The Zanniattribe are people of western Myanmar (Burma) who are a sub-group of the Chin peoples. The Zanniat tribe has fifty-seven sub-groupings and clans. The group's existence was recorded (along with three of its many sub-groups) in Burma's 1931 census after being absent in the Chin Hills gazette of 1896.[1][2] In 1943, the Zanniat tribal groups of eastern Falam Township were recorded by Henry Stevenson (b. 1903, British colonial service in Burma).[3] The Zanniat may also be known by similar sounding names such as Zahnyiet, Zanniet, Zanngiat and Zannaing.
The capital city or myo (IPA: mjó) of the Zanniat is Webula. The Zanniat tribal lands stretch from the hilly regions around the eastern part of the Manipur river to the plains of the Sagaing region and fall within Falam Township. The Manipuri river, flowing in a south-easterly direction within the Falam township, makes a clear natural boundary of Zanniat lands. The Zanniat tribal land abuts Ngawn tribal land and the Tedim township in the north[4][5] The land has thick vegetation with fauna. Forests within the area include the Khuanghlum, Lianthar, and Ngalsip forests. The lands encompass thirty-nine villages villages and towns.
Zanniat are the descendants of Zanniat. Zanniat was one of the sons of Chin Lung/ Chin Dung, a Shan Sawbwa (Saopha) of Kalemyo, whose father was Kale Kyitaungnyu, the ruler of Ava kingdom of Burma (Myanmar). Zanniat, Hlawnceu and Thuankai were three brothers who left Kalay or Vingpui (meaning fort in Zanniat language) from conflict, then moved to higher elevation which later known as Chin hills. Zanniat decided to settle down in Runral (The word "Runral" refers to the other side of a river in Zanniat language), a land which is eastern from Manipur river and it became Locom village and the name Locom means to settle in Zanniat language. Some of Zanniat's sons were Phunnim, Sumthang, Laizo, Siahthang, Zanniat (Niat Hang) and the descendants from each son were later became clans and families. Thuankai had two sons, named Hlawn Ceu and Phurh Hlum. Phurh Hlum had two wives. The descendants from Phurh Hlum's first wife are known as Nuhma family, meaning pervious or first in Zanniat language. Phurh Hlum had a second wife from Locom village and the descendants from his second wife are later known as Nuhnua family, meaning later or second in Zanniat language. One of Phurh Hlum sons was named as Zanniat, to commemorate the great grand father Zanniat and the descendants from this man are later known as Zanniat clan or family, which later cause conflicts in understanding the origin of Zanniat. The descendants comprising from Zanniat and Phurh Hlum, living in eastern side of Manipur river are commonly known as Zanniat people or Zanniat tribe. Among the sons of Zanniat, Laizo descendants live around Lumbang, while Sumthang descendants live around Webulah, Hluansang descendants being Chiefly clans settle in every Central Chin and Maraic tribal villages and in India (Mizoram) and Bangladesh (Chittagong hills tracts. Taisun [Tashon], Lerngo (Hualngo), Torr[9] and Khualsim tribes also later settled with Zanniat tribe. Zanniat people trace their ancestry to the Chin, of Tibeto-Burman descent from origins in Mongolia. The early Chin people settled in the western plains of Sagaing when it was known as "Kauka" or "Vingpui", and later as "Kale". The word "Vingpui" refers to a type of brick fort. Thuankai had a son named Tlaisun (Tashons people)in English) whose later became one of the strongest tribe, founder of Falam or Fahlam, ruling most parts of Chin hills.
Taisun [Tashon] ruleedit
In 1810 A.D Taisun tribe collaborated with Zokhua and Chuncung villages and attacked and Khualai village of Zanniat tribe which resulted whole Zanniat tribe and the land became under the rule of Taisun.[9]
British ruleedit
The British ruled Burma from 1824 to 1948. Traditionally, Zanniat culture emphasized the importance of the rule of the head of a group of any size, from household to nation. The Zanniat did not adapt to British rule and operated a Pau Chin Hau governance avoiding centralised rule or local puppet chiefs.[10]
Religionedit
Traditionally, Zanniat people believed in the existence of a supernatural being called "Pathian". The people also believed in other spiritual beings known as "Khuazing", to whom they offered sacrifices in return for favours and blessings. People also believed in the existence of bad spiritual beings and demons such as "Khawsia".[citation needed]
^"1st Chin Rifles". The Burma Campaign. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
^La Polla R. J. and Thurgood G. Sino-Tibetan Languages Routledge, 2016 ISBN1315399482.
^"Chin, Falam" Ethnologue, languages of the world website. Accessed 6 July 2017.]
^ abCary, B. S.; Tuck, H. N. (1896). The Chin Hills, Vol.1. The superintendent, Government Printing, Burma. p. 146.
^Scott J. C.The Art of not being Governed Yale University Press, 2009 p212. ISBN0300156529.
^Persecution of Chin Christians in Burma Chin Human Rights Organisation website.
^Hre Kio S. A Short History of Christianity in Burma Mount Pleasant Christian Church documents.
November 02, 2023
zanniat, tribe, people, western, myanmar, burma, group, chin, peoples, tribe, fifty, seven, groupings, clans, group, existence, recorded, along, with, three, many, groups, burma, 1931, census, after, being, absent, chin, hills, gazette, 1896, 1943, tribal, gro. The Zanniat tribe are people of western Myanmar Burma who are a sub group of the Chin peoples The Zanniat tribe has fifty seven sub groupings and clans The group s existence was recorded along with three of its many sub groups in Burma s 1931 census after being absent in the Chin Hills gazette of 1896 1 2 In 1943 the Zanniat tribal groups of eastern Falam Township were recorded by Henry Stevenson b 1903 British colonial service in Burma 3 The Zanniat may also be known by similar sounding names such as Zahnyiet Zanniet Zanngiat and Zannaing Contents 1 Geography 1 1 Towns and villages in Zanniatland 2 Language 3 History 3 1 Taisun Tashon rule 3 2 British rule 4 Religion 5 ReferencesGeography editThe capital city or myo IPA mjo of the Zanniat is Webula The Zanniat tribal lands stretch from the hilly regions around the eastern part of the Manipur river to the plains of the Sagaing region and fall within Falam Township The Manipuri river flowing in a south easterly direction within the Falam township makes a clear natural boundary of Zanniat lands The Zanniat tribal land abuts Ngawn tribal land and the Tedim township in the north 4 5 The land has thick vegetation with fauna Forests within the area include the Khuanghlum Lianthar and Ngalsip forests The lands encompass thirty nine villages villages and towns Towns and villages in Zanniatland edit Congkua Darbo Farso new Lunghawh Haitui inexistence Hiangrun Khua ngaingai Hlanzawl new Khualai Hmunli Kamunchuang Cang ai va Kawlfang Khitam Khualai Khuaval Khumzing Khupleng Kimniang Kuangdon inexistence Lianrih Locom Lumbang 6 Lumte Lunghawh Maihol Mualzawl later included into greater Webula town Murang Ngaizam Nimzawl also new Nimzawl village founded Pamunchuang Ralum Simcing Thanghluang Thawi Tuphei Zo new Lunghawh village Thiamthi Tidil inexistance Tlangphai also known as Kulzam village Tlortang Tlorzan Tulung inexistance Vanniam Webula Zalang Zatual ZultuLanguage editZanniat is one of the Sino Tibetan languages 7 Ethnologue lists Zanniat as one of the dialects of Falam language 8 History editZanniat are the descendants of Zanniat Zanniat was one of the sons of Chin Lung Chin Dung a Shan Sawbwa Saopha of Kalemyo whose father was Kale Kyitaungnyu the ruler of Ava kingdom of Burma Myanmar Zanniat Hlawnceu and Thuankai were three brothers who left Kalay or Vingpui meaning fort in Zanniat language from conflict then moved to higher elevation which later known as Chin hills Zanniat decided to settle down in Runral The word Runral refers to the other side of a river in Zanniat language a land which is eastern from Manipur river and it became Locom village and the name Locom means to settle in Zanniat language Some of Zanniat s sons were Phunnim Sumthang Laizo Siahthang Zanniat Niat Hang and the descendants from each son were later became clans and families Thuankai had two sons named Hlawn Ceu and Phurh Hlum Phurh Hlum had two wives The descendants from Phurh Hlum s first wife are known as Nuhma family meaning pervious or first in Zanniat language Phurh Hlum had a second wife from Locom village and the descendants from his second wife are later known as Nuhnua family meaning later or second in Zanniat language One of Phurh Hlum sons was named as Zanniat to commemorate the great grand father Zanniat and the descendants from this man are later known as Zanniat clan or family which later cause conflicts in understanding the origin of Zanniat The descendants comprising from Zanniat and Phurh Hlum living in eastern side of Manipur river are commonly known as Zanniat people or Zanniat tribe Among the sons of Zanniat Laizo descendants live around Lumbang while Sumthang descendants live around Webulah Hluansang descendants being Chiefly clans settle in every Central Chin and Maraic tribal villages and in India Mizoram and Bangladesh Chittagong hills tracts Taisun Tashon Lerngo Hualngo Torr 9 and Khualsim tribes also later settled with Zanniat tribe Zanniat people trace their ancestry to the Chin of Tibeto Burman descent from origins in Mongolia The early Chin people settled in the western plains of Sagaing when it was known as Kauka or Vingpui and later as Kale The word Vingpui refers to a type of brick fort Thuankai had a son named Tlaisun Tashons people in English whose later became one of the strongest tribe founder of Falam or Fahlam ruling most parts of Chin hills Taisun Tashon rule edit In 1810 A D Taisun tribe collaborated with Zokhua and Chuncung villages and attacked and Khualai village of Zanniat tribe which resulted whole Zanniat tribe and the land became under the rule of Taisun 9 British rule edit The British ruled Burma from 1824 to 1948 Traditionally Zanniat culture emphasized the importance of the rule of the head of a group of any size from household to nation The Zanniat did not adapt to British rule and operated a Pau Chin Hau governance avoiding centralised rule or local puppet chiefs 10 Religion editTraditionally Zanniat people believed in the existence of a supernatural being called Pathian The people also believed in other spiritual beings known as Khuazing to whom they offered sacrifices in return for favours and blessings People also believed in the existence of bad spiritual beings and demons such as Khawsia citation needed The first Protestant Christian missionaries reached the Chin Hills on 15 March 1899 They were American Baptist workers Laura and Arthur Carson 11 12 In 1906 Thang Tsin became the first Christian among Zanniat people Roman Catholic missionaries arrived later citation needed References edit Burma Census 1931 Burma Library website The Chin Hills a history of the people our dealings with them their customs and manners and a gazetteer of their country Vol 1 Stevenson H N C Digital Library Of India 1943 01 01 The Economics Of The Central Chin Tribes The Times Of India Press Stevenson H N C Digital Library Of India 1943 01 01 The Economics Of The Central Chin Tribes The Times Of India Press Zanniat Land Zanniat website 2011 1st Chin Rifles The Burma Campaign Retrieved 2 March 2023 La Polla R J and Thurgood G Sino Tibetan Languages Routledge 2016 ISBN 1315399482 Chin Falam Ethnologue languages of the world website Accessed 6 July 2017 a b Cary B S Tuck H N 1896 The Chin Hills Vol 1 The superintendent Government Printing Burma p 146 Scott J C The Art of not being Governed Yale University Press 2009 p212 ISBN 0300156529 Persecution of Chin Christians in Burma Chin Human Rights Organisation website Hre Kio S A Short History of Christianity in Burma Mount Pleasant Christian Church documents Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Zanniat amp oldid 1144964123, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
