Water pinch analysis (WPA) originates from the concept of heat pinch analysis. WPA is a systematic technique for reducing water consumption and wastewater generation through integration of water-using activities or processes. WPA was first introduced by Wang and Smith.[1] Since then, it has been widely used as a tool for water conservation in industrial process plants. Water pinch analysis has recently been applied for urban/domestic buildings.[2] It was extended in 1998 by Nick Hallale at the University of Cape Town, who developed it as a special case of mass exchange networks for capital cost targeting.
Techniques for setting targets for maximum water recovery capable of handling any type of water-using operation including mass-transfer-based and non-mass-transfer based systems include the source and sink composite curves[3] and water cascade analysis (WCA).[4] The source and sink composite curves is a graphical tool for setting water recovery targets as well as for design of water recovery networks.[5]
A 2018 study found by water pinch and water footprint analysis that for bricks with typical materials of clay and shale, the water consumption footprint was 2.02 L of water per brick.[6]
^Wang, Y.P.; Smith, R. (April 1994). "Wastewater minimisation". Chemical Engineering Science. 49 (7): 981–1006. doi:10.1016/0009-2509(94)80006-5. ISSN 0009-2509.
^Manan, Z.A.; Wan Alwi, S.R.; Ujang, Z. (June 2006). "Water pinch analysis for an urban system: a case study on the Sultan Ismail Mosque at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)". Desalination. 194 (1–3): 52–68. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2005.11.003. ISSN 0011-9164.
^Hallale, N (September 2002). "A new graphical targeting method for water minimisation". Advances in Environmental Research. 6 (3): 377–390. doi:10.1016/s1093-0191(01)00116-2. ISSN 1093-0191.
^Manan, Zainuddin Abdul; Tan, Yin Ling; Foo, Dominic Chwan Yee (2004-11-09). "Targeting the minimum water flow rate using water cascade analysis technique". AIChE Journal. 50 (12): 3169–3183. doi:10.1002/aic.10235. ISSN 0001-1541.
^Wan Alwi, Sharifah R.; Manan, Zainuddin A. (2008-04-01). "Generic Graphical Technique for Simultaneous Targeting and Design of Water Networks". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 47 (8): 2762–2777. doi:10.1021/ie071487o. ISSN 0888-5885.
^Skouteris, George; Ouki, Sabèha; Foo, Dominic; Saroj, Devendra; Altini, Maria; Melidis, Paraschos; Cowley, Brian; Ells, Geoff; Palmer, Stephanie; O'Dell, Sean (2018-01-20). "Water footprint and water pinch analysis techniques for sustainable water management in the brick-manufacturing industry". Journal of Cleaner Production. 172: 786–794. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.213. ISSN 0959-6526.
5. Hallale, Nick. (2002). A New Graphical Targeting Method for Water Minimisation. Advances in Environmental Research. 6(3): 377–390
January 01, 1970
water, pinch, analysis, originates, from, concept, heat, pinch, analysis, systematic, technique, reducing, water, consumption, wastewater, generation, through, integration, water, using, activities, processes, first, introduced, wang, smith, since, then, been,. Water pinch analysis WPA originates from the concept of heat pinch analysis WPA is a systematic technique for reducing water consumption and wastewater generation through integration of water using activities or processes WPA was first introduced by Wang and Smith 1 Since then it has been widely used as a tool for water conservation in industrial process plants Water pinch analysis has recently been applied for urban domestic buildings 2 It was extended in 1998 by Nick Hallale at the University of Cape Town who developed it as a special case of mass exchange networks for capital cost targeting Techniques for setting targets for maximum water recovery capable of handling any type of water using operation including mass transfer based and non mass transfer based systems include the source and sink composite curves 3 and water cascade analysis WCA 4 The source and sink composite curves is a graphical tool for setting water recovery targets as well as for design of water recovery networks 5 A 2018 study found by water pinch and water footprint analysis that for bricks with typical materials of clay and shale the water consumption footprint was 2 02 L of water per brick 6 See also edit nbsp Water portal Hydrogen pinch Reclaimed waterReferences edit Wang Y P Smith R April 1994 Wastewater minimisation Chemical Engineering Science 49 7 981 1006 doi 10 1016 0009 2509 94 80006 5 ISSN 0009 2509 Manan Z A Wan Alwi S R Ujang Z June 2006 Water pinch analysis for an urban system a case study on the Sultan Ismail Mosque at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Desalination 194 1 3 52 68 doi 10 1016 j desal 2005 11 003 ISSN 0011 9164 Hallale N September 2002 A new graphical targeting method for water minimisation Advances in Environmental Research 6 3 377 390 doi 10 1016 s1093 0191 01 00116 2 ISSN 1093 0191 Manan Zainuddin Abdul Tan Yin Ling Foo Dominic Chwan Yee 2004 11 09 Targeting the minimum water flow rate using water cascade analysis technique AIChE Journal 50 12 3169 3183 doi 10 1002 aic 10235 ISSN 0001 1541 Wan Alwi Sharifah R Manan Zainuddin A 2008 04 01 Generic Graphical Technique for Simultaneous Targeting and Design of Water Networks Industrial amp Engineering Chemistry Research 47 8 2762 2777 doi 10 1021 ie071487o ISSN 0888 5885 Skouteris George Ouki Sabeha Foo Dominic Saroj Devendra Altini Maria Melidis Paraschos Cowley Brian Ells Geoff Palmer Stephanie O Dell Sean 2018 01 20 Water footprint and water pinch analysis techniques for sustainable water management in the brick manufacturing industry Journal of Cleaner Production 172 786 794 doi 10 1016 j jclepro 2017 10 213 ISSN 0959 6526 5 Hallale Nick 2002 A New Graphical Targeting Method for Water Minimisation Advances in Environmental Research 6 3 377 390 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Water pinch analysis amp oldid 1189343439, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
