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Léon-Étienne Duval

January 06, 2023

Léon-Étienne Duval (9 November 1903 – 30 May 1996) was a French prelate and cardinal. He served as Archbishop of Algiers from 1954 to 1988, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965.

His Eminence

Léon-Étienne Duval
Archbishop of Algiers
ChurchCatholic Church
ArchdioceseAlgiers
Appointed3 February 1954
Term ended19 April 1988
PredecessorAuguste-Fernand Leynaud
SuccessorHenri Teissier
Opposed toImperialism, Algerian War
Orders
Ordination18 December 1926
Consecration11 February 1947
by Auguste Cesbron
Created cardinal22 February 1965
by Pope Paul VI
Personal details
Born9 November 1903
Chênex, Haute-Savoie, France
Died30 May 1996(1996-05-30) (aged 92)
Algiers, Algeria
BuriedBasilica of Our Lady of Africa, Algiers, Algeria
Nationality France (before 1965)
 Algeria (after 1965)
Previous post(s)Bishop of Constantine (1946–1954)
Alma materPontifical French Seminary
MottoLatin: In caritate omnia
(In Love of All Things)

Biography

Styles of
Léon-Étienne Duval
 
Reference styleHis Eminence
Spoken styleYour Eminence
Informal styleCardinal
SeeAlgiers (emeritus)

Léon-Étienne Duval was born in Chênex, Haute-Savoie, France, and attended the seminary in Annecy before going to Rome, where he studied alongside Marcel Lefebvre at the Pontifical French Seminary. Ordained to the priesthood on 18 December 1926, he then did pastoral work in Annecy until 1942, whilst teaching at the seminary and serving as Director of Works. During World War II, Duval supported the French Resistance and was wary of the Vichy regime.[1] He was an honorary canon and vicar general of Algiers from 1942 to 1946.

On 3 November 1946 Duval was appointed Bishop of Constantine by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on 11 February 1947 from Bishop Auguste Cesbron, with Bishops Raoul Harscouêt and Léon Terrier serving as co-consecrators. Duval was later named Archbishop of Algiers on 3 February 1954.

Duval championed the independence of Algeria, and encouraged peace among Muslims, Christians, and Jews.[1][2] In early 1962, he denounced the urban warfare that occurred during the Algerian War as "an offense against God,"[3] to the anger of the pieds-noirs of his flock, who subsequently called him "Mohammed Duval." He participated in the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965. Duval, assisted by Cardinals Julius Döpfner and Raúl Silva Henríquez, delivered one of the closing messages of the Council on 8 December 1965.[4] He also served as President of the North African Episcopal Conference from 1963 to 1988. He was opposed to Action Française, which supported establishing Catholicism as the state religion, because he believed that faith and politics should remain separate.[1] Duval was a schoolmate of the Traditionalist Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, and in August 1976, Duval urged him to fully submit himself to the authority of the pope.[1]

Pope Paul VI created him cardinal-priest of S. Balbina in the consistory of 22 February 1965. Duval was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978, which selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II respectively. He occupied Room 86 at the cardinal electors' residence for the August 1978 conclave, sharing a shower with Leo Suenens, Raúl Silva Henríquez, and Juan Ricketts.[5]

Following the public murder of his auxiliary bishop, Gaston Marie Jacquier, in 1976, Duval ordered his priests in the Archdiocese of Algiers not to wear the religious habit in public or to display the cross conspicuously.[6] In the years that followed, the archdiocese's churches stopped ringing their bells to avoid inciting Islamic extremist violence.[6]

Because of his humanitarian and anti-imperialist works, the Duval was chosen by the Revolutionary Council as one of four clergymen who would visit the hostages held in the American embassy in Tehran on Christmas Day 1979.[7] On 19 April 1988 he resigned as Algiers' archbishop, after thirty-four years of service.

Duval died in Algiers, at age 92. He is buried in the Basilica de Notre-Dame d’Afrique of that same city. Following his death, John Paul II remarked that, "He will remain a light and an encouragement on a long and difficult road at a moment in which the Christian community in Algeria is facing testing times".[8]

Episcopal lineage

References

  1. ^ a b c d Commonweal. A Tale of Two Prelates: An Ecumenist and a Schismatic January 31, 1997
  2. ^ United States Institute of Peace. The St. Egidio Platform for a Peaceful Solution of the Algerian Crisis 2007-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ TIME Magazine. February 9, 1962
  4. ^ Christus Rex. To Women 2007-04-03 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Pham, John-Peter. "Heirs of the Fisherman: Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession". Oxford University Press, 2007
  6. ^ a b Kiser, John (2003-02-28). The Monks of Tibhirine: Faith, Love, and Terror in Algeria. Macmillan. p. 47. ISBN 9780312302948.
  7. ^ TIME Magazine. January 7, 1980
  8. ^ New York Times. Cardinal Duval, 92, Critic of French Army May 31, 1996

External links

Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
Emile-François Thiénard
 Bishop of Constantine
1946–1954 		Succeeded by
Paul-Joseph Pinier
Preceded by
Auguste-Fernand Leynaud
 Archbishop of Algiers
1954–1988 		Succeeded by

January 06, 2023
léon, Étienne, duval, november, 1903, 1996, french, prelate, cardinal, served, archbishop, algiers, from, 1954, 1988, elevated, cardinalate, 1965, eminencearchbishop, algierschurchcatholic, churcharchdiocesealgiersappointed3, february, 1954term, ended19, april. Leon Etienne Duval 9 November 1903 30 May 1996 was a French prelate and cardinal He served as Archbishop of Algiers from 1954 to 1988 and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965 His EminenceLeon Etienne DuvalArchbishop of AlgiersChurchCatholic ChurchArchdioceseAlgiersAppointed3 February 1954Term ended19 April 1988PredecessorAuguste Fernand LeynaudSuccessorHenri TeissierOpposed toImperialism Algerian WarOrdersOrdination18 December 1926Consecration11 February 1947by Auguste CesbronCreated cardinal22 February 1965by Pope Paul VIPersonal detailsBorn9 November 1903Chenex Haute Savoie FranceDied30 May 1996 1996 05 30 aged 92 Algiers AlgeriaBuriedBasilica of Our Lady of Africa Algiers AlgeriaNationality France before 1965 Algeria after 1965 Previous post s Bishop of Constantine 1946 1954 Alma materPontifical French SeminaryMottoLatin In caritate omnia In Love of All Things Contents 1 Biography 2 Episcopal lineage 3 References 4 External linksBiography EditStyles of Leon Etienne Duval Reference styleHis EminenceSpoken styleYour EminenceInformal styleCardinalSeeAlgiers emeritus Leon Etienne Duval was born in Chenex Haute Savoie France and attended the seminary in Annecy before going to Rome where he studied alongside Marcel Lefebvre at the Pontifical French Seminary Ordained to the priesthood on 18 December 1926 he then did pastoral work in Annecy until 1942 whilst teaching at the seminary and serving as Director of Works During World War II Duval supported the French Resistance and was wary of the Vichy regime 1 He was an honorary canon and vicar general of Algiers from 1942 to 1946 On 3 November 1946 Duval was appointed Bishop of Constantine by Pope Pius XII He received his episcopal consecration on 11 February 1947 from Bishop Auguste Cesbron with Bishops Raoul Harscouet and Leon Terrier serving as co consecrators Duval was later named Archbishop of Algiers on 3 February 1954 Duval championed the independence of Algeria and encouraged peace among Muslims Christians and Jews 1 2 In early 1962 he denounced the urban warfare that occurred during the Algerian War as an offense against God 3 to the anger of the pieds noirs of his flock who subsequently called him Mohammed Duval He participated in the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965 Duval assisted by Cardinals Julius Dopfner and Raul Silva Henriquez delivered one of the closing messages of the Council on 8 December 1965 4 He also served as President of the North African Episcopal Conference from 1963 to 1988 He was opposed to Action Francaise which supported establishing Catholicism as the state religion because he believed that faith and politics should remain separate 1 Duval was a schoolmate of the Traditionalist Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre and in August 1976 Duval urged him to fully submit himself to the authority of the pope 1 Pope Paul VI created him cardinal priest of S Balbina in the consistory of 22 February 1965 Duval was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978 which selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II respectively He occupied Room 86 at the cardinal electors residence for the August 1978 conclave sharing a shower with Leo Suenens Raul Silva Henriquez and Juan Ricketts 5 Following the public murder of his auxiliary bishop Gaston Marie Jacquier in 1976 Duval ordered his priests in the Archdiocese of Algiers not to wear the religious habit in public or to display the cross conspicuously 6 In the years that followed the archdiocese s churches stopped ringing their bells to avoid inciting Islamic extremist violence 6 Because of his humanitarian and anti imperialist works the Duval was chosen by the Revolutionary Council as one of four clergymen who would visit the hostages held in the American embassy in Tehran on Christmas Day 1979 7 On 19 April 1988 he resigned as Algiers archbishop after thirty four years of service Duval died in Algiers at age 92 He is buried in the Basilica de Notre Dame d Afrique of that same city Following his death John Paul II remarked that He will remain a light and an encouragement on a long and difficult road at a moment in which the Christian community in Algeria is facing testing times 8 Episcopal lineage EditCardinal Scipione Rebiba Cardinal Giulio Antonio Santorio 1566 Cardinal Girolamo Bernerio OP 1586 Archbishop Galeazzo Sanvitale 1604 Cardinal Ludovico Ludovisi 1621 Cardinal Luigi Caetani 1622 Cardinal Ulderico Carpegna 1630 Cardinal Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni 1666 Pope Benedict XIII 1675 Pope Benedict XIV 1724 Pope Clement XIII 1743 Cardinal Gian Francesco Albani 1760 Cardinal Carlo Rezzonico 1773 Archbishop Antonio Dugnani 1785 Archbishop Jean Charles de Coucy 1790 Archbishop Gustave Maximilien Juste de Croy Solre 1820 Bishop Charles Auguste Marie Joseph Count of Forbin Janson 1824 Cardinal Ferdinand Francois Auguste Donnet 1835 Archbishop Jean Emile Fonteneau 1875 Bishop Charles Evariste Joseph Coeuret Varin 1885 Bishop Joseph Rumeau 1899 Bishop Jean Camille Costes 1924 Bishop Auguste Leon Alexis Cesbron 1940 Archbishop Leon Etienne Duval 1947 References Edit a b c d Commonweal A Tale of Two Prelates An Ecumenist and a Schismatic January 31 1997 United States Institute of Peace The St Egidio Platform for a Peaceful Solution of the Algerian Crisis Archived 2007 06 18 at the Wayback Machine TIME Magazine Offense Against God February 9 1962 Christus Rex To Women Archived 2007 04 03 at the Wayback Machine Pham John Peter Heirs of the Fisherman Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession Oxford University Press 2007 a b Kiser John 2003 02 28 The Monks of Tibhirine Faith Love and Terror in Algeria Macmillan p 47 ISBN 9780312302948 TIME Magazine We Wept Together January 7 1980 New York Times Cardinal Duval 92 Critic of French Army May 31 1996External links EditMiranda Salvador DUVAL Leon Etienne 1903 1996 The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Florida International University OCLC 53276621 Catholic HierarchyCatholic Church titlesPreceded byEmile Francois Thienard Bishop of Constantine1946 1954 Succeeded byPaul Joseph PinierPreceded byAuguste Fernand Leynaud Archbishop of Algiers1954 1988 Succeeded byHenri Antoine Marie Teissier Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Leon Etienne Duval amp oldid 1081417813, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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