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The engines had an output of 900 kW (1,210 hp) and capable of a speed of up 70 km/h (43 mph). Their light weight per axle made them capable of hauling both passenger and goods trains on most of the État's network.
The engines' performances were honorable, and could haul 1000 ton trains at 50 km/h (31 mph) on the level, 550 ton trains at the same speed on gradients of 10‰ (1 in 100) and 260 ton trains on gradients of 20‰ (1 in 50).
ConstructionEdit
The 340 locomotives were ordered in three series. The first series, 70 locomotives, numbered 140-101 to 140-170 were built in France by Schneider et Cie. at Le Creusot, SACM at Belfort, and Fives-Lille. These were built and were put into service in 1913.
The declaration of war in 1914 forced the Chemin de fer de l'État to entrust the construction of the second series of 200 locomotives to Nasmyth, Wilson and Company of Manchester and North British Locomotive Company of Glasgow. Two hundred engines, numbered 140-171 to 140-370, were delivered in 1916 and 1917. Six engines (140-337, 338, 339, 340, 368 and 369) were lost at sea on 30 April 1918, when the cargo ship transporting them, the SS Saint Chamond was torpedoed off the north Cornish coast, 14 nautical miles north of St Ives Head. These engines were mostly used for hauling freight trains.
The third series of 70 locomotives was ordered by the French rail-mounted heavy artillery (Artillerie Lourde sur Voie Ferrée, ALVF). They were numbered 1 to 70, and half were built by North British Locomotive in 1916, and the other half by Vulcan Foundry between 1919 and 1920. After the war, these 70 locomotives were sold, with the NBL-built locomotives going to the Chemins de fer de l'Est as Est 40.001 to 40.035, and the VF-built locomotives to the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM) as 140.K.1 to 140.K.35.
On the formation of the SNCF in 1938, the Est locomotives became 1-140.C.to 1-140.C.35; the État locomotives became 3-140.C.101 to 3-140.C.370; and the PLM locomotives 5-140.K.1 to 5-140.K.35. After World War II, the locomotives were concentrated in the Eastern Region, and while the ex-État locomotives only needed their region prefix changed from "3" to "1", the ex-PLM locomotives were renumbered to 1-140.C.36 to 1-140.C.70.
ServiceEdit
The 140.Cs were allocated to all the main État depots, Mézidon, Le Mans, Rennes, Brest, Nantes and Bordeaux, and were used to haul many of the company's express trains; Paris-Le Havre, Paris-Cherbourg, Paris-Granville and on the Chemin de fer de Grande Ceinture.
The 140.Cs, hired out to CFTA, were the last steam locomotives in regular day-to-day commercial use on the French railway network. Their final area of operation was the CFTA Réseau Franche-Comté, whose HQ was at Gray, Haute-Saône. Operations were mainly centred on the line from Gray to Châtillon-sur-Seine and Troyes (in Champagne). After the end of SNCF operated steam in 1974, the 140 Cs became the last operating 'main line' French steam locomotives. 140 C 287 pulled the last ever commercial steam train on French railway metals on 24 September 1975 between Gray and Sainte-Colombe.
PreservationEdit
Four locomotives, 140.C.230, 140.C.231, 140.C.313 and 140.C.314 were, thanks to their general good condition, chosen by the CFTA to form a reserve pool of engines. They received servicing at Le Mans in 1970 and were taken to Chaumont engine shed in February 1971. None of the engines were ever reused and 140.C.230 was the only locomotive of the group of four to be scrapped. 140.C.231 was then taken from Chaumont to Longueville on 22 October 1972. 140.C.231, along with tender 18.C.482 is owned by the AJECTA and is chartered on French railways
Due to their prolonged use on parts of SNCF and on the CFTA, a total of eight engines are preserved :—
140.C.22 (NBL 21544 of 1916)
140.C.27 (NBL 21549 of 1916)
140.C.38 (VF 3237 of 1919) is at Train à vapeur en Limousin
140.C.231 (NBL 21376 of 1916) and tender 18.C.482 are owned by AJECTA, and listed as a Monument historique.
140.C.314 (NBL 21651 of 1917) owned by the Chemin de fer touristique du Vermandois (CFVT) and is used on its line.
140.C.344 (NBL 21581 of 1917) is part of Cité du train, Mulhouse
Only one Vulcan-built 140.C was saved (all Nasmyth, Wilson & Co. engines were scrapped) and none of the prewar engines (built in France) survived into preservation.
ReferencesEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to État 140-101 to 140-370.
Davies, John (August 2001). Chemins de fer de l'État Locomotive List 1878–1938. Woodbridge, Queensland: Dr. John Davies. pp. 85–90. ISBN0-7316-8442-7.
October 20, 2023
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This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Etat 140 101 to 140 370 news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2016 Etat 140 101 to 140 370 is a class of 2 8 0 steam locomotive of the Chemins de fer de l Etat and subsequently the Societe Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais SNCF Etat 140 101 to 140 370SNCF 140 CK140 C 231 at Nogent sur Seine station 24 May 1987Type and originPower typeSteamBuilderSACM 20 Schneider et Cie 25 Fives Lille 25 Nasmyth Wilson and Company 20 North British Locomotive Co 215 Vulcan Foundry 35 Build date1913 1920SpecificationsConfiguration Whyte2 8 0 UIC1 D h2Gauge1 435 mm 4 ft 8 1 2 in Leading dia 0 860 m 2 ft 9 9 in Driver dia 1 440 m 4 ft 8 7 in Length11 75 m 38 ft 7 in Adhesive weight64 5 67 9 tonnes 63 5 66 8 long tons 71 1 74 8 short tons Loco weight73 2 77 4 tonnes 72 0 76 2 long tons 80 7 85 3 short tons Tender weight45 49 5 tonnes 44 3 48 7 long tons 49 6 54 6 short tons Fuel typeCoalFuel capacity5 tonnes 4 9 long tons 5 5 short tons Water cap 18 000 litres 4 000 imp gal 4 800 US gal Firebox Firegrate area3 16 m2 34 0 sq ft Boiler pressure1 2 1 4 MPa 170 200 lbf in2 Heating surface172 46 m2 1 856 3 sq ft Superheater TypeSchmidt or Robinson Heating area49 0 m2 527 sq ft CylindersTwo outsideCylinder size590 mm 640 mm 23 23 in 25 20 in Performance figuresPower output900 kW 1 210 hp Tractive effort157 8 184 1 kN 35 470 41 390 lbf CareerOperatorsChemin de fer de l Etat SNCFClassSNCF 3 140 CNumber in class340Numbers140 001 to 070and 140 101 to 370 Contents 1 Design 2 Construction 3 Service 4 Preservation 5 ReferencesDesign EditThe engines had an output of 900 kW 1 210 hp and capable of a speed of up 70 km h 43 mph Their light weight per axle made them capable of hauling both passenger and goods trains on most of the Etat s network The engines performances were honorable and could haul 1000 ton trains at 50 km h 31 mph on the level 550 ton trains at the same speed on gradients of 10 1 in 100 and 260 ton trains on gradients of 20 1 in 50 Construction EditThe 340 locomotives were ordered in three series The first series 70 locomotives numbered 140 101 to 140 170 were built in France by Schneider et Cie at Le Creusot SACM at Belfort and Fives Lille These were built and were put into service in 1913 The declaration of war in 1914 forced the Chemin de fer de l Etat to entrust the construction of the second series of 200 locomotives to Nasmyth Wilson and Company of Manchester and North British Locomotive Company of Glasgow Two hundred engines numbered 140 171 to 140 370 were delivered in 1916 and 1917 Six engines 140 337 338 339 340 368 and 369 were lost at sea on 30 April 1918 when the cargo ship transporting them the SS Saint Chamond was torpedoed off the north Cornish coast 14 nautical miles north of St Ives Head These engines were mostly used for hauling freight trains Table of Etat orders Year Manufacturer Serial nos Etat nos SNCF nos Notes1913 SACM Belfort 6560 6579 140 101 140 120 3 140 C 101 1201913 Schneider et Cie 3262 3286 140 121 140 145 3 140 C 121 1451913 Fives Lille 3970 3994 140 146 140 170 3 140 C 146 1701916 North British Loco Co 21316 21395 140 171 140 250 3 140 C 171 2501916 1917 Nasmyth Wilson amp Co 1120 1139 140 251 140 270 3 140 C 251 2701917 North British Loco Co 21608 21657 140 271 140 320 3 140 C 271 320 NBL Order No L 6811917 North British Loco Co 21558 21607 140 321 140 370 1 140 C 321 370 NBL Order No L 680The third series of 70 locomotives was ordered by the French rail mounted heavy artillery Artillerie Lourde sur Voie Ferree ALVF They were numbered 1 to 70 and half were built by North British Locomotive in 1916 and the other half by Vulcan Foundry between 1919 and 1920 After the war these 70 locomotives were sold with the NBL built locomotives going to the Chemins de fer de l Est as Est 40 001 to 40 035 and the VF built locomotives to the Chemins de fer de Paris a Lyon et a la Mediterranee PLM as 140 K 1 to 140 K 35 Table of ALVF orders Year Manufacturer Serial nos ALVF nos Est PLM nos SNCF nos Notes1916 North British Locomotive Co 21523 21557 1 35 Est 40 001 40 035 1 140 C 1 351919 1920 Vulcan Foundry 3235 3269 36 70 140 K 1 35 PLM 5 140 K 1 35On the formation of the SNCF in 1938 the Est locomotives became 1 140 C to 1 140 C 35 the Etat locomotives became 3 140 C 101 to 3 140 C 370 and the PLM locomotives 5 140 K 1 to 5 140 K 35 After World War II the locomotives were concentrated in the Eastern Region and while the ex Etat locomotives only needed their region prefix changed from 3 to 1 the ex PLM locomotives were renumbered to 1 140 C 36 to 1 140 C 70 Service EditThe 140 Cs were allocated to all the main Etat depots Mezidon Le Mans Rennes Brest Nantes and Bordeaux and were used to haul many of the company s express trains Paris Le Havre Paris Cherbourg Paris Granville and on the Chemin de fer de Grande Ceinture The 140 Cs hired out to CFTA were the last steam locomotives in regular day to day commercial use on the French railway network Their final area of operation was the CFTA Reseau Franche Comte whose HQ was at Gray Haute Saone Operations were mainly centred on the line from Gray to Chatillon sur Seine and Troyes in Champagne After the end of SNCF operated steam in 1974 the 140 Cs became the last operating main line French steam locomotives 140 C 287 pulled the last ever commercial steam train on French railway metals on 24 September 1975 between Gray and Sainte Colombe Preservation EditFour locomotives 140 C 230 140 C 231 140 C 313 and 140 C 314 were thanks to their general good condition chosen by the CFTA to form a reserve pool of engines They received servicing at Le Mans in 1970 and were taken to Chaumont engine shed in February 1971 None of the engines were ever reused and 140 C 230 was the only locomotive of the group of four to be scrapped 140 C 231 was then taken from Chaumont to Longueville on 22 October 1972 140 C 231 along with tender 18 C 482 is owned by the AJECTA and is chartered on French railwaysDue to their prolonged use on parts of SNCF and on the CFTA a total of eight engines are preserved 140 C 22 NBL 21544 of 1916 140 C 27 NBL 21549 of 1916 140 C 38 VF 3237 of 1919 is at Train a vapeur en Limousin 140 C 231 NBL 21376 of 1916 and tender 18 C 482 are owned by AJECTA and listed as a Monument historique 140 C 287 NBL 21624 of 1917 140 C 313 NBL 21650 of 1917 is plinthed at Reims railway station 140 C 314 NBL 21651 of 1917 owned by the Chemin de fer touristique du Vermandois CFVT and is used on its line 140 C 344 NBL 21581 of 1917 is part of Cite du train MulhouseOnly one Vulcan built 140 C was saved all Nasmyth Wilson amp Co engines were scrapped and none of the prewar engines built in France survived into preservation References Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Etat 140 101 to 140 370 Davies John August 2001 Chemins de fer de l Etat Locomotive List 1878 1938 Woodbridge Queensland Dr John Davies pp 85 90 ISBN 0 7316 8442 7 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Etat 140 101 to 140 370 amp oldid 1144561683, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
