The name apophyllite refers to a specific group of phyllosilicates, a class of minerals. Originally, the group name referred to a specific mineral,[4] but was redefined in 1978 to stand for a class of minerals of similar chemical makeup that comprise a solid solution series, and includes the members fluorapophyllite-(K), fluorapophyllite-(Na), hydroxyapophyllite-(K). The name apophyllite is derived from the Greekapophyllízo (ἀποφυλλίζω), meaning 'it flakes off', a reference to this class's tendency to flake apart when heated, due to water loss. Exfoliation of apophyllite is also possible by treating it with acids or simply by rubbing it. These minerals are typically found as secondary minerals in vesicles in basalt or other volcanic rocks. A recent change (2008) in the nomenclature system used for this group was approved by the International Mineralogical Association, removing the prefixes from the species names and using suffixes to designate the species.[5] A subsequent nomenclature change approved by the International Mineralogical Association in 2013 renamed the minerals to include both suffixes and prefixes, as shown above.[6]
Apophyllite has an unusual structure for a phyllosilicate. Whereas most phyllosilicates have a T layer (silica backbone) consisting of interlocked 6-fold rings of silica tetrahedra, with pseudohexagonal symmetry, the T layer in apophyllite consists of interlocked 4-fold and 8-fold rings of silica tetrahedra with true tetragonal symmetry.[7][8]
T layer (silica backbone layer) of apophyllite
Structure of apophyllite viewed in the {100} direction, parallel to layering
^Burke, E.A.J. (2008): Tidying up mineral names: an IMA-CNMNC scheme for suffixes, hyphens and diacritical marks. Mineral. Rec., 39, 131–135.[1]
^Hatert, Frederic; Mills, Stuart J.; Pasero, Marco; Williams, Peter A. (2013). "CNMNC guidelines for the use of suffixes and prefixes in mineral nomenclature, and for the preservation of historical names" (PDF). European Journal of Mineralogy. 25 (1): 113–115. Bibcode:2013EJMin..25..113H. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2013/0025-2267. hdl:2268/136406.
^Klein, Cornelis; Hurlbut, Cornelius S. Jr. (1993). Manual of mineralogy: (after James D. Dana) (21st ed.). New York: Wiley. pp. 522–523. ISBN047157452X.
^Ståhl, Kenny (1 January 1993). "A neutron powder diffraction study of partially dehydrated fluorapophyllite, KCa4Si8O20F.6.9H2O". European Journal of Mineralogy. 5 (5): 845–850. Bibcode:1993EJMin...5..845S. doi:10.1127/ejm/5/5/0845.
^ Atali A. Agakhanov, Leonid A. Pautov, Anatoly V. Kasatkin, Vladimir Yu. Karpenko, Elena Sokolova, Maxwell C. Day, Frank C. Hawthorne, Vyacheslav A. Muftakhov, Igor V. Pekov, Fernando Cámara, Sergey N. Britvin (2019), "Fluorapophyllite-(Cs), CsCa4(Si8O20)F(H2O)8, a new apophyllite-group mineral from the Darai-Pioz Massif, Tien-Shan, northern Tajikistan", The Canadian Mineralogist (in German), vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 965–971, Bibcode:2019CaMin..57..965A, doi:10.3749/canmin.1900038, hdl:2434/681913, S2CID 210259462{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Martin Števko, Jiří Sejkora, Jakub Plášil, Zdeněk Dolníček, Radek Škoda (2020), "Fluorapophyllite-(NH4), NH4Ca4(Si8O20)F⋅8H2O, a new member of the apophyllite group from the Vechec quarry, eastern Slovakia", Mineralogical Magazine (in German), vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 533–539, Bibcode:2020MinM...84..533S, doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.44, S2CID 225484232, retrieved 2021-04-11{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link), Format: PDF, KBytes: 623
MinDat Listing
Colville AA, Anderson CP, Black PM (1971). "Refinement of the crystal structure of apophyllite: I. X-ray diffraction and physical properties". American Mineralogist. 56: 1222–1233.
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May 01, 2024
apophyllite, name, apophyllite, refers, specific, group, phyllosilicates, class, minerals, originally, group, name, referred, specific, mineral, redefined, 1978, stand, class, minerals, similar, chemical, makeup, that, comprise, solid, solution, series, includ. The name apophyllite refers to a specific group of phyllosilicates a class of minerals Originally the group name referred to a specific mineral 4 but was redefined in 1978 to stand for a class of minerals of similar chemical makeup that comprise a solid solution series and includes the members fluorapophyllite K fluorapophyllite Na hydroxyapophyllite K The name apophyllite is derived from the Greek apophyllizo ἀpofyllizw meaning it flakes off a reference to this class s tendency to flake apart when heated due to water loss Exfoliation of apophyllite is also possible by treating it with acids or simply by rubbing it These minerals are typically found as secondary minerals in vesicles in basalt or other volcanic rocks A recent change 2008 in the nomenclature system used for this group was approved by the International Mineralogical Association removing the prefixes from the species names and using suffixes to designate the species 5 A subsequent nomenclature change approved by the International Mineralogical Association in 2013 renamed the minerals to include both suffixes and prefixes as shown above 6 ApophylliteGeneralCategoryPhyllosilicateFormula repeating unit K Na Ca4Si8O20 F OH 8H2OIMA symbolApo 1 Crystal systemTetragonalSpace groupP4 mncIdentificationColorUsually white colorless also blue green brown yellow pink violetCrystal habitPrismatic tabular massiveCleavagePerfect on 001 FractureUnevenMohs scale hardness4 5 5LusterVitreous pearlyStreakWhiteDiaphaneityTransparent to translucentSpecific gravity2 3 2 4Refractive index1 536Birefringence0 000 0 003PleochroismDichroic colorless Other characteristicsRadioactive 4 37 K References 2 3 Though relatively unfamiliar to the general public apophyllites are fairly prevalent around the world with specimens coming from some of the world s most well known mineral localities These localities include Jalgaon India the Harz Mountains of Germany Mont Saint Hilaire in Canada and Kongsberg Norway with other locations in Scotland Ireland Brazil Japan and throughout the United States Contents 1 Structure 2 Species 3 See also 4 ReferencesStructure editApophyllite has an unusual structure for a phyllosilicate Whereas most phyllosilicates have a T layer silica backbone consisting of interlocked 6 fold rings of silica tetrahedra with pseudohexagonal symmetry the T layer in apophyllite consists of interlocked 4 fold and 8 fold rings of silica tetrahedra with true tetragonal symmetry 7 8 nbsp T layer silica backbone layer of apophyllite nbsp Structure of apophyllite viewed in the 100 direction parallel to layering nbsp Unit cell of apophylliteSpecies editFluorapophyllite K formerly fluorapophyllite apophyllite KF KCa4Si8O20 F OH 8H2O white colorless yellow green violet 9 Hydroxyapophyllite K formerly hydroxyapophyllite apophyllite KOH KCa4Si8O20 OH F 8H2O white colorless 10 Fluorapophyllite Na formerly natroapophyllite apophyllite NaF NaCa4Si8O20F 8H2O brown yellow colorless 11 Fluorapophyllit Cs new CsCa4 Si8O20 F 8H2O 12 Fluorapophyllit NH4 new NH4Ca4 Si8O20 F 8H2O 13 nbsp Isolated Fluorapophyllite K cluster on contrasting matrix nbsp Hydroxyapophyllite nbsp Fluorapophyllite Na See also editCarbonatite Gyrolite Zeolite List of mineralsReferences edit Warr L N 2021 IMA CNMNC approved mineral symbols Mineralogical Magazine 85 3 291 320 Bibcode 2021MinM 85 291W doi 10 1180 mgm 2021 43 S2CID 235729616 Radioactive Gems ClassicGems net Apophyllite data on Webmineral Spencer 1911 Burke E A J 2008 Tidying up mineral names an IMA CNMNC scheme for suffixes hyphens and diacritical marks Mineral Rec 39 131 135 1 Hatert Frederic Mills Stuart J Pasero Marco Williams Peter A 2013 CNMNC guidelines for the use of suffixes and prefixes in mineral nomenclature and for the preservation of historical names PDF European Journal of Mineralogy 25 1 113 115 Bibcode 2013EJMin 25 113H doi 10 1127 0935 1221 2013 0025 2267 hdl 2268 136406 Klein Cornelis Hurlbut Cornelius S Jr 1993 Manual of mineralogy after James D Dana 21st ed New York Wiley pp 522 523 ISBN 047157452X Stahl Kenny 1 January 1993 A neutron powder diffraction study of partially dehydrated fluorapophyllite KCa4Si8O20F 6 9H2O European Journal of Mineralogy 5 5 845 850 Bibcode 1993EJMin 5 845S doi 10 1127 ejm 5 5 0845 Apophyllite KF on Mindat Apophyllite KOH on Mindat Apophyllite NaF on Mindat Atali A Agakhanov Leonid A Pautov Anatoly V Kasatkin Vladimir Yu Karpenko Elena Sokolova Maxwell C Day Frank C Hawthorne Vyacheslav A Muftakhov Igor V Pekov Fernando Camara Sergey N Britvin 2019 Fluorapophyllite Cs CsCa4 Si8O20 F H2O 8 a new apophyllite group mineral from the Darai Pioz Massif Tien Shan northern Tajikistan The Canadian Mineralogist in German vol 57 no 6 pp 965 971 Bibcode 2019CaMin 57 965A doi 10 3749 canmin 1900038 hdl 2434 681913 S2CID 210259462 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Martin Stevko Jiri Sejkora Jakub Plasil Zdenek Dolnicek Radek Skoda 2020 Fluorapophyllite NH4 NH4Ca4 Si8O20 F 8H2O a new member of the apophyllite group from the Vechec quarry eastern Slovakia Mineralogical Magazine in German vol 84 no 4 pp 533 539 Bibcode 2020MinM 84 533S doi 10 1180 mgm 2020 44 S2CID 225484232 retrieved 2021 04 11 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Format PDF KBytes 623 MinDat Listing Mineral Galleries Colville AA Anderson CP Black PM 1971 Refinement of the crystal structure of apophyllite I X ray diffraction and physical properties American Mineralogist 56 1222 1233 Spencer Leonard James 1911 Apophyllite In Chisholm Hugh ed Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 2 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 195 This describes the older definition as a specific mineral nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apophyllite Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Apophyllite amp oldid 1193480183, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
