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Čelnik

October 27, 2023

Čelnik (Serbian Cyrillic: челник) was a high court title in the Kingdom of Serbia, Serbian Empire and Serbian Despotate.

In its early form, the holder was entrusted with the security of property belonging to the Orthodox Church from the aristocrats (compare Catholic Vidame), so the holder appeared in the role of a judge or executor of the ruler's decisions, in disputes between the church and the nobility.

At the beginning of the 15th century, during the Serbian Despotate, the title of veliki čelnik (велики челник, "grand čelnik") was the equivalent of count palatine and was the highest court title, with the title-holders holding great provinces, property and honours.

History edit

During the reign of King Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321), the title holder was entrusted with the security of property belonging to the Church from the aristocrats, so the holder appeared in the role of a judge or executor of the ruler's decisions, in disputes between the church and the nobility.[1] At that time the title of čelnik was of a higher rank than stavilac, but lower than kaznac and tepčija, with vojvoda being the supreme title.[2] It is unclear if there was one or several with that title at the court at that time.[2]

During King Stefan Dečanski's reign there were two or three title holders at the same time.[3] During Stefan Dušan's reign, the title of veliki čelnik is first mentioned. The veliki čelnik supervised over several čelniks,[4] each čelnik being a commander of military fortifications (and presumably its troops)[5] or a senior (starešina) of a larger number of villages.[6] After Jovan Oliver and Dimitrije, it seems that the title was not given at the court of Stefan Dušan.[7] During the service of Branilo (fl. 1347) and Đurica (fl. 1350), there is also a mention of Andronik, a čelnik in Polog, though he likely was not of the same category as the former two.[6]

List of known čelniks edit

  • Gradislav Vojšić (fl. 1284–1327), served Stefan Milutin (fl. 1284).[8]
  • Branko (fl. 1306–19), served Stefan Milutin (fl. 1305–06).[8]
  • Đuraš Ilijić (fl. 1326–1362), served Stefan Dečanski (fl. 1326).[2]
  • Gradislav Vojšić (fl. 1284–1327), served Stefan Dečanski (fl. 1327).[2]
  • Vukdrag (d. 1327), served Stefan Dečanski.[2]
  • Branilo, served Stefan Dušan (fl. 1347).[3]
  • Đurica, served Stefan Dušan (fl. 1350).[3]
  • Andronik, served Stefan Dušan (fl. 1350).[6]
  • Stanislav, served the Dejanović (fl. 1377).
  • Musa, served Uroš V
  • Vuk, čelnik, served Stefan Lazarević (fl. 1402)[9]
  • Đurađ Golemović (fl. 1453), čelnik, served Đurađ Branković.[10]
  • Miloš,
  • Miloš Pović (fl. 1370)
  • Smil

Veliki čelnik edit

At the beginning of the 15th century, during the Serbian Despotate, the title of veliki čelnik was the equivalent of count palatine and was the highest court title, with the title-holders holding great provinces, property and honours. Of these, Radič (fl. 1413–41) was the most notable.

List of known veliki čelniks edit

  • Jovan Oliver, veliki čelnik, served Stefan Dušan (before 1340)[3]
  • Dimitrije, veliki čelnik, served Stefan Dušan (before 1349), [3] then Uroš V (fl. 1359)
  • Hrebeljan, veliki čelnik, served Stefan Lazarević (fl. 1405)[11]
  • Radoslav,
  • Radič, veliki? čelnik, served Stefan Lazarević.
  • Radič, served Đurađ Branković (fl. 1429)
  • Mihailo Anđelović (fl. 1458), served Đurađ and Lazar Branković.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Сима Ћирковић; Раде Михальчић (1999). Лексикон српског средњег века. Knowledge. p. 813. ISBN 9788683233014.

    На двору краља Милутина 1284. године налазио се челник Градислав, а касније ( 1 305/06) челник Бранко. Овој категорији челника биће поверена заштита црквених земљопоседа од самовоље властеле, па се они појављују у улози судија или извршитеља владаревих одлука, када су у питању спорови између цркава и властеле.
  2. ^ a b c d e Blagojević 2001, p. 211.
  3. ^ a b c d e Blagojević 2001, p. 212.
  4. ^ Blagojević 2001, p. 209.
  5. ^ Blagojević 2001, p. 213.
  6. ^ a b c Blagojević 2001, p. 215.
  7. ^ Blagojević 2001, p. 237.
  8. ^ a b Blagojević 2001, p. 210.
  9. ^ Blagojević 2001, p. 231.
  10. ^ Blagojević 2001, p. 243.
  11. ^ Srejović, Gavrilović & Ćirković 1982, p. 120.

Sources edit

  • Blagojević, Miloš (2001). Државна управа у српским средњовековним земљама [State administration in the Serb medieval lands]. Službeni list SRJ. ISBN 9788635504971.
  • Ćirković, Sima; Mihaljčić, Rade (1999). Лексикон српског средњег века (in Serbian). Knowledge. ISBN 9788683233014.
  • Mandić, Svetislav (1986). Velika gospoda sve srpske zemlje i drugi prosopografski prilozi (in Serbian). Srpska književna zadruga. ISBN 9788637900122.
  • Srejović, Dragoslav; Gavrilović, Slavko; Ćirković, Sima M. (1982). Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Od najstarijih vremena do Maričke bitke (1371) (in Serbian). Srpska književna zadruga.

October 27, 2023
Čelnik, serbian, cyrillic, челник, high, court, title, kingdom, serbia, serbian, empire, serbian, despotate, early, form, holder, entrusted, with, security, property, belonging, orthodox, church, from, aristocrats, compare, catholic, vidame, holder, appeared, . Celnik Serbian Cyrillic chelnik was a high court title in the Kingdom of Serbia Serbian Empire and Serbian Despotate In its early form the holder was entrusted with the security of property belonging to the Orthodox Church from the aristocrats compare Catholic Vidame so the holder appeared in the role of a judge or executor of the ruler s decisions in disputes between the church and the nobility At the beginning of the 15th century during the Serbian Despotate the title of veliki celnik veliki chelnik grand celnik was the equivalent of count palatine and was the highest court title with the title holders holding great provinces property and honours Contents 1 History 1 1 List of known celniks 2 Veliki celnik 2 1 List of known veliki celniks 3 See also 4 References 5 SourcesHistory editDuring the reign of King Stefan Milutin r 1282 1321 the title holder was entrusted with the security of property belonging to the Church from the aristocrats so the holder appeared in the role of a judge or executor of the ruler s decisions in disputes between the church and the nobility 1 At that time the title of celnik was of a higher rank than stavilac but lower than kaznac and tepcija with vojvoda being the supreme title 2 It is unclear if there was one or several with that title at the court at that time 2 During King Stefan Decanski s reign there were two or three title holders at the same time 3 During Stefan Dusan s reign the title of veliki celnik is first mentioned The veliki celnik supervised over several celniks 4 each celnik being a commander of military fortifications and presumably its troops 5 or a senior staresina of a larger number of villages 6 After Jovan Oliver and Dimitrije it seems that the title was not given at the court of Stefan Dusan 7 During the service of Branilo fl 1347 and Đurica fl 1350 there is also a mention of Andronik a celnik in Polog though he likely was not of the same category as the former two 6 List of known celniks edit Gradislav Vojsic fl 1284 1327 served Stefan Milutin fl 1284 8 Branko fl 1306 19 served Stefan Milutin fl 1305 06 8 Đuras Ilijic fl 1326 1362 served Stefan Decanski fl 1326 2 Gradislav Vojsic fl 1284 1327 served Stefan Decanski fl 1327 2 Vukdrag d 1327 served Stefan Decanski 2 Branilo served Stefan Dusan fl 1347 3 Đurica served Stefan Dusan fl 1350 3 Andronik served Stefan Dusan fl 1350 6 Stanislav served the Dejanovic fl 1377 Musa served Uros V Vuk celnik served Stefan Lazarevic fl 1402 9 Đurađ Golemovic fl 1453 celnik served Đurađ Brankovic 10 Milos Milos Povic fl 1370 SmilVeliki celnik editAt the beginning of the 15th century during the Serbian Despotate the title of veliki celnik was the equivalent of count palatine and was the highest court title with the title holders holding great provinces property and honours Of these Radic fl 1413 41 was the most notable List of known veliki celniks edit Jovan Oliver veliki celnik served Stefan Dusan before 1340 3 Dimitrije veliki celnik served Stefan Dusan before 1349 3 then Uros V fl 1359 Hrebeljan veliki celnik served Stefan Lazarevic fl 1405 11 Radoslav Radic veliki celnik served Stefan Lazarevic Radic served Đurađ Brankovic fl 1429 Mihailo Anđelovic fl 1458 served Đurađ and Lazar Brankovic See also editSerbian titles Medieval noble titlesReferences edit Sima Ћirkoviћ Rade Mihalchiћ 1999 Leksikon srpskog sredњeg veka Knowledge p 813 ISBN 9788683233014 Na dvoru kraљa Milutina 1284 godine nalazio se chelnik Gradislav a kasniјe 1 305 06 chelnik Branko Ovoј kategoriјi chelnika biћe poverena zashtita crkvenih zemљoposeda od samovoљe vlastele pa se oni poјavљuјu u ulozi sudiјa ili izvrshiteљa vladarevih odluka kada su u pitaњu sporovi izmeђu crkava i vlastele a b c d e Blagojevic 2001 p 211 a b c d e Blagojevic 2001 p 212 Blagojevic 2001 p 209 Blagojevic 2001 p 213 a b c Blagojevic 2001 p 215 Blagojevic 2001 p 237 a b Blagojevic 2001 p 210 Blagojevic 2001 p 231 Blagojevic 2001 p 243 Srejovic Gavrilovic amp Cirkovic 1982 p 120 Sources editBlagojevic Milos 2001 Drzhavna uprava u srpskim sredњovekovnim zemљama State administration in the Serb medieval lands Sluzbeni list SRJ ISBN 9788635504971 Cirkovic Sima Mihaljcic Rade 1999 Leksikon srpskog sredњeg veka in Serbian Knowledge ISBN 9788683233014 Mandic Svetislav 1986 Velika gospoda sve srpske zemlje i drugi prosopografski prilozi in Serbian Srpska knjizevna zadruga ISBN 9788637900122 Srejovic Dragoslav Gavrilovic Slavko Cirkovic Sima M 1982 Istorija srpskog naroda knj Od najstarijih vremena do Maricke bitke 1371 in Serbian Srpska knjizevna zadruga Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Celnik amp oldid 1176464203, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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