Conocybe rugosa is a common species of mushroom that is widely distributed and especially common in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. It grows in woodchips, flowerbeds and compost.[2][3] It has been found in Europe, Asia and North America.[2][3] It contains the same mycotoxins as the death cap mushroom. Conocybe rugosa was originally described in the genus Pholiotina, and its morphology and a 2013 molecular phylogenetics study supported its continued classification there.[4]
Conocybe rugosa has a conical cap that expands to flat, usually with an umbo. It is less than 3 cm across, has a smooth brown top, and the margin is often striate. The gills are rusty brown, close, and adnexed. The stalk is 2 mm thick and 1 to 6 cm long, smooth, and brown, with a prominent and movable ring. The spores are rusty brown, and it may be difficult to identify the species without a microscope.[5]
Toxicityedit
This species is deadly poisonous.[6] They produce alpha-amanitin, a cyclic peptide that is highly toxic to the liver and is responsible for many deaths by poisoning from mushrooms in the genera Amanita and Lepiota. They are sometimes mistaken for species of the genus Psilocybe due to their similar looking cap.
^"GSD Species Synonymy Conocybe rugosa (Peck) Watling (1981)". Species Fungorum. Kew Mycology (2015). Retrieved 2024-02-28.
^ abHausknecht A, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Voglmayr H (2004). "Type studies in North American species of Bolbitiaceae belonging to the genera Conocybe and Pholiotina". Österreichische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde. 13: 153–235.
^ abHausknecht, Anton; Kalamees, Kuulo; Knudsen, Henning; Mukhin, Viktor (2009). "The genera Conocybe and Pholiotina (Agaricomycotina, Bolbitiaceae) in temperate Asia" (PDF). Folia Cryptogamica Estonica. 1345: 23–47.
^Tóth, Annamária; Hausknecht, Anton; Krisai-Greilhuber, Irmgard; Papp, Tamás; Vágvölgyi, Csaba Vágvölgyi; Nagy, László G. (2013). "Iteratively Refined Guide Trees Help Improving Alignment and Phylogenetic Inference in the Mushroom Family Bolbitiaceae". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e56143. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...856143T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056143. PMC3572013. PMID 23418526.
^Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. pp. 179–180. ISBN978-0-88192-935-5.
^Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 214. ISBN978-1-55407-651-2.
May 18, 2024
conocybe, rugosa, common, species, mushroom, that, widely, distributed, especially, common, pacific, northwest, united, states, grows, woodchips, flowerbeds, compost, been, found, europe, asia, north, america, contains, same, mycotoxins, death, mushroom, origi. Conocybe rugosa is a common species of mushroom that is widely distributed and especially common in the Pacific Northwest of the United States It grows in woodchips flowerbeds and compost 2 3 It has been found in Europe Asia and North America 2 3 It contains the same mycotoxins as the death cap mushroom Conocybe rugosa was originally described in the genus Pholiotina and its morphology and a 2013 molecular phylogenetics study supported its continued classification there 4 Conocybe rugosa Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Fungi Division Basidiomycota Class Agaricomycetes Order Agaricales Family Bolbitiaceae Genus Conocybe Species C rugosa Binomial name Conocybe rugosa Peck Watling 1981 Synonyms 1 Pholiota rugosa Peck 1898 Pholiotina rugosa Peck Singer 1946 Pholiotina filaris var rugosa Peck Singer 1950 Conocybe rugosaMycological characteristicsGills on hymeniumCap is conical or flatHymenium is adnexedStipe has a ringSpore print is brown to reddish brownEcology is saprotrophicEdibility is deadly Contents 1 Description 2 Toxicity 3 See also 4 ReferencesDescription editConocybe rugosa has a conical cap that expands to flat usually with an umbo It is less than 3 cm across has a smooth brown top and the margin is often striate The gills are rusty brown close and adnexed The stalk is 2 mm thick and 1 to 6 cm long smooth and brown with a prominent and movable ring The spores are rusty brown and it may be difficult to identify the species without a microscope 5 Toxicity editThis species is deadly poisonous 6 They produce alpha amanitin a cyclic peptide that is highly toxic to the liver and is responsible for many deaths by poisoning from mushrooms in the genera Amanita and Lepiota They are sometimes mistaken for species of the genus Psilocybe due to their similar looking cap See also editList of deadly fungiReferences edit GSD Species Synonymy Conocybe rugosa Peck Watling 1981 Species Fungorum Kew Mycology 2015 Retrieved 2024 02 28 a b Hausknecht A Krisai Greilhuber I Voglmayr H 2004 Type studies in North American species of Bolbitiaceae belonging to the genera Conocybe and Pholiotina Osterreichische Zeitschrift fur Pilzkunde 13 153 235 a b Hausknecht Anton Kalamees Kuulo Knudsen Henning Mukhin Viktor 2009 The genera Conocybe and Pholiotina Agaricomycotina Bolbitiaceae in temperate Asia PDF Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 1345 23 47 Toth Annamaria Hausknecht Anton Krisai Greilhuber Irmgard Papp Tamas Vagvolgyi Csaba Vagvolgyi Nagy Laszlo G 2013 Iteratively Refined Guide Trees Help Improving Alignment and Phylogenetic Inference in the Mushroom Family Bolbitiaceae PLOS ONE 8 2 e56143 Bibcode 2013PLoSO 856143T doi 10 1371 journal pone 0056143 PMC 3572013 PMID 23418526 Trudell Steve Ammirati Joe 2009 Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest Timber Press Field Guides Portland OR Timber Press pp 179 180 ISBN 978 0 88192 935 5 Phillips Roger 2010 Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America Buffalo NY Firefly Books p 214 ISBN 978 1 55407 651 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Conocybe rugosa amp oldid 1210872217, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
