luxembourg/Austria | + 10h 20' 27" |
Combativity classification edit
| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lucien Lazaridès (FRA) | South-East | 20 |
| François Mahé (FRA) | West | ||
| 3 | Louison Bobet (FRA) | France | 18 |
| Fred De Bruyne (BEL) | Belgium | ||
| 5 | Robert Varnajo (FRA) | West | 11 |
| 6 | René Privat (FRA) | South-West | 10 |
| Jean Dotto (FRA) | South-East | ||
| Jean Le Guilly (FRA) | Île-de-France | ||
| Richard Van Genechten (BEL) | Belgium | ||
| Vincent Vitetta (FRA) | South-East |
Aftermath edit
After he won the Tour de France, Bobet would later win the 1954 UCI Road World Championships.[2] The next year he would win the 1955 Tour de France, thereby becoming the first cyclist to win three Tours in a row.
Notes edit
- ^ No jersey was awarded to the leader of the mountains classification until a white jersey with red polka dots was introduced in 1975.[18]
References edit
- ^ a b "The history of the Tour de France – Year 1954 – The starters". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d McGann & McGann 2006, pp. 198–206.
- ^ a b c d e f Amels 1984, pp. 71–72.
- ^ "Les Italiens ne participeront pas officiellement au Tour de France" [Italians will not officially participate in the Tour de France] (PDF). Confédéré (in French). 21 May 1954. p. 2. (PDF) from the original on 25 October 2019 – via RERO.
- ^ a b c d Augendre 2016, p. 45.
- ^ Augendre 2016, pp. 177–178.
- ^ "De Ronde van Frankrijk 1954" [The Tour de France 1954]. Het Vrije Volk (in Dutch). 8 July 1954. p. 7 – via Delpher.
- ^ a b c (in French). Mémoire du cyclisme. Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
- ^ Arian Zwegers. "Tour de France GC top ten". CVCC. from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ^ . Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 3 April 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ^ Augendre 2016, p. 109.
- ^ (in French). Mémoire du cyclisme. Archived from the original on 2 March 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
- ^ "Nolten stijgt weer in het klassement" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 20 July 1954. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ^ a b c d Barry Boyce (2004). "Bobet Excels Again". Cycling Revealed. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ^ "Nolten rukt op, thans zevende" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 21 July 1954. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ^ "De Bruyne wint voor de tweede keer een etappe" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 21 July 1954. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ^ Nauright & Parrish 2012, pp. 452–453.
- ^ a b Nauright & Parrish 2012, p. 454.
- ^ Nauright & Parrish 2012, p. 455.
- ^ van den Akker 2018, pp. 211–216.
- ^ "La Vuelta a Francia" [The Tour de France] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 29 July 1954. p. 3.
- ^ "Het Tour panorama 1954" [The Tour panorama 1954]. Gazet van Antwerpen (in Dutch). 3 August 1954. p. 8. from the original on 16 February 2019.
- ^ van den Akker, Pieter. "Informatie over de Tour de France van 1954" [Information about the Tour de France from 1954]. TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl (in Dutch). from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
- ^ a b . Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 2 April 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ^ "Puntenrangschikking" [Points ranking]. Gazet van Antwerpen (in Dutch). 2 August 1954. p. 9. from the original on 3 October 2019.
- ^ "Bobet toont in de tijdrit zijn grote klasse" [Bobet shows his great class in the time trial] (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 31 July 1954.
- ^ "La Vuelta a Francia" [The Tour of France] (PDF). Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 31 July 1954. p. 5. (PDF) from the original on 3 October 2019.
- ^ "Bobet onbetwist winnaar van de Tour de France" [Bobet undisputed winner of the Tour de France] (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 2 August 1954.
- ^ "La Vuelta Ciclista a Francia" [The Cycling Tour of France] (PDF). Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 2 August 1954. p. 3. (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2019.
Bibliography edit
- Amels, Wim (1984). De geschiedenis van de Tour de France 1903–1984 (in Dutch). Valkenswaard, Netherlands: Sport-Express. ISBN 978-90-70763-05-3.
- Augendre, Jacques (2016). Guide historique [Historical guide] (PDF) (in French). Paris: Amaury Sport Organisation. (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2006). The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964. Vol. 1. Indianapolis, IN: Dog Ear Publishing. ISBN 978-1-59858-180-5.
- Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-300-2.
- Thompson, Christopher S. (2006). The Tour de France: A Cultural History. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-24760-4.
- van den Akker, Pieter (2018). Tour de France Rules and Statistics: 1903–2018. Self-published. ISBN 978-1-79398-080-9.
External links edit
Media related to Tour de France 1954 at Wikimedia Commons