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Yotvata

"Yotvat" is also the Hebrew name for Tiran Island.

Yotvata (Hebrew: יָטְבָתָה, Arabic: يوتفاتا) is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located on the Arabah road in the southern Negev, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Eilot Regional Council. In 2022, it had a population of 743.[1]

Yotvata
יָטְבָתָה
يوتفاتا‎
Yotvata (Edom Mountains in the background).
Yotvata
Yotvata
Coordinates: 29°53′44″N 35°3′36″E / 29.89556°N 35.06000°E / 29.89556; 35.06000
Country Israel
DistrictSouthern
CouncilHevel Eilot
AffiliationKibbutz Movement
Founded1951
Founded byIhud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim Members
Population
 (2022)[1]
743
Websitewww.yotvata.org.il

The Arabah valley is an arid desert where the average annual rainfall is less than 30 mm and temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in summer and 21 °C (70 °F) in winter.[2]

Location edit

Located approximately 40 km north of the Red Sea, Yotvata is the first, biggest, and most prosperous Kibbutz in Hevel Eilot Regional Council. Being relatively far from major urban centers (41 kilometers north of Eilat and 130 kilometers south of Dimona), it is the center of the region, where most regional facilities are based, including a regional school, regional council offices, community center, sports center, movies and concert hall, and local airfield.

History edit

Establishment edit

 
Ein Radian/Yotvata 1948
 
Ein Radian Nahal Settlement

Yotvata was formed in 1951 as a Nahal settlement named Ein Radian. In 1957, it was established as the first kibbutz in the southern Arabah region by Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim. The kibbutz is named after an Israelite encampment mentioned in Numbers 33:34 and Deuteronomy 10:7: "…from there they went to Gudgodah, and then to Jotbatha, a land of streaming water."[3][4] Althme debates over the exact location of the biblical Yotvata (some say that it is closer to the Red Sea near Taba), the idea of a desert oasis for Israelis was in the founders' mind; the local oasis was the Ein Radian wellspring.[5]

The founders, a small group of men and women 20 years of age and just out of the military service, decided to pursue a life of pioneering and built their home in the desert. They had massive challenges presented by the desert: the burning sun, the heat, shortage of water, salty land and water, limited transportation and no secure source of income. They started making all kinds of agricultural trials in growing grapes, pomegranates and vegetables. They also raised cattle and chickens with little success. The dates plantation proved more suitable to the environment's arid conditions.

 
Yotvata - 2003

And then came the initiative to found a dairy that would provide milk to Eilat, which was expected to grow rapidly. Breeding milking cows in the desert was considered an impossible mission. In 1962 the dairy was founded, with four cows, the member who led the vision and the operation was Ori Horazo (1939–1966).[5] The members tried to get funds from the Jewish Agency but failed. Eventually, they received funding from the Israeli Trade and Industry Minister, Pinhas Sapir. In its first year, the dairy produced 500,000 liters of milk. By 2008, it was producing 62 million liters a year and controlled 63% of the Israeli dairy-beverage market (making NIS 400 million a year), and 49% of the fortified milk market (making NIS 250 million a year). It employed 130 workers and had 700 cows.[6] The dairies of Kibbutz Yahel, Lotan, and Ketura provide milk for Yotvata.

In 1960, the first children of the community were born, and six years later the school opened with three first graders; today there are 200 kids in the kibbutz, and 600 students from all of the region communities attend the Maale Shaharut School in Yotvata from 1st grade until 12th grade.[5]

Archaeology edit

Judging by the numerous historic forts surrounding the Kibbutz, Yotvata's location was a strategic one:[7]

  • Southwest of the kibbutz lies a Roman fortress built during the reign of the Emperor Diocletian (dated c. 300 AD) as part of a line of border fortresses (the Limes Arabicus) in the Negev, in order to protect the trade route from marauding Arab nomads.[7][8][9]
  • East of the kibbutz lies an ancient Arab resting fortress with towers in its corners, dating from the Nabataeans era (c. 700 AD) and served as a resting station for the convoys crossing the desert.[7]
  • On a hill west of the kibbutz (50 m), there is an ancient fort dating from the Iron Age (c. 12th century BCE). The fort overlooks the wellspring, and is considered to have served the Egyptians copper miners.[7]
  • East of the kibbutz to the north and to the south there is a wells-chain (known as Fugaras) connected with a tunnel that leads the aquifer water to the surface. Fugaras is an ancient but sophisticated irrigation system.[7]
  • North of the kibbutz are two ancient leopard traps. Leopards are known to have inhabited this area.[7]

Economy and community edit

 
Yotvata's road stop

Yotvata is a cooperative community, where most adult residents work on the kibbutz in production, services or education. The revenues are equally distributed among the members regardless of their position, along the idea of each one gives as much as he can and gets as much as he needs. Most of daily affairs are conducted communally: education, holidays, dining (three meals a day conducted in the commune dining room give the community more relaxed time to spend together) and more.[5]

Yotvata Dairy is a milk products factory which provides the kibbutz with its main source of income and occupies the highest number of members.

Agriculture ranks second in terms of income but perhaps first in importance to the community character and pride. Agriculture branches are irrigated land (onions, potatoes, corn, animal feed, garlic and pumpkins), plantations (dates and mangos) and a big and modern dairy farm.[5]

There is also a big road stop shop on the Arabah Road that provides refreshments for travelers.

Other small branches are a picturesque horse stable that lies in the date plantation east to the kibbutz and a few artistic studios.

All members take turns contributing to the kibbutz service branches: kitchen, dining room, laundry, and security.

The kibbutz gets all its drinking and irrigation water from aquifer wells in the Arabah valley.

Attractions edit

Yotvata Hai-Bar Nature Reserve is dedicated to reintroducing extinct species mentioned in the Bible, as well as other endangered desert animals, to the wild. It has three parts: a park for herbivorous animals; a Predators Center that displays reptiles, small desert animals and large predators; and the Desert Night Life Exhibition Hall to observe nocturnal animals during their active hours.[10]

15 km south of Yotvata lies Timna valley, where the sandstone and calcareous rock formations present some breathtaking desert features such as the Solomon's Pillars, Arches and a Mushroom. Timna is also known for its ancient copper mines.

The area provides many great desert walks including canyons, roman routes, sand dunes, fossil hunting, rock-climbing and more.

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  2. ^ "Israel In Numbers" (PDF). Central Bureau of Statistic.
  3. ^ Deuteronomy 10:7
  4. ^ El'azari, Yuval, ed. (2005). Mapa's Concise Gazetteer of Israel (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv: Mapa Publishing. p. 217. ISBN 965-7184-34-7.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Yotvata website".
  6. ^ Peretz, Sapir (2008-07-30). "איך הפכה יטבתה ממחלבה קטנה בלב המדבר לאחד המותגים החזקים במשק?" [How did Yotvata turn from a small dairy in the middle of the desert to one of the market's strongest brands?]. Globes (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2019-05-27.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Menachem Marcus (1979). Hevel Eilot Survey. Hevel Eilot Regional Council. pp. 214–220.
  8. ^ Bard, Mitchell G., ed. (January 2016). "The Eilat Region". Jewish Virtual Library.
  9. ^ . Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2011-04-24.
  10. ^ "The Yotvata Hai-Bar Nature Reserve". Haaretz. 2008-04-16. Retrieved 2008-10-01.

External links edit

  • Official website
  • . redseadesert.com. Archived from the original on 2008-09-29. Retrieved 2008-10-01.

yotvata, yotvat, also, hebrew, name, tiran, island, hebrew, arabic, يوتفاتا, kibbutz, southern, israel, located, arabah, road, southern, negev, falls, under, jurisdiction, hevel, eilot, regional, council, 2022, population, يوتفاتا, edom, mountains, background,. Yotvat is also the Hebrew name for Tiran Island Yotvata Hebrew י ט ב ת ה Arabic يوتفاتا is a kibbutz in southern Israel Located on the Arabah road in the southern Negev it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Eilot Regional Council In 2022 it had a population of 743 1 Yotvata י ט ב ת ה يوتفاتا Yotvata Edom Mountains in the background YotvataShow map of Southern Negev region of IsraelYotvataShow map of IsraelCoordinates 29 53 44 N 35 3 36 E 29 89556 N 35 06000 E 29 89556 35 06000Country IsraelDistrictSouthernCouncilHevel EilotAffiliationKibbutz MovementFounded1951Founded byIhud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim MembersPopulation 2022 1 743Websitewww yotvata org ilThe Arabah valley is an arid desert where the average annual rainfall is less than 30 mm and temperatures often exceed 40 C 104 F in summer and 21 C 70 F in winter 2 Contents 1 Location 2 History 2 1 Establishment 2 2 Archaeology 3 Economy and community 4 Attractions 5 References 6 External linksLocation editLocated approximately 40 km north of the Red Sea Yotvata is the first biggest and most prosperous Kibbutz in Hevel Eilot Regional Council Being relatively far from major urban centers 41 kilometers north of Eilat and 130 kilometers south of Dimona it is the center of the region where most regional facilities are based including a regional school regional council offices community center sports center movies and concert hall and local airfield History editEstablishment edit nbsp Ein Radian Yotvata 1948 nbsp Ein Radian Nahal SettlementYotvata was formed in 1951 as a Nahal settlement named Ein Radian In 1957 it was established as the first kibbutz in the southern Arabah region by Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim The kibbutz is named after an Israelite encampment mentioned in Numbers 33 34 and Deuteronomy 10 7 from there they went to Gudgodah and then to Jotbatha a land of streaming water 3 4 Althme debates over the exact location of the biblical Yotvata some say that it is closer to the Red Sea near Taba the idea of a desert oasis for Israelis was in the founders mind the local oasis was the Ein Radian wellspring 5 The founders a small group of men and women 20 years of age and just out of the military service decided to pursue a life of pioneering and built their home in the desert They had massive challenges presented by the desert the burning sun the heat shortage of water salty land and water limited transportation and no secure source of income They started making all kinds of agricultural trials in growing grapes pomegranates and vegetables They also raised cattle and chickens with little success The dates plantation proved more suitable to the environment s arid conditions nbsp Yotvata 2003And then came the initiative to found a dairy that would provide milk to Eilat which was expected to grow rapidly Breeding milking cows in the desert was considered an impossible mission In 1962 the dairy was founded with four cows the member who led the vision and the operation was Ori Horazo 1939 1966 5 The members tried to get funds from the Jewish Agency but failed Eventually they received funding from the Israeli Trade and Industry Minister Pinhas Sapir In its first year the dairy produced 500 000 liters of milk By 2008 it was producing 62 million liters a year and controlled 63 of the Israeli dairy beverage market making NIS 400 million a year and 49 of the fortified milk market making NIS 250 million a year It employed 130 workers and had 700 cows 6 The dairies of Kibbutz Yahel Lotan and Ketura provide milk for Yotvata In 1960 the first children of the community were born and six years later the school opened with three first graders today there are 200 kids in the kibbutz and 600 students from all of the region communities attend the Maale Shaharut School in Yotvata from 1st grade until 12th grade 5 Archaeology edit Judging by the numerous historic forts surrounding the Kibbutz Yotvata s location was a strategic one 7 Southwest of the kibbutz lies a Roman fortress built during the reign of the Emperor Diocletian dated c 300 AD as part of a line of border fortresses the Limes Arabicus in the Negev in order to protect the trade route from marauding Arab nomads 7 8 9 East of the kibbutz lies an ancient Arab resting fortress with towers in its corners dating from the Nabataeans era c 700 AD and served as a resting station for the convoys crossing the desert 7 On a hill west of the kibbutz 50 m there is an ancient fort dating from the Iron Age c 12th century BCE The fort overlooks the wellspring and is considered to have served the Egyptians copper miners 7 East of the kibbutz to the north and to the south there is a wells chain known as Fugaras connected with a tunnel that leads the aquifer water to the surface Fugaras is an ancient but sophisticated irrigation system 7 North of the kibbutz are two ancient leopard traps Leopards are known to have inhabited this area 7 Economy and community edit nbsp Yotvata s road stopYotvata is a cooperative community where most adult residents work on the kibbutz in production services or education The revenues are equally distributed among the members regardless of their position along the idea of each one gives as much as he can and gets as much as he needs Most of daily affairs are conducted communally education holidays dining three meals a day conducted in the commune dining room give the community more relaxed time to spend together and more 5 Yotvata Dairy is a milk products factory which provides the kibbutz with its main source of income and occupies the highest number of members Agriculture ranks second in terms of income but perhaps first in importance to the community character and pride Agriculture branches are irrigated land onions potatoes corn animal feed garlic and pumpkins plantations dates and mangos and a big and modern dairy farm 5 There is also a big road stop shop on the Arabah Road that provides refreshments for travelers Other small branches are a picturesque horse stable that lies in the date plantation east to the kibbutz and a few artistic studios All members take turns contributing to the kibbutz service branches kitchen dining room laundry and security The kibbutz gets all its drinking and irrigation water from aquifer wells in the Arabah valley Attractions editYotvata Hai Bar Nature Reserve is dedicated to reintroducing extinct species mentioned in the Bible as well as other endangered desert animals to the wild It has three parts a park for herbivorous animals a Predators Center that displays reptiles small desert animals and large predators and the Desert Night Life Exhibition Hall to observe nocturnal animals during their active hours 10 15 km south of Yotvata lies Timna valley where the sandstone and calcareous rock formations present some breathtaking desert features such as the Solomon s Pillars Arches and a Mushroom Timna is also known for its ancient copper mines The area provides many great desert walks including canyons roman routes sand dunes fossil hunting rock climbing and more References edit a b Regional Statistics Israel Central Bureau of Statistics Retrieved 21 March 2024 Israel In Numbers PDF Central Bureau of Statistic Deuteronomy 10 7 El azari Yuval ed 2005 Mapa s Concise Gazetteer of Israel in Hebrew Tel Aviv Mapa Publishing p 217 ISBN 965 7184 34 7 a b c d e Yotvata website Peretz Sapir 2008 07 30 איך הפכה יטבתה ממחלבה קטנה בלב המדבר לאחד המותגים החזקים במשק How did Yotvata turn from a small dairy in the middle of the desert to one of the market s strongest brands Globes in Hebrew Retrieved 2019 05 27 a b c d e f Menachem Marcus 1979 Hevel Eilot Survey Hevel Eilot Regional Council pp 214 220 Bard Mitchell G ed January 2016 The Eilat Region Jewish Virtual Library Israel Antiquities Authority Archived from the original on 2012 06 06 Retrieved 2011 04 24 The Yotvata Hai Bar Nature Reserve Haaretz 2008 04 16 Retrieved 2008 10 01 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yotvata Official website Hai Bar Animal and Nature Reserve Red Sea Desert redseadesert com Archived from the original on 2008 09 29 Retrieved 2008 10 01 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yotvata amp oldid 1205456476, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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