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Pharaoh (film)

February 23, 2023

Pharaoh (Polish: Faraon) is a 1966 Polish film directed by Jerzy Kawalerowicz and adapted from the eponymous novel by the Polish writer Bolesław Prus. In 1967, it was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.[2] It was also entered into the 1966 Cannes Film Festival.[3] It sold more than 7 million tickets in Poland, becoming one of the highest-grossing Polish films of all time.[1] Pharaoh is among 21 digitally restored classic Polish films chosen for Martin Scorsese Presents: Masterpieces of Polish Cinema.[4]

Pharaoh
Publicity still
Directed byJerzy Kawalerowicz
Written by
Starring
CinematographyJerzy Wójcik
Edited byWiesława Otocka
Music byAdam Walaciński
Release date
  • 11 March 1966 (1966-03-11)
Running time
175 minutes
CountryPoland
LanguagePolish
Box office7 million tickets[1]

Novel

Pharaoh (Prus novel) (Polish: Faraon) is the fourth and last major novel by the Polish writer Bolesław Prus (1847–1912). Composed over a year's time in 1894–95, serialized in 1895–96, and published in book form in 1897. It was the sole historical novel by the author.[5]

Jerzy Kawalerowicz, who had previously directed such films as Cellulose (1953), Under the Phrygian Star (1954), The Shade (1956), The Real End of the Great War (1957), Night Train (1959) and Mother Joan of the Angels (1961), turned in the 1960s to Bolesław Prus' novel Pharaoh because, he said, "There are brilliant things in it.... The drama of power in Pharaoh is incredibly topical and contemporary. The mechanics don't change all that much."

Kawalerowicz's co-author of the scenario, Tadeusz Konwicki, commented: "It's not a historical novel in the full sense of the word, it's above all a penetrating analysis of a system of power.... The story of Ramses XIII is a typical example of the actions of a young person who enters upon life with a faith and need for renewal. He does not yet know anything about higher reasons of state, he has no interest in the laws governing the complex apparatus of power. It seems to him that he is the person to change the existing order of things."[6]

Film

Pharaoh's production took three years, beginning in the fall of 1962 with the setting up of a studio in Łódź which did in-depth studies of the costumes and realia of life in ancient Egypt. Filming took place in Europe, Asia and Africa. Most of the indoor scenes of the pharaoh's palace, the temples and the Labyrinth were shot at the Łódź studio. The Warsaw River Shipyard built an Egyptian ship according to drawings from 4,000 years ago. An artificial island was created on Lake Kirsajty, near Giżycko, Poland, and planted with palms and lotus for the scene involving Ramses' row on the Nile with Sara.[6]

Mass scenes were filmed mainly in Uzbekistan's part of the Kyzyl Kum Desert. The crew spent nearly five months there, working in very difficult conditions—at the height of summer, the noon temperature exceeded 50 degrees Celsius (122 Fahrenheit); the temperature of the sand, 80 degrees Celsius (176 Fahrenheit). Film stock had to be kept in cold storage. A very vexatious thing was the ubiquitous dust. Every day, 10,000 bottles of mineral water were delivered to the shooting location. Hazards included sand vipers and venomous spiders that launched themselves at people from a couple of yards' distance.[6]

Some scenes were filmed at authentic Egyptian locales. For example, the scene in which Prince Ramses learns that his father Pharaoh Ramses XII has died and that he has now become Pharaoh Ramses XIII, takes place against the backdrop of the pyramids of Giza; but the crowds of tourists and the present-day appearance of the area made it near-impossible to find good takes. One of the many consultants on the film was Poland's Professor Kazimierz Michałowski, a world authority in Egyptology. Another was Shadi Abdel Salam, an Egyptian film director and costume designer, who had consulted on the 1963 Cleopatra.[6] Abdel Salam was the costume designer for Pharaoh.

In adapting Bolesław Prus' novel to the screen, the film's producers made a number of notable decisions. One was to keep the film in a predominantly golden-yellowish register and to almost eliminate bright colors; bright foliage appears only once—in the scene with Ramses and Sara on the Nile.[6] During the military maneuvers that open the film, an incident has been introduced that does not appear in the novel, involving the wrangling down of a horse. Near the movie's end, High Priest Mefres is dispatched by the Keepers of the Labyrinth not with a chloroform-like substance, but with a rope looped around his neck and pulled tight by its ends, several yards apart. Pharaoh is among 21 digitally restored classic Polish films chosen for Martin Scorsese Presents: Masterpieces of Polish Cinema.[7]

Plot

The young pharaoh, Ramesses XIII, intends to reform Ancient Egypt. Herhor the priest opposes him. The power struggle between them is the focus of the film.[8] Other themes include the friendship with Pentuer the priest, the love for Sara the beautiful Jewess and Kama the priestess. It is also the story of the secret pact with Assyria, the Solar eclipse and how the priests used it to subdue the crowds, and the assassination of Ramses XIII at the hands of his look-alike. A historical fresco of universal meaning, revealing the mechanisms of power and the influence of religion on social life. [9]

Cast

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Ford, Charles; Hammond, Robert (2015). Polish Film: A Twentieth Century History. McFarland & Company. p. 107. ISBN 978-1-4766-0803-7.
  2. ^ "The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  3. ^ "Festival de Cannes: Pharaoh". festival-cannes.com. Retrieved 2009-03-07.
  4. ^ Martin Scorsese Presents 21 Masterpieces
  5. ^ Lukaszewicz, A. (January 2017). "Boleslaw prus' "faraon" ("pharaoh")-ancient Egypt and polish context". Pamietnik Literacki. 108 (2): 27–53 – via ResearchGate.
  6. ^ a b c d e Leon Schiller State School, "Faraon."
  7. ^ Martin Scorsese Presents 21 Masterpieces , Scorsese Restores!
  8. ^ Pharaoh - Jerzy Kawalerowicz
  9. ^ "Jerzy Kawalerowicz".
  10. ^ Faraon (Polish) Leon Schiller State School of Film, Television and Theater, "Faraon."

External links

February 23, 2023
pharaoh, film, pharaoh, polish, faraon, 1966, polish, film, directed, jerzy, kawalerowicz, adapted, from, eponymous, novel, polish, writer, bolesław, prus, 1967, nominated, academy, award, best, foreign, language, film, also, entered, into, 1966, cannes, film,. Pharaoh Polish Faraon is a 1966 Polish film directed by Jerzy Kawalerowicz and adapted from the eponymous novel by the Polish writer Boleslaw Prus In 1967 it was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film 2 It was also entered into the 1966 Cannes Film Festival 3 It sold more than 7 million tickets in Poland becoming one of the highest grossing Polish films of all time 1 Pharaoh is among 21 digitally restored classic Polish films chosen for Martin Scorsese Presents Masterpieces of Polish Cinema 4 PharaohPublicity stillDirected byJerzy KawalerowiczWritten byJerzy KawalerowiczTadeusz KonwickiBoleslaw PrusStarringJerzy ZelnikWieslawa MazurkiewiczBarbara BrylskaKrystyna MikolajewskaCinematographyJerzy WojcikEdited byWieslawa OtockaMusic byAdam WalacinskiRelease date11 March 1966 1966 03 11 Running time175 minutesCountryPolandLanguagePolishBox office7 million tickets 1 Contents 1 Novel 2 Film 3 Plot 4 Cast 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksNovel EditPharaoh Prus novel Polish Faraon is the fourth and last major novel by the Polish writer Boleslaw Prus 1847 1912 Composed over a year s time in 1894 95 serialized in 1895 96 and published in book form in 1897 It was the sole historical novel by the author 5 Jerzy Kawalerowicz who had previously directed such films as Cellulose 1953 Under the Phrygian Star 1954 The Shade 1956 The Real End of the Great War 1957 Night Train 1959 and Mother Joan of the Angels 1961 turned in the 1960s to Boleslaw Prus novel Pharaoh because he said There are brilliant things in it The drama of power in Pharaoh is incredibly topical and contemporary The mechanics don t change all that much Kawalerowicz s co author of the scenario Tadeusz Konwicki commented It s not a historical novel in the full sense of the word it s above all a penetrating analysis of a system of power The story of Ramses XIII is a typical example of the actions of a young person who enters upon life with a faith and need for renewal He does not yet know anything about higher reasons of state he has no interest in the laws governing the complex apparatus of power It seems to him that he is the person to change the existing order of things 6 Film EditPharaoh s production took three years beginning in the fall of 1962 with the setting up of a studio in Lodz which did in depth studies of the costumes and realia of life in ancient Egypt Filming took place in Europe Asia and Africa Most of the indoor scenes of the pharaoh s palace the temples and the Labyrinth were shot at the Lodz studio The Warsaw River Shipyard built an Egyptian ship according to drawings from 4 000 years ago An artificial island was created on Lake Kirsajty near Gizycko Poland and planted with palms and lotus for the scene involving Ramses row on the Nile with Sara 6 Mass scenes were filmed mainly in Uzbekistan s part of the Kyzyl Kum Desert The crew spent nearly five months there working in very difficult conditions at the height of summer the noon temperature exceeded 50 degrees Celsius 122 Fahrenheit the temperature of the sand 80 degrees Celsius 176 Fahrenheit Film stock had to be kept in cold storage A very vexatious thing was the ubiquitous dust Every day 10 000 bottles of mineral water were delivered to the shooting location Hazards included sand vipers and venomous spiders that launched themselves at people from a couple of yards distance 6 Some scenes were filmed at authentic Egyptian locales For example the scene in which Prince Ramses learns that his father Pharaoh Ramses XII has died and that he has now become Pharaoh Ramses XIII takes place against the backdrop of the pyramids of Giza but the crowds of tourists and the present day appearance of the area made it near impossible to find good takes One of the many consultants on the film was Poland s Professor Kazimierz Michalowski a world authority in Egyptology Another was Shadi Abdel Salam an Egyptian film director and costume designer who had consulted on the 1963 Cleopatra 6 Abdel Salam was the costume designer for Pharaoh In adapting Boleslaw Prus novel to the screen the film s producers made a number of notable decisions One was to keep the film in a predominantly golden yellowish register and to almost eliminate bright colors bright foliage appears only once in the scene with Ramses and Sara on the Nile 6 During the military maneuvers that open the film an incident has been introduced that does not appear in the novel involving the wrangling down of a horse Near the movie s end High Priest Mefres is dispatched by the Keepers of the Labyrinth not with a chloroform like substance but with a rope looped around his neck and pulled tight by its ends several yards apart Pharaoh is among 21 digitally restored classic Polish films chosen for Martin Scorsese Presents Masterpieces of Polish Cinema 7 Plot EditThe young pharaoh Ramesses XIII intends to reform Ancient Egypt Herhor the priest opposes him The power struggle between them is the focus of the film 8 Other themes include the friendship with Pentuer the priest the love for Sara the beautiful Jewess and Kama the priestess It is also the story of the secret pact with Assyria the Solar eclipse and how the priests used it to subdue the crowds and the assassination of Ramses XIII at the hands of his look alike A historical fresco of universal meaning revealing the mechanisms of power and the influence of religion on social life 9 Cast EditRamses XIII and his look alike Lykon Jerzy Zelnik Herhor High Priest of Amon Piotr Pawlowski Pentuer priest Herhor s assistant Leszek Herdegen Thutmose Ramses XIII s cousin Emir Buczacki Ennana Egyptian army officer Ryszard Ronczewski Fellah Jerzy Block Sara Ramses XIII s mistress mother of his son Seti Krystyna Mikolajewska Ramses XII father of Ramses XIII Andrzej Girtler Nitager Egyptian general Wiktor Grotowicz Queen Nikotris mother of Ramses XIII Wieslawa Mazurkiewicz Berossus Chaldean priest Kazimierz Opalinski Mefres Egyptian high priest Stanislaw Milski Mentezufis Egyptian priest Jozef Czerniawski Dagon Phoenician merchant Edward Raczkowski Rabsun Phoenician merchant Marian Nosek Hiram Tyrian prince Alfred Lodzinski Kama Phoenician priestess Barbara Brylska Sargon Assyrian envoy Jaroslaw Skulski Tehenna Libyan commander Leonard Andrzejewski Priestess at mummification of Ramses XII Lucyna Winnicka Keeper of the Labyrinth Bohdan Janiszewski Samentu High Priest of Set Mieczyslaw Voit Hebron Ramses XIII s last mistress Ewa Krzyzewska Other principal actors Bronislaw Dardzinski Jerzy Fidler Jerzy Kozlowski 10 See also EditList of actors who have played multiple roles in the same film List of historical drama films List of Polish submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film List of submissions to the 39th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film National Film School in Lodz Pharaoh the novel References Edit a b Ford Charles Hammond Robert 2015 Polish Film A Twentieth Century History McFarland amp Company p 107 ISBN 978 1 4766 0803 7 The 39th Academy Awards 1967 Nominees and Winners oscars org Retrieved 2011 11 09 Festival de Cannes Pharaoh festival cannes com Retrieved 2009 03 07 Martin Scorsese Presents 21 Masterpieces Lukaszewicz A January 2017 Boleslaw prus faraon pharaoh ancient Egypt and polish context Pamietnik Literacki 108 2 27 53 via ResearchGate a b c d e Leon Schiller State School Faraon Martin Scorsese Presents 21 Masterpieces Scorsese Restores Pharaoh Jerzy Kawalerowicz Jerzy Kawalerowicz Faraon Polish Leon Schiller State School of Film Television and Theater Faraon External links EditPharaoh at IMDb Faraon Polish Leon Schiller State School of Film Television and Theater Faraon Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pharaoh film amp oldid 1120205753, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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