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Ward Islands (South Australia)

April 28, 2024

This article is about the island group in South Australia. For the island group in Antarctica, see Ward Islands.

Ward Islands is an island group in the Australian state of South Australia located in the Investigator Group about 53 kilometres (33 miles) west by south of Cape Finniss on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula. The group was discovered and named by Matthew Flinders on 13 February 1802. The island group has enjoyed protected area status since the 1960s and since 2011, it been part of the Investigator Group Wilderness Protection Area.

Ward Islands
Ward Islands
Geography
LocationGreat Australian Bight
Coordinates33°44′38″S 134°17′11″E / 33.74398°S 134.28627°E / -33.74398; 134.28627
Highest elevation49 m (161 ft)
Administration
Australia
Demographics
Population0

Description edit

Ward Islands is an island group located about 53 kilometres (33 miles) west by south of Cape Finniss on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula in South Australia, about 57 kilometres (35 miles) west by south of the town of Elliston and about 15 kilometres (8 nmi) west north-west of the south west point of Flinders Island.[1][2][3]

The group consist of two islands: Ward Island (also known as the NE islet) and South Ward Island (also known as the SE Islet).[3][4][5]

Ward Island covers an area of 20 hectares (49 acres). It rises above sea level with a coastline consisting of cliffs and scree slopes, all described as being ‘steep’, to a summit at 49 metres (161 feet) which has a relatively flat profile and ‘which carries a crust of soil and a few diminutive sand dunes’.[3][4]

South Ward Island is described as ‘a hump of rock and soil’ which reaches a height of 28 metres (92 feet) above sea level and which is located about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 miles) to the south-east of Ward Island.[4]

Access to Ward Island (and presumably to South Ward Island) is reported as being ‘complicated by the swell and the rocky coast’ to the extent that in one instance, ‘no safe boat landing sites could be found’. As a result, a survey carried out in 1980 used a helicopter to land survey personnel on Ward Island.[6]

Formation, geology and oceanography edit

The Ward Islands were formed about 9450 years ago following the rise of sea levels at the start of the Holocene.[7]

Geologically, Ward Island is the remnant of a small hill with a volcanic plug core which had solidified to granite more than 1500 Ma ago and whose summit was buried under sand that consolidated to calcarenite, and that has been extensively eroded by wave action since the commencement of sea level rise.[2][4]

The Ward Islands are part of a submerged reef system which includes a number of ‘sunken rocks, and three detached reefs, on which the sea generally breaks’ and which extends from Ward Island to the west of for about 4 kilometres (2.5 miles) and to the south for about 3 kilometres (1.9 miles). A depth of 50 metres (160 feet) is reached within 1.2 kilometres (0.75 miles) of the west of Ward Island.[1][3]

Flora and fauna edit

Flora edit

Terrestrial flora on the island group was found in 1980 to be represented by 12 species present as a ‘low, salt and wind-pruned heath’ and dominated by the following three species. Marsh saltbush is common on Ward Island in ‘deepest patches of the sandy loam soil’ followed by Nitre bush which favours ‘limey calcareous soils’ and pointed twinleaf which favours ‘the orange, decomposed sandstone soils’. South Ward Island is vegetated with marsh saltbush as are a number of large rocks which are permanently exposed above low water.[4][8]

Fauna edit

Vertebrate animals observed on the island group include Australian sea lions and New Zealand fur seals and the following bird species: short tailed shearwater, white faced storm petrel, osprey, white-bellied sea-eagle, Richard’s pipit, sooty oystercatcher, silver gull, Pacific gull and rock parrot.[4][9][10]

History edit

European discovery and use edit

Flinders discovered the island group on Saturday, 13 February 1802, and reportedly named it after his mother’s maiden name. On the same day, Flinders also nominated it as one of the constituent parts of the Investigator Group.[2][11]

Protected areas status edit

Further information: Investigator Group Wilderness Protection Area

The Ward Islands first received protected area status as part of a fauna reserve declared under the Fauna Conservation Act 1964 either on 1 September 1966 or 16 March 1967. The island group and other adjoining islands became part of the Investigator Group Conservation Park proclaimed under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 in 1972. On 25 August 2011, it was one of the island groups excised from the Investigator Group Conservation Park and added to the Investigator Group Wilderness Protection Area. Since 2012, the waters adjoining the Ward Islands have been part of a habitat protection zone in the Investigator Marine Park.[5][12][13][14]

See also edit

Citations and references edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b DMH, 1985, chart 38
  2. ^ a b c Robinson et al, 1996, page 194
  3. ^ a b c d Sailing Directions (Enroute), Pub. 175: North, West, and South Coasts of Australia (PDF). Sailing Directions. United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2017. p. 179.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Robinson et al, 1996, page 195
  5. ^ a b DEWNR, 2012, page 26 of 26
  6. ^ Robinson et al, 1996, page 382
  7. ^ Robinson et al, 1996, Page 11
  8. ^ Robinson, 1996, pages 479- 480
  9. ^ DEH, 2006, page 64
  10. ^ DEH, 2006, pages 65, 68 & 69
  11. ^ Flinders, 1814 (1966), pages 221
  12. ^ DEH, 2006, pages 5-6
  13. ^ Robinson et al, 1996, pages 140-144
  14. ^ WAC, 2013, pages 16-17

References edit

  • South Australia. Department of Marine and Harbors (DMH) (1985), The Waters of South Australia a series of charts, sailing notes and coastal photographs, Dept. of Marine and Harbors, South Australia, ISBN 978-0-7243-7603-2
  • Anon (2006). Island Parks of Western Eyre Peninsula Management Plan (PDF). Adelaide: Department for Environment and Heritage (DEH), South Australia. ISBN 1-921238-18-6.
  • "Wilderness Advisory Committee Annual Report 2012-13 (WAC)" (PDF). Annual Report. Department for Environment Water and Natural Resources: 16–17. September 2013. ISSN 1832-9357. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  • A.C., Robinson; Canty, P.; Mooney, T.; Rudduck, P. (1996). South Australia's offshore islands (PDF). Canberra: Australian Heritage Commission. ISBN 0-644350-11-3.
  • Flinders, Matthew (1966) [1814]. A Voyage to Terra Australis : undertaken for the purpose of completing the discovery of that vast country, and prosecuted in the years 1801, 1802, and 1803 in His Majesty's ship the Investigator, and subsequently in the armed vessel Porpoise and Cumberland Schooner; with an account of the shipwreck of the Porpoise, arrival of the Cumberland at Mauritius, and imprisonment of the commander during six years and a half in that island (Facsimile ed.). Adelaide: Libraries Board of South Australia. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  • Investigator Marine Park Management Plan 2012 (PDF). Adelaide: Department for Environment Water and Natural Resources (DEWNR). 2012.

April 28, 2024
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This article is about the island group in South Australia For the island group in Antarctica see Ward Islands Ward Islands is an island group in the Australian state of South Australia located in the Investigator Group about 53 kilometres 33 miles west by south of Cape Finniss on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula The group was discovered and named by Matthew Flinders on 13 February 1802 The island group has enjoyed protected area status since the 1960s and since 2011 it been part of the Investigator Group Wilderness Protection Area Ward IslandsWard IslandsGeographyLocationGreat Australian BightCoordinates33 44 38 S 134 17 11 E 33 74398 S 134 28627 E 33 74398 134 28627Highest elevation49 m 161 ft AdministrationAustraliaDemographicsPopulation0 Contents 1 Description 2 Formation geology and oceanography 3 Flora and fauna 3 1 Flora 3 2 Fauna 4 History 4 1 European discovery and use 5 Protected areas status 6 See also 7 Citations and references 7 1 Citations 7 2 ReferencesDescription editWard Islands is an island group located about 53 kilometres 33 miles west by south of Cape Finniss on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula in South Australia about 57 kilometres 35 miles west by south of the town of Elliston and about 15 kilometres 8 nmi west north west of the south west point of Flinders Island 1 2 3 The group consist of two islands Ward Island also known as the NE islet and South Ward Island also known as the SE Islet 3 4 5 Ward Island covers an area of 20 hectares 49 acres It rises above sea level with a coastline consisting of cliffs and scree slopes all described as being steep to a summit at 49 metres 161 feet which has a relatively flat profile and which carries a crust of soil and a few diminutive sand dunes 3 4 South Ward Island is described as a hump of rock and soil which reaches a height of 28 metres 92 feet above sea level and which is located about 2 5 kilometres 1 6 miles to the south east of Ward Island 4 Access to Ward Island and presumably to South Ward Island is reported as being complicated by the swell and the rocky coast to the extent that in one instance no safe boat landing sites could be found As a result a survey carried out in 1980 used a helicopter to land survey personnel on Ward Island 6 Formation geology and oceanography editThe Ward Islands were formed about 9450 years ago following the rise of sea levels at the start of the Holocene 7 Geologically Ward Island is the remnant of a small hill with a volcanic plug core which had solidified to granite more than 1500 Ma ago and whose summit was buried under sand that consolidated to calcarenite and that has been extensively eroded by wave action since the commencement of sea level rise 2 4 The Ward Islands are part of a submerged reef system which includes a number of sunken rocks and three detached reefs on which the sea generally breaks and which extends from Ward Island to the west of for about 4 kilometres 2 5 miles and to the south for about 3 kilometres 1 9 miles A depth of 50 metres 160 feet is reached within 1 2 kilometres 0 75 miles of the west of Ward Island 1 3 Flora and fauna editFlora edit Terrestrial flora on the island group was found in 1980 to be represented by 12 species present as a low salt and wind pruned heath and dominated by the following three species Marsh saltbush is common on Ward Island in deepest patches of the sandy loam soil followed by Nitre bush which favours limey calcareous soils and pointed twinleaf which favours the orange decomposed sandstone soils South Ward Island is vegetated with marsh saltbush as are a number of large rocks which are permanently exposed above low water 4 8 Fauna edit Vertebrate animals observed on the island group include Australian sea lions and New Zealand fur seals and the following bird species short tailed shearwater white faced storm petrel osprey white bellied sea eagle Richard s pipit sooty oystercatcher silver gull Pacific gull and rock parrot 4 9 10 History editEuropean discovery and use edit Flinders discovered the island group on Saturday 13 February 1802 and reportedly named it after his mother s maiden name On the same day Flinders also nominated it as one of the constituent parts of the Investigator Group 2 11 Protected areas status editFurther information Investigator Group Wilderness Protection Area The Ward Islands first received protected area status as part of a fauna reserve declared under the Fauna Conservation Act 1964 either on 1 September 1966 or 16 March 1967 The island group and other adjoining islands became part of the Investigator Group Conservation Park proclaimed under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 in 1972 On 25 August 2011 it was one of the island groups excised from the Investigator Group Conservation Park and added to the Investigator Group Wilderness Protection Area Since 2012 the waters adjoining the Ward Islands have been part of a habitat protection zone in the Investigator Marine Park 5 12 13 14 See also editList of islands of Australia Investigator Islands Important Bird AreaCitations and references editCitations edit a b DMH 1985 chart 38 a b c Robinson et al 1996 page 194 a b c d Sailing Directions Enroute Pub 175 North West and South Coasts of Australia PDF Sailing Directions United States National Geospatial Intelligence Agency 2017 p 179 a b c d e f Robinson et al 1996 page 195 a b DEWNR 2012 page 26 of 26 Robinson et al 1996 page 382 Robinson et al 1996 Page 11 Robinson 1996 pages 479 480 DEH 2006 page 64 DEH 2006 pages 65 68 amp 69 Flinders 1814 1966 pages 221 DEH 2006 pages 5 6 Robinson et al 1996 pages 140 144 WAC 2013 pages 16 17 References edit South Australia Department of Marine and Harbors DMH 1985 The Waters of South Australia a series of charts sailing notes and coastal photographs Dept of Marine and Harbors South Australia ISBN 978 0 7243 7603 2 Anon 2006 Island Parks of Western Eyre Peninsula Management Plan PDF Adelaide Department for Environment and Heritage DEH South Australia ISBN 1 921238 18 6 Wilderness Advisory Committee Annual Report 2012 13 WAC PDF Annual Report Department for Environment Water and Natural Resources 16 17 September 2013 ISSN 1832 9357 Retrieved 17 March 2014 A C Robinson Canty P Mooney T Rudduck P 1996 South Australia s offshore islands PDF Canberra Australian Heritage Commission ISBN 0 644350 11 3 Flinders Matthew 1966 1814 A Voyage to Terra Australis undertaken for the purpose of completing the discovery of that vast country and prosecuted in the years 1801 1802 and 1803 in His Majesty s ship the Investigator and subsequently in the armed vessel Porpoise and Cumberland Schooner with an account of the shipwreck of the Porpoise arrival of the Cumberland at Mauritius and imprisonment of the commander during six years and a half in that island Facsimile ed Adelaide Libraries Board of South Australia Retrieved 5 January 2014 Investigator Marine Park Management Plan 2012 PDF Adelaide Department for Environment Water and Natural Resources DEWNR 2012 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ward Islands South Australia amp oldid 1100267190, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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