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Blaschke was the son of mathematician Josef Blaschke, who taught geometry at the Landes Oberrealschule in Graz. After studying for two years at the Technische Hochschule in Graz, he went to the University of Vienna, and completed a doctorate in 1908 under the supervision of Wilhelm Wirtinger.[1] His dissertation was Über eine besondere Art von Kurven vierter Klasse.[2]
After completing his doctorate he spent several years visiting mathematicians at the major universities in Italy and Germany. He spent two years each in positions in Prague, Leipzig, Göttingen, and Tübingen until, in 1919, he took the professorship at the University of Hamburg that he would keep for the rest of his career.[1] His students at Hamburg included Shiing-Shen Chern, Luis Santaló, and Emanuel Sperner.[2]
After the war, Blaschke was removed from his position at the University of Hamburg for his Nazi affiliation, but after an appeal his professorship was restored in 1946.[1] He remained at the university until his retirement in 1953.[1]
Publicationsedit
In 1916 Blaschke published one of the first books devoted to convex sets: Circle and Sphere (Kreis und Kugel). Drawing on dozens of sources, Blaschke made a thorough review of the subject with citations within the text to attribute credit in a classical area of mathematics.
Kreis und Kugel, Leipzig, Veit 1916;[5] 3rd edn. Berlin, de Gruyter 1956
Vorlesungen über Differentialgeometrie, 3 vols., Springer, Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften 1921-1929 (vol. 1, Elementare Differentialgeometrie;[6] vol. 2, Affine Differentialgeometrie; vol. 3, Differentialgeometrie der Kreise und Kugeln, 1929)
with G. Bol: Geometrie der Gewebe. Berlin: Springer 1938[7]
Ebene Kinematik. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner 1938,[8] 2nd expanded edn. with Hans Robert Müller, Oldenbourg, München 1956
Nicht-Euklidische Geometrie und Mechanik I, II, III. Leipzig: B.G.Teubner (1942)
Zur Bewegungsgeometrie auf der Kugel. In: Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften (1948)
Einführung in die Differentialgeometrie. Springer 1950,[9] 2nd expanded edn. with H. Reichardt 1960
with Kurt Leichtweiß: Elementare Differentialgeometrie. Berlin: Springer (5th edn. 1973)
^ abHeinrich Behnke (1898-1979): zwischen Mathematik und deren Didaktik, Uta Hartmann, 2009 ISBN9783631588604
^Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Zweite aktualisierte Auflage, Frankfurt am Main 2005, S. 52.
^Groß, Wilhelm (1917). "Kreis und Kugel: von Dr. Wilhelm Blaschke. Veit & Comp., Leipzig 1916, 169 S. 650 Mark". Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik. 28: A4. doi:10.1007/BF01698249.
^Bliss, G. A. (1923). "Blaschke on Differential Geometry". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 29 (7): 322–325. doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1923-03737-3.
^Walker, R. J. (1939). "Review: W. Blaschke and G. Bol, Geometrie der Gewebe". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 45 (9): 652–653. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1939-07052-3.
^Synge, J. L. (1939). "Review: W. Blaschke, Eben Kinematik". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 45 (11): 814–815. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1939-07071-7.
^Allendoerfer, Carl B. (1951). "Review, W. Blaschke, Einführung in die Differentialgeometrie". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 57 (1, Part 1): 84–85. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1951-09454-9.
^Hsiung, C. C. (1957). "Review: W. Blaschke, Einführung in die Geometrie der Waben". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 63 (3): 203–204. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1957-10104-9.
^Willmore, Tom (October 1984). "review of Gesammelte Werke, Band I by Wilhelm Blaschke, edited by W. Burau, S. S. Chern et al". Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society. 27 (3): 347–349. doi:10.1017/S0013091500022549.
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German December 2009 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 139 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de Wilhelm Blaschke see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated de Wilhelm Blaschke to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Wilhelm Johann Eugen Blaschke 13 September 1885 17 March 1962 was an Austrian mathematician working in the fields of differential and integral geometry Wilhelm BlaschkeBorn 1885 09 13 13 September 1885GrazDied17 March 1962 1962 03 17 aged 76 HamburgNationalityAustrianAlma materUniversity of ViennaKnown forBlaschke productBlaschke selection theoremBlaschke Santalo inequalityScientific careerFieldsMathematicsInstitutionsUniversity of HamburgDoctoral advisorWilhelm WirtingerDoctoral studentsShiing Shen ChernLuis SantaloEmanuel SpernerGerhard ThomsenOther notable studentsAlberto Dou Mas de Xaxas Contents 1 Education and career 2 Publications 3 Namesake 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksEducation and career editBlaschke was the son of mathematician Josef Blaschke who taught geometry at the Landes Oberrealschule in Graz After studying for two years at the Technische Hochschule in Graz he went to the University of Vienna and completed a doctorate in 1908 under the supervision of Wilhelm Wirtinger 1 His dissertation was Uber eine besondere Art von Kurven vierter Klasse 2 After completing his doctorate he spent several years visiting mathematicians at the major universities in Italy and Germany He spent two years each in positions in Prague Leipzig Gottingen and Tubingen until in 1919 he took the professorship at the University of Hamburg that he would keep for the rest of his career 1 His students at Hamburg included Shiing Shen Chern Luis Santalo and Emanuel Sperner 2 In 1933 Blaschke signed the Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State 3 4 However he defended Kurt Reidemeister against the Nazis and in the early 1930s campaigned against Ludwig Bieberbach for leadership of the German Mathematical Society arguing that the society should remain international and apolitical in opposition to Bieberbach s wish to enforce Nazi policies on German mathematics and race However by 1936 he was supporting Nazi policies called himself a Nazi at Heart and was described by colleagues as Mussolinetto for his fascist beliefs 1 He officially joined the Nazi Party in 1937 3 After the war Blaschke was removed from his position at the University of Hamburg for his Nazi affiliation but after an appeal his professorship was restored in 1946 1 He remained at the university until his retirement in 1953 1 Publications editIn 1916 Blaschke published one of the first books devoted to convex sets Circle and Sphere Kreis und Kugel Drawing on dozens of sources Blaschke made a thorough review of the subject with citations within the text to attribute credit in a classical area of mathematics Kreis und Kugel Leipzig Veit 1916 5 3rd edn Berlin de Gruyter 1956 Vorlesungen uber Differentialgeometrie 3 vols Springer Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften 1921 1929 vol 1 Elementare Differentialgeometrie 6 vol 2 Affine Differentialgeometrie vol 3 Differentialgeometrie der Kreise und Kugeln 1929 with G Bol Geometrie der Gewebe Berlin Springer 1938 7 Ebene Kinematik Leipzig B G Teubner 1938 8 2nd expanded edn with Hans Robert Muller Oldenbourg Munchen 1956 Nicht Euklidische Geometrie und Mechanik I II III Leipzig B G Teubner 1942 Zur Bewegungsgeometrie auf der Kugel In Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften 1948 Einfuhrung in die Differentialgeometrie Springer 1950 9 2nd expanded edn with H Reichardt 1960 with Kurt Leichtweiss Elementare Differentialgeometrie Berlin Springer 5th edn 1973 Reden und Reisen eines Geometers Berlin VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften 1961 2nd expanded edn Mathematik und Leben Wiesbaden Steiner 1951 Griechische und anschauliche Geometrie Oldenbourg 1953 Projektive Geometrie 3rd edn Birkhauser 1954 Analytische Geometrie 2nd edn Birkhauser 1954 Einfuhrung in die Geometrie der Waben Birkhauser 1955 10 Vorlesungen uber Integralgeometrie VEB Berlin 1955 Reden und Reisen eines Geometers 1957 Kinematik und Quaternionen Berlin VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften 1960 Gesammelte Werke Thales Verlag Essen 1982 vol 1 ISBN 3889082017 11 1985 vol 2 ISBN 3889082025 1985 vol 3 ISBN 3889082033Namesake editA number of mathematical theorems and concepts is associated with the name of Blaschke Blaschke selection theorem Blaschke Lebesgue theorem Blaschke product Blaschke sum Blaschke condition Blaschke Busemann measure Blaschke Santalo inequality Blaschke conjecture The only Wiedersehen manifolds in any dimension are the standard Euclidean spheres See also editAffine differential geometry Affine geometry of curves Body of constant brightness Web differential geometry Pestov Ionin theoremReferences edit a b c d e O Connor John J Robertson Edmund F Wilhelm Blaschke MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive University of St Andrews a b Wilhelm Blaschke at the Mathematics Genealogy Project a b Heinrich Behnke 1898 1979 zwischen Mathematik und deren Didaktik Uta Hartmann 2009 ISBN 9783631588604 Ernst Klee Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich Wer war was vor und nach 1945 Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag Zweite aktualisierte Auflage Frankfurt am Main 2005 S 52 Gross Wilhelm 1917 Kreis und Kugel von Dr Wilhelm Blaschke Veit amp Comp Leipzig 1916 169 S 650 Mark Monatshefte fur Mathematik und Physik 28 A4 doi 10 1007 BF01698249 Bliss G A 1923 Blaschke on Differential Geometry Bull Amer Math Soc 29 7 322 325 doi 10 1090 S0002 9904 1923 03737 3 Walker R J 1939 Review W Blaschke and G Bol Geometrie der Gewebe Bull Amer Math Soc 45 9 652 653 doi 10 1090 s0002 9904 1939 07052 3 Synge J L 1939 Review W Blaschke Eben Kinematik Bull Amer Math Soc 45 11 814 815 doi 10 1090 s0002 9904 1939 07071 7 Allendoerfer Carl B 1951 Review W Blaschke Einfuhrung in die Differentialgeometrie Bull Amer Math Soc 57 1 Part 1 84 85 doi 10 1090 s0002 9904 1951 09454 9 Hsiung C C 1957 Review W Blaschke Einfuhrung in die Geometrie der Waben Bull Amer Math Soc 63 3 203 204 doi 10 1090 s0002 9904 1957 10104 9 Willmore Tom October 1984 review of Gesammelte Werke Band I by Wilhelm Blaschke edited by W Burau S S Chern et al Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 27 3 347 349 doi 10 1017 S0013091500022549 External links editNewspaper clippings about Wilhelm Blaschke in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wilhelm Blaschke amp oldid 1199171149, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
