In the 8th century BCE, during the reign of Pekah king of Israel, Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria took Kedesh and deported its inhabitants to Assyria. (2 Kings 15:29)
Later, during the 5th century BCE, Kedesh may have become the capital for the Persian-controlled and Tyrian-administrated province of the Upper Galilee.[2]
In 259 BCE Kedesh was mentioned by Zenon, a traveling merchant from Egypt.[3]
According to Jewish tradition, Deborah the prophetess, Barak the son of Abinoam and Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, as also Heber, were buried near the spring beneath the town of Kedesh.[7]
Eusebius, writing about the place in his Onomasticon, says: "Kedesh. A priestly city in the inheritance of Naphtali. Previously it was a city of refuge 'in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali.' The 'king of the Assyrians' destroyed it (2 Kings 15:29). This is (now) Kydissos (Κυδισσός), twenty miles from Tyre near Paneas."[8]
Kedesh of Naphtali
Identification of the biblical "Kedesh of Naphtali" (Judges 4:6, 10) has been the subject of archaeological and historical debate. While many hold the ancient site to be in Upper Galilee, near the Lebanese border, Israeli archaeologist, Yohanan Aharoni, held the view that it lay in Lower Galilee, near the Valley of Jezreel, at a site which bears the same name (now Khirbet Qadish).[9] Some prominent archaeological publications have, therefore, listed the site as being east of the "Jabneel valley" in "Lower Galilee."[10]
From 1997–2010, archaeological excavations were conducted at the Kedesh-Naphtali (Qadesh) site by Herbert Sharon and Andrea Berlin on behalf of the University of Michigan.[11][12]
Middle Ages
Ishtori Haparchi, visiting the holy sites in the early fourteenth-century wrote of Kedesh: "About half a day's distance southward of Paneas, known in Arabic as Banias, is Kedesh, in the mountain of Naphtali, and it is [now] called Qades."[13]
Other
In the Book of Judges, the great oak tree in Zaanaim is stated to be near Kedesh, though this verse could be a reference to a second Tel Kedesh, located 3 km to the south of Megiddo, within the territory of the Israelite tribe of Issachar. (Judges 4:11)
^Burial Places of the Fathers, published by Yehuda Levi Nahum in book: Ṣohar la-ḥasifat ginzei teiman (Heb. צהר לחשיפת גנזי תימן), Tel-Aviv 1986, p. 248
^Eusebius, Onomasticon - The Place Names of Divine Scripture, (ed.) R. Steven Notley & Ze'ev Safrai, Brill: Leiden 2005, pp. 111–112 (§601), note 601 ISBN0-391-04217-3
^Meyers, E.M., Strange, J.F., and Groh, D.E., "The Meiron Excavation Project: Archaeological Survey in Galilee and Golan, 1976," in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (No. 230 - April 1978), p. 4, citing Aharoni, Y. (1976) "Upper Galilee," in vol. 2 of Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land (ed. M. Avi-Yonah), Israel Exploration Society: Jerusalem.
^Negev & Gibson, eds. (2001), p. 278 (s.v. Kedesh-Naphtali).
^Ishtori Haparchi, Sefer Kaftor Ve'ferah (vol. 2), ed. Avraham Yosef Havatzelet, Jerusalem 2007, (chapter 11) p. 53 (Hebrew). The editor (ibid.), note 8, makes note of the fact that the site is mentioned in Joshua 20:7, but that today it is called Tell Kedesh, located at grid reference 200 / 285.
Bibliography
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tel Kedesh.
Negev, Avraham; Gibson, Shimon, eds. (2001). Kedesh (b) (Tel; Qades), and Kedesh-Naphtali. Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land (snippet view). New York and London: Continuum. p. 278. ISBN0-8264-1316-1. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
External links
Photos of the ruins at Tel Kedesh from the Manar al-Athar photo archive
March 03, 2023
kedesh, been, suggested, that, this, article, merged, with, qadas, discuss, proposed, since, february, 2023, this, article, about, upper, galilee, locations, called, kadesh, kadesh, alternate, spellings, cadesh, cydessa, ancient, canaanite, later, israelite, s. It has been suggested that this article be merged with Qadas Discuss Proposed since February 2023 This article is about the Kedesh in Upper Galilee For locations called Kadesh see Kadesh Kedesh alternate spellings Cadesh Cydessa was an ancient Canaanite and later Israelite settlement in Upper Galilee mentioned few times in the Hebrew Bible Its remains are located in Tel Kedesh 3 km northeast of the modern Kibbutz Malkiya in Israel on the Israeli Lebanese border 1 Tel KedeshTel KedeshShown within IsraelShow map of IsraelKedesh Northeast Israel Show map of Northeast IsraelAlternative nameCydessaLocationNorthern District IsraelRegionUpper GalileeCoordinates33 06 42 N 35 31 46 E 33 111638 N 35 529517 E 33 111638 35 529517 Coordinates 33 06 42 N 35 31 46 E 33 111638 N 35 529517 E 33 111638 35 529517TypeSettlementSite notesConditionIn ruinsPublic accessyes Contents 1 History 2 Kedesh of Naphtali 2 1 Middle Ages 3 Other 4 See also 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 External linksHistory EditKedesh was first documented in the Book of Joshua as a Canaanite citadel conquered by the Israelites under the leadership of Joshua Ownership of Kedesh was turned over by lot to the Tribe of Naphtali and subsequently at the command of God Kedesh was set apart by Joshua as a Levitical city and one of the Cities of Refuge along with Shechem and Kiriath Arba Hebron Joshua 20 7 In the 8th century BCE during the reign of Pekah king of Israel Tiglath Pileser III of Assyria took Kedesh and deported its inhabitants to Assyria 2 Kings 15 29 Later during the 5th century BCE Kedesh may have become the capital for the Persian controlled and Tyrian administrated province of the Upper Galilee 2 In 259 BCE Kedesh was mentioned by Zenon a traveling merchant from Egypt 3 Between 145 BCE and 143 BCE Kedesh Cades was overthrown by Jonathan Maccabeus in his fight against Seleucid king Demetrius II Nicator 4 5 It remains abandoned From 1997 to 2012 Tel Kedesh was excavated by a team from the University of Michigan s Kelsey Museum of Archaeology in conjunction with the University of Minnesota 6 focusing in 2010 and 2012 on the Persian and Hellenistic Administrative Building According to Jewish tradition Deborah the prophetess Barak the son of Abinoam and Jael the wife of Heber the Kenite as also Heber were buried near the spring beneath the town of Kedesh 7 Eusebius writing about the place in his Onomasticon says Kedesh A priestly city in the inheritance of Naphtali Previously it was a city of refuge in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali The king of the Assyrians destroyed it 2 Kings 15 29 This is now Kydissos Kydissos twenty miles from Tyre near Paneas 8 Kedesh of Naphtali EditIdentification of the biblical Kedesh of Naphtali Judges 4 6 10 has been the subject of archaeological and historical debate While many hold the ancient site to be in Upper Galilee near the Lebanese border Israeli archaeologist Yohanan Aharoni held the view that it lay in Lower Galilee near the Valley of Jezreel at a site which bears the same name now Khirbet Qadish 9 Some prominent archaeological publications have therefore listed the site as being east of the Jabneel valley in Lower Galilee 10 From 1997 2010 archaeological excavations were conducted at the Kedesh Naphtali Qadesh site by Herbert Sharon and Andrea Berlin on behalf of the University of Michigan 11 12 Middle Ages Edit Ishtori Haparchi visiting the holy sites in the early fourteenth century wrote of Kedesh About half a day s distance southward of Paneas known in Arabic as Banias is Kedesh in the mountain of Naphtali and it is now called Qades 13 Other EditIn the Book of Judges the great oak tree in Zaanaim is stated to be near Kedesh though this verse could be a reference to a second Tel Kedesh located 3 km to the south of Megiddo within the territory of the Israelite tribe of Issachar Judges 4 11 See also EditQadas Al MalkiyyaReferences Edit Negev amp Gibson eds 2001 p 278 Berlin Andrea and Herbert Sharon 2005 Life and Death on the Israel Lebanon Border Biblical Archaeology Review 31 5 34 43 Papyrus Cairo Zenon I 59 004 1 Maccabees 11 63 74 text Antiquities of the Jews 13 154 62 The Wars of the Jews 2 459 4 104 Tel Kedesh Israel Archived from the original on July 20 2012 Burial Places of the Fathers published by Yehuda Levi Nahum in book Ṣohar la ḥasifat ginzei teiman Heb צהר לחשיפת גנזי תימן Tel Aviv 1986 p 248 Eusebius Onomasticon The Place Names of Divine Scripture ed R Steven Notley amp Ze ev Safrai Brill Leiden 2005 pp 111 112 601 note 601 ISBN 0 391 04217 3 Meyers E M Strange J F and Groh D E The Meiron Excavation Project Archaeological Survey in Galilee and Golan 1976 in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research No 230 April 1978 p 4 citing Aharoni Y 1976 Upper Galilee in vol 2 of Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land ed M Avi Yonah Israel Exploration Society Jerusalem Negev amp Gibson eds 2001 p 278 s v Kedesh Naphtali Israel Antiquities Authority Excavators and Excavations Permit for Year 2010 Survey Permit G 36 The Story of a Site and a Project Excavating Tel Kedesh published in Archaeology Volume 65 Number 3 May June 2012 Archaeological Institute of America Ishtori Haparchi Sefer Kaftor Ve ferah vol 2 ed Avraham Yosef Havatzelet Jerusalem 2007 chapter 11 p 53 Hebrew The editor ibid note 8 makes note of the fact that the site is mentioned in Joshua 20 7 but that today it is called Tell Kedesh located at grid reference 200 285 Bibliography Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tel Kedesh Negev Avraham Gibson Shimon eds 2001 Kedesh b Tel Qades and Kedesh Naphtali Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land snippet view New York and London Continuum p 278 ISBN 0 8264 1316 1 Retrieved 26 July 2021 External links EditPhotos of the ruins at Tel Kedesh from the Manar al Athar photo archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kedesh amp oldid 1139003890, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
