Otto I (1117 – 11 July 1183), called the Redhead (German: der Rotkopf), was Duke of Bavaria from 1180 until his death. He was also called Otto VI as Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1156 to 1180. He was the first Bavarian ruler from the House of Wittelsbach, a dynasty which reigned until the abdication of King Ludwig III of Bavaria in the German Revolution of 1918.
As one of the best knights in the employ of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1155 he had prevented a defeat of the Emperor near Verona, where the army caravan was ambushed on the way back to Germany after the coronation at Rome. In the Dominium mundi conflict between emperor and pope culminating at the 1157 Reichstag of Besançon, fiery Otto could only be kept from smiting the papal legate Cardinal Rolando Bandinelli with his battleaxe by the personal intervention of Frederick.
He was finally rewarded with the duchy of Bavaria on 16 September 1180 at Altenburg in Thuringia, after the deposition of Duke Henry the Lion. But he was so little regarded by many of the Bavarian aristocracy that they are said to have refused him the customary homage.[1] They went so far as to refuse to attend his first court assembly at Regensburg.[2]
With the separation of Styria under Duke Ottokar IV in the same year, Bavaria lost the last of her southeastern territories. With the support of the emperor and his brother Conrad, Otto was able to secure the rule of his dynasty from the wary Bavarian nobility. His descendants ruled Bavaria for the next 738 years.
In 1182 or 1183, Duke Otto bought Dachau castle, the ministeriales, and all other appurtenances for a large sum of cash from the widow of the last duke of Dachau and Merania, Conrad II, Duke of Merania.[3]
In 1183 Otto accompanied Emperor Frederick to sign the Peace of Constance with the Lombard League and died suddenly on the way back at Pfullendorf in Swabia. He was succeeded by his only surviving son Louis. Otto's mortal remains are buried in the crypt of Scheyern Abbey.
Issue
Otto von Wittelsbach, Wittelsbach Bridge in Munich, sculptor Georg Wrba
About 1169 Otto married Agnes,[4] a daughter of Count Louis I of Loon. Agnes and Otto had the following children:
Jeffery, Renée (2018). Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia: The Philosopher Princess. Lexington Books.
Vogel, Susanne (2012). Die Wittelsbacher: Herzöge – Kurfürsten – Könige in Bayern von 1180 bis 1918. Biografische Skizzen. Staackmann. ISBN978-3886752485.
Dahlem, Andreas (2009). The Wittelsbach Court in Munich: History and Authority in the Visual Arts (1460-1508). Glasgow.
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For other people named Otto of Bavaria see Otto of Bavaria disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Otto I Duke of Bavaria news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message Otto I 1117 11 July 1183 called the Redhead German der Rotkopf was Duke of Bavaria from 1180 until his death He was also called Otto VI as Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1156 to 1180 He was the first Bavarian ruler from the House of Wittelsbach a dynasty which reigned until the abdication of King Ludwig III of Bavaria in the German Revolution of 1918 Otto I Wittelsbach Duke of BavariaPortrait from Die Chronik BayernsBorn1117KelheimDied 1183 07 11 11 July 1183PfullendorfNoble familyHouse of WittelsbachSpouse s Agnes of LoonIssueDetailSophia Richardis Louis IFatherOtto IV Count of ScheyernMotherHeilika of Pettendorf LengenfeldStatue of Otto I in front of the Bayerische Staatskanzlei Munich Contents 1 Life 2 Issue 3 Ancestry 4 References 5 SourcesLife EditDuke Otto I was probably born at Kelheim the son of Count Palatine Otto IV of Wittelsbach and Heilika of Pettendorf Lengenfeld a granddaughter of the Hohenstaufen duke Frederick I of Swabia He was the brother of Archbishop Conrad I of Mainz and Salzburg Upon the death of his father in 1156 he succeeded him as Count palatine of the Bavarian duchy then under the rule of Henry the Lion a scion of the Welf dynasty As one of the best knights in the employ of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1155 he had prevented a defeat of the Emperor near Verona where the army caravan was ambushed on the way back to Germany after the coronation at Rome In the Dominium mundi conflict between emperor and pope culminating at the 1157 Reichstag of Besancon fiery Otto could only be kept from smiting the papal legate Cardinal Rolando Bandinelli with his battleaxe by the personal intervention of Frederick He was finally rewarded with the duchy of Bavaria on 16 September 1180 at Altenburg in Thuringia after the deposition of Duke Henry the Lion But he was so little regarded by many of the Bavarian aristocracy that they are said to have refused him the customary homage 1 They went so far as to refuse to attend his first court assembly at Regensburg 2 With the separation of Styria under Duke Ottokar IV in the same year Bavaria lost the last of her southeastern territories With the support of the emperor and his brother Conrad Otto was able to secure the rule of his dynasty from the wary Bavarian nobility His descendants ruled Bavaria for the next 738 years In 1182 or 1183 Duke Otto bought Dachau castle the ministeriales and all other appurtenances for a large sum of cash from the widow of the last duke of Dachau and Merania Conrad II Duke of Merania 3 In 1183 Otto accompanied Emperor Frederick to sign the Peace of Constance with the Lombard League and died suddenly on the way back at Pfullendorf in Swabia He was succeeded by his only surviving son Louis Otto s mortal remains are buried in the crypt of Scheyern Abbey Issue Edit Otto von Wittelsbach Wittelsbach Bridge in Munich sculptor Georg Wrba About 1169 Otto married Agnes 4 a daughter of Count Louis I of Loon Agnes and Otto had the following children Otto 1169 1181 5 Ulrich 29 May Agnes 1172 13 January 1200 married in 1186 to Henry von Plain Heilika I 1171 1200 5 married in 1184 to Hallgrave Dietrich of Wasserburg Agnes 1172 1200 married Count Henry of Plain d 1190 Richardis 1173 1231 5 married in 1186 to Count Otto I of Guelders and Zutphen Louis I 1173 1231 5 married in 1204 to Ludmilla of Bohemia Heilika II 1176 1214 5 married Count Adelbert III of Dillingen d 1214 Elisabeth 1178 1190 5 married Count Berthold II of Vohburg d 1209 Mechtild 1180 1231 5 married in 1209 to Count Rapoto II of Ortenburg 1164 1231 Sophia 1170 1238 5 married Landgrave Hermann I of Thuringia 1155 1217 Ancestry EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ancestors of Otto I Duke of Bavaria8 Otto I of Scheyern4 Eckhard I of Scheyern2 Otto IV of Scheyern10 Ulric I of Carniola5 Richgard of Carniola11 Sophia of Hungary1 Otto I12 Rudgar of Veltheim6 Frederick III of Pettendorf13 Isingardis of Pettendorf3 Heilika of Pettendorf Lengenfeld14 Frederick I of Swabia7 Heilika of Swabia15 Agnes of WaiblingenReferences Edit Arnold 1991 p 242 Holzfurtner 2005 p 22 Arnold 1985 p 64 Freed 1984 p 9 a b c d e f g h Jeffery 2018 p ii Sources EditArnold Benjamin 1991 Princes and territories in medieval Germany Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 52148 3 Arnold Benjamin 1985 German Knighthood 1050 1300 Oxford Clarendon Press ISBN 0 19 821960 1 Freed John B 1984 The Counts of Falkenstein Noble Self consciousness in Twelfth century Germany The American Philosophical Society Holzfurtner Ludwig 2005 Die Wittelsbacher Staat und Dynastie in acht Jahrhunderten Urban Taschenbucher Stuttgart Kohlhammer Verlag ISBN 978 3170181915 Jeffery Renee 2018 Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia The Philosopher Princess Lexington Books Vogel Susanne 2012 Die Wittelsbacher Herzoge Kurfursten Konige in Bayern von 1180 bis 1918 Biografische Skizzen Staackmann ISBN 978 3886752485 Dahlem Andreas 2009 The Wittelsbach Court in Munich History and Authority in the Visual Arts 1460 1508 Glasgow Otto I Duke of BavariaHouse of WittelsbachBorn 1117 Died 11 July 1183Regnal titlesPreceded byHenry XII Duke of Bavaria1180 1183 Succeeded byLouis IPreceded byOtto V Count Palatine of Bavaria1156 1180 Succeeded byOtto VII Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Otto I Duke of Bavaria amp oldid 1135104386, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
