fbpx
Wikipedia

Ząbkowice Śląskie

December 26, 2023

Ząbkowice Śląskie (Zombkovitze [zɔmpkɔˈvit͡sɛ ˈɕlɔ̃skʲɛ]; German: Frankenstein in Schlesien; Silesian: Ślůnske Zůmbkowicy) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of Ząbkowice Śląskie County and of a local municipality called Gmina Ząbkowice Śląskie. The town lies approximately 63 kilometres (39 miles) south of the regional capital Wrocław. As of 2019, it had a population of 15,004.

Ząbkowice Śląskie
Market Square and town hall
Coat of arms
Ząbkowice Śląskie
Ząbkowice Śląskie
Coordinates: 50°35′N 16°49′E / 50.583°N 16.817°E / 50.583; 16.817
Country Poland
VoivodeshipLower Silesian
CountyZąbkowice Śląskie
GminaZąbkowice Śląskie
Government
 • MayorMarcin Orzeszek
Area
 • Total13.67 km2 (5.28 sq mi)
Elevation
280 m (920 ft)
Population
 (2019-06-30[1])
 • Total15,004
 • Density1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
57–200 and 57–201
Car platesDZA
National roads
Voivodeship roads
Websitezabkowice.pl

History edit

The town was established by Duke of Silesia Henry IV Probus, of the Piast dynasty, as Frankenstein in the early 13th century, following the Mongol invasion of Poland. The town was founded in the vicinity of the old Polish settlement of Sadlno, through which ran a trade route connecting Silesia and Bohemia.[2] The town was sited on a piece of land that belonged partly to the episcopal lands of Zwrócona and partly to the Monastery at Trzebnica. The town was located exactly halfway between the sites of two previously existing towns that had failed to attract enough settlers: Frankenberg and Löwenstein, and inherited its German name from both. Its positioning on the so-called King's Road between Prague and Wrocław, not too far from the commercially important city of Kłodzko would favour the development of the town. The town received municipal rights around 1280, the first mention of civitas Frankenstein is dated 10 January 1287. In 1295, Duke Bolko I the Strict granted the town staple right for salt and lead.[3] At the beginning of the 14th century, the first town hall and the castle were erected.[2] The city remained under rule of the Polish Piast dynasty before it was sold to the Bohemian (Czech) King in 1351.

In 1428 the city was invaded by the Hussites.[2] In 1456, Bohemian King Ladislaus the Posthumous gave the city in hereditary possession to the Czech noble Podiebrad family,[2] to which it belonged until 1569. The city was heavily damaged in 1468, during the Bohemian–Hungarian War,[2] and until 1490 it belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary, before becoming again part of Bohemia. In the 16th century, the castle and defensive walls were rebuilt.[2] Trade and craft flourished.[2] In the early 17th century the plague killed about one third of the population, and it has been speculated that events at that time may have inspired the Frankenstein story.[4] The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) ended the town's prosperity.[2] Austrian and Swedish troops marched through the city, which was severely damaged.[2] Afterwards, until the late 19th century, it remained a small town.[2] In 1742 it was annexed by Prussia. In 1826 Fryderyk Chopin travelled through the town.[5]

 
Mid-19th century view of the market square

In 1858 the town burned down and had to be rebuilt.[3] On this occasion, the upper part of the 15th-century leaning tower was reconstructed in a straight manner. The town was a county seat from 1816 to 1945. From 1871 to 1918 it was part of the German Empire. In the final stages of World War II, in 1945, a German-conducted death march of thousands of prisoners of several subcamps of the Auschwitz concentration camp passed through the town towards the Gross-Rosen concentration camp.[6] The town was not destroyed during the war.[2] After Germany's defeat in World War II, the town became again part of Poland, and was renamed to its historic Polish name Ząbkowice,[3] with the addition of the adjective Śląskie in 1946. The totality of its population was expelled in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement. Ząbkowice Śląskie was repopulated by Poles expelled from former Eastern Poland, annexed by the Soviet Union, as well as those arriving from central Poland.[2]

Sights edit

Ząbkowice Śląskie is often called the Silesian Pisa as it is known for its Leaning Tower (Krzywa Wieża), which is one of the main attractions in this part of Poland. However, there are also tourist attractions such as the 13th-century fortifications and the ruins of a 14th-century castle.

  • The Leaning Tower (Krzywa Wieża)
  • 13th century fortifications
  • Main Post Office
  • Ruins of the Ducal Castle
  • Saint Anne's Church
  • Town Hall
  • Church of the Nativity of Virgin Mary
  • Saint Hedwig's Church
  •  
    Leaning Tower
  •  
    Saint Anne church
  •  
    Main Post Office
  •  
    Town walls
  •  
    Preserved townhouses at the Market Square
  •  
    Ruins of the Ducal Castle

Notable people edit

Twin towns – sister cities edit

See twin towns of Gmina Ząbkowice Śląskie.

References edit

  1. ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 15 October 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Historia miasta". Portal informacyjny Gminy Ząbkowice Śląskie (in Polish). Retrieved 3 October 2019.
  3. ^ a b c Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XIV (in Polish). Warszawa. 1895. p. 507.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ^ Website describing events which might have inspired Mary Shelley's novel
  5. ^ Załuski, Pamela; Załuski, Iwo (2000). Szlakiem Chopina po Polsce (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo JaR. p. 68. ISBN 83-88513-00-1.
  6. ^ "The Death Marches". Sub Camps of Auschwitz. Retrieved 27 June 2021.

External links edit

  • (in Polish) Ząbkowice Śląskie municipal website
  • Frankenstein.pl: events of 1606 involving undertakers which might have inspired the 1818 novel by Mary Shelley
  • Jewish Community in Ząbkowice Śląskie on Virtual Shtetl
  • "Frankenstein" . The American Cyclopædia. 1879.
  • "Frankenstein" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. IX (9th ed.). 1879. p. 704.
  • "Frankenstein" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ząbkowice Śląskie.

December 26, 2023
ząbkowice, Śląskie, zombkovitze, zɔmpkɔˈvit, ˈɕlɔ, skʲɛ, german, frankenstein, schlesien, silesian, Ślůnske, zůmbkowicy, town, lower, silesian, voivodeship, south, western, poland, seat, county, local, municipality, called, gmina, town, lies, approximately, ki. Zabkowice Slaskie Zombkovitze zɔmpkɔˈvit sɛ ˈɕlɔ skʲɛ German Frankenstein in Schlesien Silesian Slunske Zumbkowicy is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in south western Poland It is the seat of Zabkowice Slaskie County and of a local municipality called Gmina Zabkowice Slaskie The town lies approximately 63 kilometres 39 miles south of the regional capital Wroclaw As of 2019 update it had a population of 15 004 Zabkowice SlaskieMarket Square and town hallCoat of armsZabkowice SlaskieShow map of PolandZabkowice SlaskieShow map of Lower Silesian VoivodeshipCoordinates 50 35 N 16 49 E 50 583 N 16 817 E 50 583 16 817Country PolandVoivodeshipLower SilesianCountyZabkowice SlaskieGminaZabkowice SlaskieGovernment MayorMarcin OrzeszekArea Total13 67 km2 5 28 sq mi Elevation280 m 920 ft Population 2019 06 30 1 Total15 004 Density1 100 km2 2 800 sq mi Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code57 200 and 57 201Car platesDZANational roadsVoivodeship roadsWebsitezabkowice pl Contents 1 History 2 Sights 3 Notable people 4 Twin towns sister cities 5 References 6 External linksHistory editThe town was established by Duke of Silesia Henry IV Probus of the Piast dynasty as Frankenstein in the early 13th century following the Mongol invasion of Poland The town was founded in the vicinity of the old Polish settlement of Sadlno through which ran a trade route connecting Silesia and Bohemia 2 The town was sited on a piece of land that belonged partly to the episcopal lands of Zwrocona and partly to the Monastery at Trzebnica The town was located exactly halfway between the sites of two previously existing towns that had failed to attract enough settlers Frankenberg and Lowenstein and inherited its German name from both Its positioning on the so called King s Road between Prague and Wroclaw not too far from the commercially important city of Klodzko would favour the development of the town The town received municipal rights around 1280 the first mention of civitas Frankenstein is dated 10 January 1287 In 1295 Duke Bolko I the Strict granted the town staple right for salt and lead 3 At the beginning of the 14th century the first town hall and the castle were erected 2 The city remained under rule of the Polish Piast dynasty before it was sold to the Bohemian Czech King in 1351 In 1428 the city was invaded by the Hussites 2 In 1456 Bohemian King Ladislaus the Posthumous gave the city in hereditary possession to the Czech noble Podiebrad family 2 to which it belonged until 1569 The city was heavily damaged in 1468 during the Bohemian Hungarian War 2 and until 1490 it belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary before becoming again part of Bohemia In the 16th century the castle and defensive walls were rebuilt 2 Trade and craft flourished 2 In the early 17th century the plague killed about one third of the population and it has been speculated that events at that time may have inspired the Frankenstein story 4 The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 ended the town s prosperity 2 Austrian and Swedish troops marched through the city which was severely damaged 2 Afterwards until the late 19th century it remained a small town 2 In 1742 it was annexed by Prussia In 1826 Fryderyk Chopin travelled through the town 5 nbsp Mid 19th century view of the market squareIn 1858 the town burned down and had to be rebuilt 3 On this occasion the upper part of the 15th century leaning tower was reconstructed in a straight manner The town was a county seat from 1816 to 1945 From 1871 to 1918 it was part of the German Empire In the final stages of World War II in 1945 a German conducted death march of thousands of prisoners of several subcamps of the Auschwitz concentration camp passed through the town towards the Gross Rosen concentration camp 6 The town was not destroyed during the war 2 After Germany s defeat in World War II the town became again part of Poland and was renamed to its historic Polish name Zabkowice 3 with the addition of the adjective Slaskie in 1946 The totality of its population was expelled in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement Zabkowice Slaskie was repopulated by Poles expelled from former Eastern Poland annexed by the Soviet Union as well as those arriving from central Poland 2 Sights editZabkowice Slaskie is often called the Silesian Pisa as it is known for its Leaning Tower Krzywa Wieza which is one of the main attractions in this part of Poland However there are also tourist attractions such as the 13th century fortifications and the ruins of a 14th century castle The Leaning Tower Krzywa Wieza 13th century fortifications Main Post Office Ruins of the Ducal Castle Saint Anne s Church Town Hall Church of the Nativity of Virgin Mary Saint Hedwig s Church nbsp Leaning Tower nbsp Saint Anne church nbsp Main Post Office nbsp Town walls nbsp Preserved townhouses at the Market Square nbsp Ruins of the Ducal CastleNotable people editDavid Pareus 1548 1622 German Reformed Protestant theologian and reformer Karl von Strotha 1786 1870 Prussian officer and Minister of War Fritz Erler 1868 1940 German artist born in Frankenstein Wilhelm Kroll 1869 1939 German classic philologist Gunther Specht 1914 1945 Luftwaffe pilot Horst Hannig 1921 1943 Luftwaffe pilot Piotr Zielinski born 1994 Polish football playerTwin towns sister cities editSee twin towns of Gmina Zabkowice Slaskie References edit Population Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019 As of 30th June stat gov pl Statistics Poland 15 October 2019 Retrieved 14 February 2020 a b c d e f g h i j k l Historia miasta Portal informacyjny Gminy Zabkowice Slaskie in Polish Retrieved 3 October 2019 a b c Slownik geograficzny Krolestwa Polskiego i innych krajow slowianskich Tom XIV in Polish Warszawa 1895 p 507 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Website describing events which might have inspired Mary Shelley s novel Zaluski Pamela Zaluski Iwo 2000 Szlakiem Chopina po Polsce in Polish Warszawa Wydawnictwo JaR p 68 ISBN 83 88513 00 1 The Death Marches Sub Camps of Auschwitz Retrieved 27 June 2021 External links edit in Polish Zabkowice Slaskie municipal website Frankenstein pl events of 1606 involving undertakers which might have inspired the 1818 novel by Mary Shelley Jewish Community in Zabkowice Slaskie on Virtual Shtetl Frankenstein The American Cyclopaedia 1879 Frankenstein Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol IX 9th ed 1879 p 704 Frankenstein Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed 1911 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zabkowice Slaskie Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Zabkowice Slaskie amp oldid 1186649317, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.