The yellow pond turtle (Mauremys mutica), is a medium-sized (to 19.5 cm), semiaquatic turtle in the family Geoemydidae. This species has a characteristic broad yellow stripe extending behind the eye and down the neck; the carapace ranges in color from grayish brown to brown, and the plastron is yellow or orange with black blotches along the outer edges.[4] It is native to East Asia, ranging from central Vietnam and Laos, north through the coastal provinces of south and central China, with insular populations known from Taiwan, Hainan and the Ryukyu Islands.[1] Although populations in the southern Ryukyus are thought to be native, populations in the northern and central Ryukyus, as well as central Japan, are believed to have been introduced as a result of imports from Taiwan.[5]
Annamemys groeliovskiae Battersby, 1960 (ex errore)
Mauremys mutica McDowell, 1964
Mauremys muica Zhou & Zhou, 1991 (ex errore)
Mauremys grochovskiae Iverson & McCord, 1994
Mauremys mutica mutica Yasukawa, Ota & Iverson, 1996
Cathaiemys mutica mutica Vetter, 2006
Mauremys mutica kami
Mauremys mutica kami Yasukawa, Ota & Iverson, 1996
Mauremys mutica karni Ferri, 2002 (ex errore)
Cathaiemys mutica kami Vetter, 2006
This species inhabits ponds, creeks, swamps, marshes, and other bodies of shallow, slow-moving water. It is omnivorous, feeding on insects, fish, tadpoles, and vegetable matter such as leaves and seeds. The yellow pond turtle generally remains in or close to water during the day, but may become more active at night and during rainy weather, when it sometimes ventures onto land.[5]
One subspecies, M. m. kami, is currently recognized in the southern Ryukyu Islands.[5] Research has shown unexpected genetic diversity in M. mutica, raising the possibility that additional subspecies might exist. Evidence of widespread hybridization further complicates efforts to understand the genetics of this and related species.[6] Several hybrid Asian pond turtles that were described as new species have been found to be hybrids. Fujian pond turtles (Mauremys iversoni) are hybrid specimens mainly produced in Chinese turtle farms, usually from matings between female yellow pond turtles and golden coin turtles (Cuora trifasciata) males. The supposed Mauremys pritchardi turtles are wild and captive-bred hybrids between the present species and the Chinese pond turtle (Chinemys reevesi).[7][8]
The yellow pond turtle is threatened with extinction. China is the largest consumer of turtles in the world, and this trade has been cited as the greatest threat to Asian turtles, including M. mutica. Most of the turtle trade is destined for human consumption, but traditional medicine[9] and the pet trade are also driving demand for turtles.[10][11][12] Habitat loss and water pollution are additional impacts. The IUCN considers M. mutica a critically endangered species and it is listed in CITES Appendix II.[1]
A yellow pond turtle, Mauremys mutica, at the surface of the water in a terrarium
References
^ abcFong, J.; Hoang, H.; Li, P.; McCormack, T.; Rao, D.-Q.; Wang, L. (2021). "Mauremys mutica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39613A2930788. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T39613A2930788.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
^Fritz Uwe; Peter Havaš (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World" (PDF). Vertebrate Zoology. 57 (2): 231–232. ISSN 1864-5755. (PDF) from the original on 2011-05-01. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
Wikispecies has information related to Mauremys mutica.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mauremys mutica.
Further reading
Cheung, S. M.; Dudgeon, D. (2006). "Quantifying the Asian turtle crisis: market surveys in southern China, 2000–2003". Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 16 (7): 751–770. doi:10.1002/aqc.803.
Ernst, C.H.; Altenburg, R.G.M.; Barbour, R.W. . Turtles of the World. World Biodiversity Database. Archived from the original on 2016-02-23. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
Feldman, Chris R.; Parham, James F. (2004). "Molecular Systematics of Old World Stripe-Necked Turtles (Testudines: Mauremys)" (PDF). Asiatic Herpetological Research. 10: 28–37.
Fong, J.J.; Parham, J.F.; Shi, H.; Stuart, B.L.; Carter, R.L. (2007). "A genetic survey of heavily exploited, endangered turtles: caveats on the conservation value of trade animals". Animal Conservation. 10 (4): 452–460. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2007.00131.x.
Gong, Shi-Pin; Chow, Alex T.; Fong, Jonathan J.; Shi, Hai-Tao (2009). "The chelonian trade in the largest pet market in China: scale, scope and impact on turtle conservation". Oryx. 43 (2): 213–216. doi:10.1017/S0030605308000902.
Parham, James Ford; Simison, W. Brian; Kozak, Kenneth H.; Feldman, Chris R.; Shi, Haitao (2001). "New Chinese turtles: endangered or invalid? A reassessment of two species using mitochondrial DNA, allozyme electrophoresis and known-locality specimens" (PDF). Animal Conservation. 4 (4): 357–367. doi:10.1017/s1367943001001421.
Rômulo, Nóbrega Alves; Washington, Silva Vieira; Gindomar, Santana (2008). "Reptiles used in traditional folk medicine: conservation implications". Biodiversity and Conservation. 17 (8): 2037–2049. doi:10.1007/s10531-007-9305-0. S2CID 42500066.
Shi, Haitao; Parham, James Ford (2000). "Preliminary Observations of a Large Turtle Farm in Hainan Province, People's Republic of China". Turtle and Tortoise Newsletter. 3: 4–6. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
Yasukawa, Yuichirou; Ota, Hidetoshi; Iverson, John B. (1996). "Geographic Variation and Sexual Size Dimorphism in Mauremys mutica (Cantor, 1842) (Reptilia: Bataguridae), with Description of a New Subspecies from the Southern Ryukyus, Japan" (PDF). Zoological Science. 13 (2): 303–317. doi:10.2108/zsj.13.303. hdl:2433/108626. S2CID 86329995.
. Wildscreen Arkive. Archived from the original on 2015-09-08. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
yellow, pond, turtle, yellow, pond, turtle, mauremys, mutica, medium, sized, semiaquatic, turtle, family, geoemydidae, this, species, characteristic, broad, yellow, stripe, extending, behind, down, neck, carapace, ranges, color, from, grayish, brown, brown, pl. The yellow pond turtle Mauremys mutica is a medium sized to 19 5 cm semiaquatic turtle in the family Geoemydidae This species has a characteristic broad yellow stripe extending behind the eye and down the neck the carapace ranges in color from grayish brown to brown and the plastron is yellow or orange with black blotches along the outer edges 4 It is native to East Asia ranging from central Vietnam and Laos north through the coastal provinces of south and central China with insular populations known from Taiwan Hainan and the Ryukyu Islands 1 Although populations in the southern Ryukyus are thought to be native populations in the northern and central Ryukyus as well as central Japan are believed to have been introduced as a result of imports from Taiwan 5 Yellow pond turtleTaxidermed specimen of Mauremys mutica kami exhibited in the National Museum of Nature and Science Tokyo JapanConservation statusCritically Endangered IUCN 3 1 1 CITES Appendix II CITES 2 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ReptiliaOrder TestudinesSuborder CryptodiraSuperfamily TestudinoideaFamily GeoemydidaeGenus MauremysSpecies M muticaBinomial nameMauremys mutica Cantor 1842 Synonyms 3 Mauremys mutica muticaEmys muticus Cantor 1842 Emys mutica Gray 1844 Clemmys mutica Boettger 1888 Damonia mutica Boulenger 1889 Clemmys schmackeri Boettger 1894 Geoclemys mutica Siebenrock 1909 Cathaiemys mutica Lindholm 1931 Annamemys grochovskiae Tien 1957 Annamemys groeliovskiae Battersby 1960 ex errore Mauremys mutica McDowell 1964 Mauremys muica Zhou amp Zhou 1991 ex errore Mauremys grochovskiae Iverson amp McCord 1994 Mauremys mutica mutica Yasukawa Ota amp Iverson 1996 Cathaiemys mutica mutica Vetter 2006Mauremys mutica kamiMauremys mutica kami Yasukawa Ota amp Iverson 1996 Mauremys mutica karni Ferri 2002 ex errore Cathaiemys mutica kami Vetter 2006This species inhabits ponds creeks swamps marshes and other bodies of shallow slow moving water It is omnivorous feeding on insects fish tadpoles and vegetable matter such as leaves and seeds The yellow pond turtle generally remains in or close to water during the day but may become more active at night and during rainy weather when it sometimes ventures onto land 5 One subspecies M m kami is currently recognized in the southern Ryukyu Islands 5 Research has shown unexpected genetic diversity in M mutica raising the possibility that additional subspecies might exist Evidence of widespread hybridization further complicates efforts to understand the genetics of this and related species 6 Several hybrid Asian pond turtles that were described as new species have been found to be hybrids Fujian pond turtles Mauremys iversoni are hybrid specimens mainly produced in Chinese turtle farms usually from matings between female yellow pond turtles and golden coin turtles Cuora trifasciata males The supposed Mauremys pritchardi turtles are wild and captive bred hybrids between the present species and the Chinese pond turtle Chinemys reevesi 7 8 Clemmys guangxiensis is a composite taxon described from specimens of M mutica and the natural hybrid Mauremys iversoni 8 The yellow pond turtle is threatened with extinction China is the largest consumer of turtles in the world and this trade has been cited as the greatest threat to Asian turtles including M mutica Most of the turtle trade is destined for human consumption but traditional medicine 9 and the pet trade are also driving demand for turtles 10 11 12 Habitat loss and water pollution are additional impacts The IUCN considers M mutica a critically endangered species and it is listed in CITES Appendix II 1 A yellow pond turtle Mauremys mutica at the surface of the water in a terrariumReferences Edit a b c Fong J Hoang H Li P McCormack T Rao D Q Wang L 2021 Mauremys mutica IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021 e T39613A2930788 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2021 2 RLTS T39613A2930788 en Retrieved 17 November 2021 Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved 2022 01 14 Fritz Uwe Peter Havas 2007 Checklist of Chelonians of the World PDF Vertebrate Zoology 57 2 231 232 ISSN 1864 5755 Archived PDF from the original on 2011 05 01 Retrieved 29 May 2012 Ernst Altenburg amp Barbour a b c Yasukawa Ota amp Iverson 1996 Fong et al 2007 Feldman amp Parham 2004 a b Parham et al 2001 Romulo Washington amp Gindomar 2008 Cheung amp Dudgeon 2006 Gong et al 2009 Shi amp Parham 2000 Wikispecies has information related to Mauremys mutica Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mauremys mutica Further reading EditCheung S M Dudgeon D 2006 Quantifying the Asian turtle crisis market surveys in southern China 2000 2003 Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16 7 751 770 doi 10 1002 aqc 803 Ernst C H Altenburg R G M Barbour R W Mauremys mutica Turtles of the World World Biodiversity Database Archived from the original on 2016 02 23 Retrieved 26 January 2016 Feldman Chris R Parham James F 2004 Molecular Systematics of Old World Stripe Necked Turtles Testudines Mauremys PDF Asiatic Herpetological Research 10 28 37 Fong J J Parham J F Shi H Stuart B L Carter R L 2007 A genetic survey of heavily exploited endangered turtles caveats on the conservation value of trade animals Animal Conservation 10 4 452 460 doi 10 1111 j 1469 1795 2007 00131 x Gong Shi Pin Chow Alex T Fong Jonathan J Shi Hai Tao 2009 The chelonian trade in the largest pet market in China scale scope and impact on turtle conservation Oryx 43 2 213 216 doi 10 1017 S0030605308000902 Parham James Ford Simison W Brian Kozak Kenneth H Feldman Chris R Shi Haitao 2001 New Chinese turtles endangered or invalid A reassessment of two species using mitochondrial DNA allozyme electrophoresis and known locality specimens PDF Animal Conservation 4 4 357 367 doi 10 1017 s1367943001001421 Romulo Nobrega Alves Washington Silva Vieira Gindomar Santana 2008 Reptiles used in traditional folk medicine conservation implications Biodiversity and Conservation 17 8 2037 2049 doi 10 1007 s10531 007 9305 0 S2CID 42500066 Shi Haitao Parham James Ford 2000 Preliminary Observations of a Large Turtle Farm in Hainan Province People s Republic of China Turtle and Tortoise Newsletter 3 4 6 Retrieved 27 January 2016 Yasukawa Yuichirou Ota Hidetoshi Iverson John B 1996 Geographic Variation and Sexual Size Dimorphism in Mauremys mutica Cantor 1842 Reptilia Bataguridae with Description of a New Subspecies from the Southern Ryukyus Japan PDF Zoological Science 13 2 303 317 doi 10 2108 zsj 13 303 hdl 2433 108626 S2CID 86329995 Asian yellow pond turtle Mauremys mutica Wildscreen Arkive Archived from the original on 2015 09 08 Retrieved 26 January 2016 External links Edithttp www asianturtlenetwork org field guide field guide intro htm Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yellow pond turtle amp oldid 1144047777, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
