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Zenobia of Armenia

January 05, 2023

Zenobia of Armenia (Georgian: ზენობია, Armenian: Զենոբիա; fl. 1st century) was a royal Iberian princess of the Pharnavazid dynasty who was a Queen of Armenia from 51 to 53 and 54 to 55 during the reign of her husband, King Rhadamistus.[1]

Zenobia of Armenia
Queen of Armenia
Tenure51–53
54–55
BornKingdom of Iberia
Died1st century
Kingdom of Armenia
SpouseRhadamistus
Issueunknown son
DynastyPharnavazid dynasty
FatherMithridates of Armenia
Motherdaughter of Pharasmanes I
sister of Rhadamistus

Life

Zenobia was a daughter of King Mithridates of Armenia by his wife, a daughter of King Pharasmanes I of Iberia, who was Mithridates' own brother. At the same time, she was a wife of Rhadamistus who was Pharasmanes' son.[2][3]

Zenobia's father Mithridates reigned in Armenia until her husband and Mithridates' nephew and son-in-law Rhadamistus usurped the Armenian throne by the sudden invasion. Her husband destroyed her entire family. Rhadamistus killed both of Zenobia's parents, her mother being Rhadamistus' own sister. Zenobia's brothers were also killed by Rhadamistus just because they were crying over their parents' death.

After execution of her entire family Rhadamistus became king in 51 and she became his queen. Armenians revolted soon after and, with the Parthian support of prince Tiridates I, forced both to flee back to Iberia.

According to Tacitus:[4]

Rhadamistus had no means of escape but for the swiftness of the horses which bore him and his wife away. Pregnant as she was, she endured, somehow or other, likely out of fear of the enemy and love of her husband, the first part of the flight, but after a while, when she felt herself shaken by its continuous speed, she implored to be rescued by an honourable death from the shame of captivity. He at first embraced, cheered, and encouraged her, now admiring her heroism, now filled with a sickening apprehension at the idea of her being left to any man's mercy. Finally, urged by the intensity of his love and familiarity with dreadful deeds, he unsheathed his scymitar, and having stabbed her, dragged her to the bank of the Araxes and committed her to the stream, so that her very body might be swept away. Then in headlong flight he hurried to Iberia, his ancestral kingdom. Zenobia meanwhile (this was her name), as she yet breathed and showed signs of life on the calm water at the river's edge, was perceived by some shepherds, who inferring from her noble appearance that she was no base-born woman, bound up her wound and applied to it their rustic remedies. As soon as they knew her name and her adventure, they conveyed her to the city of Artaxata, whence she was conducted at the public charge to Tiridates, who received her kindly and treated her as a royal person.

Zenobia is said to have given birth to an unknown son from Rhadamistus in Armenia. Her and her child's later life is unknown. Her husband returning home to Iberia was soon, in 58, put to death as traitor by his own father Pharasmanes.[5] According to the historian Leo, Zenobia lived in Tiridates’ court until her death.[6]

In art

Paintings

Statues

 
Zenobia's body fished out the Aras, by Jean Marcellin, 1859.

Operas

Plays

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Toumanoff, p. 14
  2. ^ Javakhishvili, p. 159
  3. ^ Tacitus, XII, 46
  4. ^ Tacitus, XII, 51
  5. ^ Tacitus, XIII, 37
  6. ^ Khachatrian, p. 46
  7. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Baudry, Paul Jacques Aimé". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  8. ^ Wissman, Fronia E. (1996). Bouguereau. San Francisco: Pomegranate Artbooks. p. 12. ISBN 978-0876545829.

Sources

January 05, 2023
zenobia, armenia, georgian, ზენობია, armenian, Զենոբիա, century, royal, iberian, princess, pharnavazid, dynasty, queen, armenia, from, during, reign, husband, king, rhadamistus, zenobia, paul, jacques, aimé, baudryqueen, armeniatenure51, 5354, 55bornkingdom, i. Zenobia of Armenia Georgian ზენობია Armenian Զենոբիա fl 1st century was a royal Iberian princess of the Pharnavazid dynasty who was a Queen of Armenia from 51 to 53 and 54 to 55 during the reign of her husband King Rhadamistus 1 Zenobia of ArmeniaZenobia by Paul Jacques Aime BaudryQueen of ArmeniaTenure51 5354 55BornKingdom of IberiaDied1st centuryKingdom of ArmeniaSpouseRhadamistusIssueunknown sonDynastyPharnavazid dynastyFatherMithridates of ArmeniaMotherdaughter of Pharasmanes Isister of Rhadamistus Contents 1 Life 2 In art 2 1 Paintings 2 2 Statues 2 3 Operas 2 4 Plays 3 Gallery 4 References 5 SourcesLife EditZenobia was a daughter of King Mithridates of Armenia by his wife a daughter of King Pharasmanes I of Iberia who was Mithridates own brother At the same time she was a wife of Rhadamistus who was Pharasmanes son 2 3 Zenobia s father Mithridates reigned in Armenia until her husband and Mithridates nephew and son in law Rhadamistus usurped the Armenian throne by the sudden invasion Her husband destroyed her entire family Rhadamistus killed both of Zenobia s parents her mother being Rhadamistus own sister Zenobia s brothers were also killed by Rhadamistus just because they were crying over their parents death After execution of her entire family Rhadamistus became king in 51 and she became his queen Armenians revolted soon after and with the Parthian support of prince Tiridates I forced both to flee back to Iberia According to Tacitus 4 Rhadamistus had no means of escape but for the swiftness of the horses which bore him and his wife away Pregnant as she was she endured somehow or other likely out of fear of the enemy and love of her husband the first part of the flight but after a while when she felt herself shaken by its continuous speed she implored to be rescued by an honourable death from the shame of captivity He at first embraced cheered and encouraged her now admiring her heroism now filled with a sickening apprehension at the idea of her being left to any man s mercy Finally urged by the intensity of his love and familiarity with dreadful deeds he unsheathed his scymitar and having stabbed her dragged her to the bank of the Araxes and committed her to the stream so that her very body might be swept away Then in headlong flight he hurried to Iberia his ancestral kingdom Zenobia meanwhile this was her name as she yet breathed and showed signs of life on the calm water at the river s edge was perceived by some shepherds who inferring from her noble appearance that she was no base born woman bound up her wound and applied to it their rustic remedies As soon as they knew her name and her adventure they conveyed her to the city of Artaxata whence she was conducted at the public charge to Tiridates who received her kindly and treated her as a royal person Zenobia is said to have given birth to an unknown son from Rhadamistus in Armenia Her and her child s later life is unknown Her husband returning home to Iberia was soon in 58 put to death as traitor by his own father Pharasmanes 5 According to the historian Leo Zenobia lived in Tiridates court until her death 6 In art EditPaintings Edit Zenobia accudita dai pastori sulle rive dell Aras by Bartolomeo Cittadella Rhadamistus killing Zenobia by Luigi Sabatelli 1803 Zenobia found on the banks of the Araxes by Paul Jacques Aime Baudry won Prix de Rome in 1850 7 Zenobia found by Sheperds on the banks of the Araxes by William Adolphe Bouguereau won Prix de Rome in 1850 8 Queen Zenobia found on the Banks of the Arax by Nicolas Poussin Rhadamistes and Zenobia by Jean Joseph Taillasson Queen Zenobia taken from river Araxes by shepherds by Francesco Nenci Radamisto in atto di spingere Zenobia ferita nel fiume Arasse by Francesco Alberi Zenobie trouvee mourante sur les bords de l Araxe by Merry Joseph Blondel Zenobie decouverte par les bergers sur les bords de l Araxe by Charles Camille Chazal Zenobie trouvee mourante par les bergers sur les bords de l Araxe by Pierre Dupuis Zenobia by Emile Levy Zenobia Discovered by Shepherds on the Banks of the Araxes by Felix Henri Giacomotti Queen Zenobia Thrown Into the Araxes River by Francois Chifflart Rhadamiste poignarde sa femme Zenobie by Etienne Meslier The finding of Zenobia by the shepherds by Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres Statues Edit Zenobia s body fished out the Aras by Jean Marcellin 1859 Le corps de Zenobie reine d Armenie retire de l Araxe by Jean Esprit Marcellin at Palace of Fontainebleau Operas Edit L Amour tyrannique by Georges de Scudery Zenobia e Radamisto by Giovanni Legrenzi Rhadamiste et Zenobie by Prosper Jolyot de Crebillon La Zenobia by Matteo Noris Zenobia by Metastasio L amor tirannico o Zenobia by Domenico Lalli Zenobia by Giovanni Bononcini Zenobia by Johann Adolph Hasse Zenobia by Gaetano Latilla La Zenobia by Davide Perez Zenobia by Niccolo Piccinni Zenobia by Gioacchino Cocchi Zenobia by Giovanni Battista Pescetti Zenobia by Tommaso Traetta La Zenobia by Nicola Sala Zenobia by Luca Antonio Predieri Zenobia by Francesco Uttini Zenobia by Antonio Tozzi Zenobia by Francesco Bianchi Zenobia by Louis Coerne La Zenobia by Joseph Friebert L amor tirannico ossia Zenobia by Francesco Feo Zenobia by Ambrogio Minoja Zenobia by Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani Zenobia was played by Adrienne Lecouvreur Caterina Gabrielli and Anastasia RobinsonPlays Edit Unfinished play Rodamist i Zenobiya by Alexander GriboyedovGallery Edit Rhadamistus killing Zenobia by Luigi Sabatelli Zenobia found on the banks of the Araxes by Paul Jacques Aime Baudry Rhadamistes and Zenobia by Jean Joseph Taillasson Zenobia found by Sheperds on the banks of the Araxes by William Adolphe Bouguereau Queen Zenobia found on the Banks of the Arax by Nicolas Poussin Zenobia from the opera of Prosper Jolyot de Crebillon Zenobia from the opera of Metastasio Queen Zenobia taken from river Araxes by shepherds by Francesco Nenci Radamisto in atto di spingere Zenobia ferita nel fiume Arasse by Francesco Alberi Zenobia by Emile Levy Queen Zenobia Thrown Into the Araxes River by Francois Chifflart References Edit Toumanoff p 14 Javakhishvili p 159 Tacitus XII 46 Tacitus XII 51 Tacitus XIII 37 Khachatrian p 46 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Baudry Paul Jacques Aime Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed Cambridge University Press Wissman Fronia E 1996 Bouguereau San Francisco Pomegranate Artbooks p 12 ISBN 978 0876545829 Sources EditTacitus Annals Book XII XIII Khachatrian Hayk 2001 Queens of the Armenians 150 Biographies Based on History and Legend Yerevan Amaras ISBN 0 9648787 2 0 Toumanoff Cyril 1969 Chronology of the early Kings of Iberia Vol 25 Javakhishvili Ivane 2012 History of the Georgian Nation Vol 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Zenobia of Armenia amp oldid 1062992257, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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