1881 in Germany

Events from the year 1881 in Germany.

← 1880 1879 1878 1881 in Germany → 1882 1883 1884
Decades:	1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s
See also:	Other events of 1881 History of Germany  • Timeline  • Years

Incumbents

National level

• Kaiser – William I
• Chancellor – Otto von Bismarck

State level

Kingdoms

• King of Bavaria – Ludwig II
• King of Prussia – William I
• King of Saxony – Albert
• King of Württemberg – Charles

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick I
• Grand Duke of Hesse – Louis IV
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Frederick Francis II
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Frederick William
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Peter II
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Charles Alexander

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe – Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – George Albert, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Charles Gonthier, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• Principality of Lippe – Woldemar, Prince of Lippe
• Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz
• Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line
• Waldeck and Pyrmont – George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt – Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt
• Duke of Brunswick – William, Duke of Brunswick
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg – Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen

Events

• 31 March – last Anti-Socicalist Law is passed by the German Reichstag.
• 16 May – Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway, world's first electric tramway, starts in Berlin.
• 25 September – in Meckesheim physician Ferdinand Adolf Kehrer performs the first modern Caesarean section, the transverse incision technique to minimise bleeding.
• 27 October – German federal election, 1881

Births

• 1 January – Hermann Schmitz, German industrialist (died 1960)
• 4 January – Wilhelm Lehmbruck, German sculptor (died 1919)^[1]
• 17 January – Karl Scharnagl, German politician (died 1963)
• 16 February – Hans Vogel, German politician (died 1945)
• 16 February – Hans Meiser, German Protestant theologian, pastor and first 'Landesbischof' of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria (died 1956)
• 23 March – Hermann Staudinger, German chemist (died 1965)^[2]
• 1 April – Wilhelm Sollmann, German journalist and politician (died 1951)
• 3 April – Hans Kniep, German botanist (died 1930)
• 19 April – Ernst Schneppenhorst, German politician (died 1945)
• 2 May – Ernst Legal, German actor (died 1955)
• 18 May – Erwin Madelung, German mathematician (died 1972)
• 30 May – Georg von Küchler, German field marshal (died 1968)
• 31 May – Heinrich Burger, German figure skater (died 1942)
• 9 June – Felix von Luckner, German author, sailor and nobleman (died 1966)
• 24 June – Heinz Tietjen, German conductor (died 1967)
• 29 June – Gottlob Walz, German diver (died 1943)
• 27 July – Hans Fischer, German chemist and Nobel Prize laureate (died 1945)^[3]
• 28 July – Günther Quandt, German industrialist (died 1954)
• 8 August – Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist, German field marshal (died 1954)
• 26 August – Franz Gürtner, German jurist and politician (died 1941)
• 4 October – Walther von Brauchitsch, German field marshal (died 1948)
• 9 October – Friedrich Syrup, German politician (died 1945)
• 12 November – Ulrich von Hassell, German diplomat (died 1944)
• 12 November – Maximilian von Weichs, German field marshal (died 1954)
• 2 December – Heinrich Barkhausen, German physicist (died 1956)
• 4 December – Erwin von Witzleben, German officer (died 1944)
• 15 December – Eugen Bolz, German politician (died 1945)^[4]
• 25 December – Christian Hülsmeyer, German inventor, physicist and entrepreneur (died 1957)
• 31 December – Max Pechstein, German painter (died 1955)

Deaths

• 7 April – Johann Hinrich Wichern, German religious leader (born 1808)
• 15 May – Franz von Dingelstedt, German poet and dramatist (born 1814)
• 2 June – Friedrich Albrecht zu Eulenburg, German diplomat (born 1815)
• 23 June – Matthias Jakob Schleiden, German botanist (born 1804)
• 10 July – Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect (born 1812)
• 11 October – Friedrich Hitzig, German architect (born 1811)^[5]

References

1. "Wilhelm Lehmbruck". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
2. "Hermann Staudinger". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
3. "Hans Fischer". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
4. "Eugen Bolz" (in German). German Resistance Memorial Center. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
5. "Friedrich Hitzig" (in German). Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek. Retrieved 27 February 2024.