Walter Christaller (April 21, 1893 – March 9, 1969), was a German geographer whose principal contribution to the discipline is central place theory,[1] first published in 1933. This groundbreaking theory was the foundation of the study of cities as systems of cities, rather than simple hierarchies or single entities. He was primarily concerned with the urban space and worked on the role of towns as geographic-economic units, besides analyzing the relationships between towns of the same region.[2]
Before 1914, Christaller began studies in philosophy and political economics and subsequently served in the German Army during World War I. He was homeschooled and educated at the Universities of Heidelberg and Munich. In the 1920s, he pursued a variety of occupations. In 1929, he resumed graduate studies, which led to his famous dissertation on Central Place Theory, which he published as the Die zentralen Orte in Süddeutschland (The Central Places in Southern Germany), in 1933.[3]
In the late 1930s, he held a short-lived academic appointment at the University of Freiburg-in-Breisgau. Whether Christaller was a member of the Nazi Party is disputed.[5][6] He moved into government service, for Himmler's SS-Planning and Soil Office, during the Second World War. Christaller's task was to draw up plans for reconfiguring the economic geography of Germany's eastern conquests (Generalplan Ost), primarily in Czechoslovakia and Poland but also, if successful, Russia itself. Christaller was given special charge of planning occupied Poland, and he did so by using his central place theory as an explicit guide.[7] His work was extended by fellow German August Lösch.[5]
After the war, he joined the Communist Party of Germany and became politically active. In addition, he devoted himself to the geography of tourism. Since 1950, his Central Place Theory has been used to restructure municipal relationships and boundaries in the Federal Republic of Germany, and the system is still in place today.
In 1950, Christaller, together with Paul Gauss and Emil Meynen, founded the German Association of Applied Geography (DVAG).[8] The Walter Christaller Award for Applied Geography is named after him.[3]
^Christaller, Walter (1933). Die zentralen Orte in Süddeutschland. Jena: Gustav Fischer. OCLC 3318206.
^Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 82.
^ abc"Walter Christaller". NNDB. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
^Grunsky F. Nachruf auf Erdmann Gottreich Christaller, 1922.
^ abWest, Geoffrey B. (2017). Scale : The Universal Laws of Growth, Innovation, Sustainability, and the Pace of Life in Organisms, Cities, Economies, and Companies. New York. p. 290. ISBN978-1-59420-558-3. OCLC 973480868.
^Bunge W (1977) “Walter Christaller was not a Fascist”, Ontario Geography, p.80 sqq. ; Hottes R (1982) “W Christaller : ein Überblick über Leben und Werk.” Geographisches Taschenbuch, Wiesbaden pp 59-69.
^Rössler, Mechtild (1989): Applied geography and area research in Nazi society: central place theory and planning, 1933-1945. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 7, 419-431; Trevor Barnes & Claudio Minca (2013), Nazi Spatial Theory: The Dark Geographies of Carl Schmitt and Walter Christaller. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 103 (3), 669–687. ; - Fahlbusch, M, M Rössler und D Siegrist (1989) “Geographie und Nazionalsozialismus”, Urbs et Regio, 51, kasseler Schriften zur Geographie u. Plannung. ; - Marchand B (1999) “Nazionalsozialismus und Grossstadtfeindschaft”, Die Alte Stadt, 1/99, S39-50. ; - Müller R-D (1991)Hitlers Ostkrieg und die deutsche Siedlungspolitik, Fischer Vlg, Frankfurt am Main. ; - Wasser B (1993) Himmlers Raumplanung im Osten, Der Generalplan Ost in Polen, Birkhaüser Verlag, Basel, Schweiz, 347 S.
^Wardenga, Ute / Henniges, Norman / Brogiato, Heinz Peter und Schelhaas, Bruno: Der Verband deutscher Berufsgeographen. Eine sozialgeschichtliche Studie zur Frühphase des DVAG. (= forum ifl 16), Leipzig 2011.
walter, christaller, april, 1893, march, 1969, german, geographer, whose, principal, contribution, discipline, central, place, theory, first, published, 1933, this, groundbreaking, theory, foundation, study, cities, systems, cities, rather, than, simple, hiera. Walter Christaller April 21 1893 March 9 1969 was a German geographer whose principal contribution to the discipline is central place theory 1 first published in 1933 This groundbreaking theory was the foundation of the study of cities as systems of cities rather than simple hierarchies or single entities He was primarily concerned with the urban space and worked on the role of towns as geographic economic units besides analyzing the relationships between towns of the same region 2 Walter ChristallerSketch of Walter ChristallerBorn 1893 04 21 April 21 1893Berneck WurttembergDiedMarch 9 1969 1969 03 09 aged 75 Konigstein im Taunus HesseNationalityGermanKnown forCentral place theoryScientific careerFieldsGeographyDoctoral advisorRobert Gradmann de Life EditWalter Christaller was born to Erdmann Gottreich and Helene Christaller an author of Christian themed children s novels at Berneck today part of Altensteig in Germany His paternal grandfather Johann Gottlieb Christaller was a linguist and a Christian missionary in West Africa 3 4 Before 1914 Christaller began studies in philosophy and political economics and subsequently served in the German Army during World War I He was homeschooled and educated at the Universities of Heidelberg and Munich In the 1920s he pursued a variety of occupations In 1929 he resumed graduate studies which led to his famous dissertation on Central Place Theory which he published as the Die zentralen Orte in Suddeutschland The Central Places in Southern Germany in 1933 3 In the late 1930s he held a short lived academic appointment at the University of Freiburg in Breisgau Whether Christaller was a member of the Nazi Party is disputed 5 6 He moved into government service for Himmler s SS Planning and Soil Office during the Second World War Christaller s task was to draw up plans for reconfiguring the economic geography of Germany s eastern conquests Generalplan Ost primarily in Czechoslovakia and Poland but also if successful Russia itself Christaller was given special charge of planning occupied Poland and he did so by using his central place theory as an explicit guide 7 His work was extended by fellow German August Losch 5 After the war he joined the Communist Party of Germany and became politically active In addition he devoted himself to the geography of tourism Since 1950 his Central Place Theory has been used to restructure municipal relationships and boundaries in the Federal Republic of Germany and the system is still in place today In 1950 Christaller together with Paul Gauss and Emil Meynen founded the German Association of Applied Geography DVAG 8 The Walter Christaller Award for Applied Geography is named after him 3 He died in Konigstein im Taunus West Germany on March 9 1969 9 See also EditList of geographersReferences Edit Christaller Walter 1933 Die zentralen Orte in Suddeutschland Jena Gustav Fischer OCLC 3318206 Caves R W 2004 Encyclopedia of the City Routledge p 82 a b c Walter Christaller NNDB Retrieved 21 August 2012 Grunsky F Nachruf auf Erdmann Gottreich Christaller 1922 a b West Geoffrey B 2017 Scale The Universal Laws of Growth Innovation Sustainability and the Pace of Life in Organisms Cities Economies and Companies New York p 290 ISBN 978 1 59420 558 3 OCLC 973480868 Bunge W 1977 Walter Christaller was not a Fascist Ontario Geography p 80 sqq Hottes R 1982 W Christaller ein Uberblick uber Leben und Werk Geographisches Taschenbuch Wiesbaden pp 59 69 Rossler Mechtild 1989 Applied geography and area research in Nazi society central place theory and planning 1933 1945 Environment and Planning D Society and Space 7 419 431 Trevor Barnes amp Claudio Minca 2013 Nazi Spatial Theory The Dark Geographies of Carl Schmitt and Walter Christaller Annals of the Association of American Geographers 103 3 669 687 Fahlbusch M M Rossler und D Siegrist 1989 Geographie und Nazionalsozialismus Urbs et Regio 51 kasseler Schriften zur Geographie u Plannung Marchand B 1999 Nazionalsozialismus und Grossstadtfeindschaft Die Alte Stadt 1 99 S39 50 Muller R D 1991 Hitlers Ostkrieg und die deutsche Siedlungspolitik Fischer Vlg Frankfurt am Main Wasser B 1993 Himmlers Raumplanung im Osten Der Generalplan Ost in Polen Birkhauser Verlag Basel Schweiz 347 S Wardenga Ute Henniges Norman Brogiato Heinz Peter und Schelhaas Bruno Der Verband deutscher Berufsgeographen Eine sozialgeschichtliche Studie zur Fruhphase des DVAG forum ifl 16 Leipzig 2011 https leibniz ifl de fileadmin user upload Bibliothek Archiv Archiv Findb c3 bccher PDF Christaller pdf bare URL PDF Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Walter Christaller amp oldid 1095714759, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
