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Wikipedia

WW International

April 20, 2023

This article is about the company. For the diet, see Weight Watchers (diet).

WW International, Inc., formerly Weight Watchers International, Inc., is a global company headquartered in the U.S. that offers weight loss and maintenance, fitness, and mindset services such as the Weight Watchers comprehensive diet program.[3] Founded in 1963 by Queens, New York City homemaker Jean Nidetch, WW's program has three options as of 2019: online via its mobile app and website, coaching online or by phone, or in-person meetings.[3]

WW International, Inc.
FormerlyWeight Watchers (1963–2018)
TypePublic
FoundedMay 15, 1963; 59 years ago (1963-05-15)
Queens, New York, U.S.
Headquarters675 Avenue of the Americas, 6th Floor New York, NY 10010
Key people
Sima Sistani, President & CEO
ProductsWeight loss, Packaged foods, Exercise products
Revenue $1.5 billion (2018)[1]
$267.305 million (2017)[2]
$163.514 million (2017)[2]
Total assets 1.246 billion (2017)[2]
Total equity -1.015 billion (2017)[2]
Number of employees
18,000 (as of 2017)[2]
Websiteweightwatchers.com

In 2018, the company rebranded to "WW" to reflect "its development from focusing on weight loss to overall health and wellness."[4][5]

Company history

Inception

Weight Watchers was conceived by Jean Nidetch, a housewife and mother living in Queens, New York City, who had been overweight most of her life and had tried pills, hypnosis, and numerous fad diets, all of which only led to regained weight.[6] In 1961, at the age of 38, she weighed 214 pounds and an acquaintance mistook her for being pregnant. She entered a free 10-week weight-loss program sponsored by the New York City Board of Health's obesity clinic.[7][8] The program was called the "Prudent Diet" and had been developed in the 1950s by Dr. Norman Jolliffe, head of the board's Bureau of Nutrition.[9][10][11][12][13] The plan included the dictums "No skipping meals. Fish five times a week. Two pieces of bread and two glasses of skim milk a day. More fruits and vegetables."[14] and eating liver once a week.[15] It prohibited alcohol, sweets, and fatty foods,[6] included a list of allowed foods and the quantities allowed,[16] and encouraged weighing portions.[17]

Although Nidetch lost 20 pounds on the ten-week program,[7] she did not like the way the clinic's leader imparted information at the weekly meetings. Discussion was discouraged;[18][19][15] in addition, Nidetch's motivation was threatened by her urge to binge on Mallomar cookies.[6][20][11][21] She therefore began a weekly support group in her apartment, initially inviting six overweight friends,[22][6][23] which within two months grew to 40 women each week.[6] She introduced the "Prudent Diet", a single page from the New York City Board of Health,[24] to her fellow weight-loss seekers,[25][9] and the group provided empathy, rapport, mutual understanding, support, and sharing of stories and ideas.[26][17][9][15][22][6] The meetings also included a weekly weigh-in,[27] and Nidetch developed a rewards system including prizes for weight-loss milestones.[28] In October 1962, Nidetch achieved her target weight of 142 pounds, and maintained the weight loss; according to her she never exceeded 150 pounds thereafter.[22][6]

As interest grew, Nidetch coached groups in other neighborhoods.[27] One group was at the home of Al and Felice Lippert, and after the Lipperts successfully lost weight, Al, who was a businessman in the garment industry, talked Nidetch into making a business out of her endeavor.[29]

Launch, IPO, and sale to Heinz

Nidetch and the Lipperts launched Weight Watchers Inc. in Queens in 1963 with Nidetch as president and evangelist. They rented public meeting venues and charged participants $2 per weekly meeting;[30][31][29] the first official meeting, in May 1963, attracted 400 attendees.[32][33] Nidetch led groups and trained others to lead groups as well.[34]

Al Lippert, in charge of the business end of the company, franchised it in 1964, using a razor/razorblade model of an inexpensive franchise fee offered to graduates from the company's programs who had kept the weight off,[35][36] with 10% of gross earnings as royalties to the parent company.[29][37][27] By 1967, the company was international, with 102 franchises in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, Great Britain, and Israel.[14]

Felice Lippert was in charge of recipe development, nutrition, and food research; the first Weight Watchers cookbook, published in 1966, sold more than 1.5 million copies.[37][38] By January 1968, the company had more than one million members worldwide, and Weight Watchers Magazine was launched, publishing 300,000 copies of its first issue.[39][40]

By 1968, the company had 91 franchises in 43 states,[41] and to expand further overseas Al Lippert took the company public as Weight Watchers International Inc.; the initial 225,000 shares, offered at $11.25 a share, began trading enthusiastically, rising to over $30 by the end of the first day.[42][27][37] Lippert also initiated lines of Weight Watchers prepared food, spas, camps for overweight kids, and weight-loss products such as scales and travel kits.[43][42]

Nidetch, with her slim, well-dressed image, charisma, and flair for motivational speaking, remained the public face of the company.[44][45][23][38] In 1970 she published The Memoir of a Successful Loser: The Story of Weight Watchers, which documented the original Weight Watchers plan.[46] In 1973 she resigned as president of the company to devote herself to public relations – traveling, being interviewed, and speaking to large audiences about the program's success.[37][6][47]

In the mid 1970s, the company moved away from simply dieting and more toward "eating management", developing tailored options to meet the varying needs of its members, including a specialized food plan for the management of weight-loss plateaus, and a maintenance plan.[48][46][49]

By the late 1970s, the company and its operations and divisions had grown too large and complex for Lippert to manage, and it was sold, along with its food licensees, to the H. J. Heinz Company in 1978 for $72 million.[43][50] Lippert remained chairman and signed on to remain CEO for a few years,[43] and Nidetch remained in her role as consultant.[34] In the late 1980s, the company's three divisions – support-group meetings division, food line, and publications and media – were still increasingly profitable year-over-year.[37]

Private-equity acquisition and second IPO

In 1990, with competition from Jenny Craig, Slim-Fast, Healthy Choice, and Nutrisystem, earnings began to decline.[35][37] The Heinz parent company competed by introducing newly developed Weight Watchers "Smart Ones" frozen meals.[35][37] In 1997, to replace its previous system of counting and weighing food, Weight Watchers introduced the POINTS system, an algorithmic formula which quantifies a food portion for the purposes of healthy weight loss based on carbohydrates, fat, and fiber content.[51][52]

In 1999, Heinz, while retaining the rights to the Weight Watchers name for use in certain food categories,[53][35][2] sold the company to the private equity firm Artal Luxembourg, for $735 million in a leveraged buyout led by the Invus Group, which manages Artal and which is run by Raymond Debbane.[54][55] Artal put up $224 million and Weight Watchers financed the rest of the buyout with debt.[54] Debbane became chairman of Weight Watchers.[56][57] In 2001 Debbane organized an initial public offering for Weight Watchers and took it public again.[54] As of 2018, Artal remains the company's largest shareholder.[58][59][60]

In 2000, the new owners reacquired the license to publish Weight Watchers Magazine from Time Inc., where Heinz had offloaded it in 1996 and where it had performed poorly; circulation recovered quickly, and the magazine was redesigned in 2003.[37]

In 2001, the company launched WeightWatchers.com.[46] In 2007, it launched Weight Watchers Online for Men.[61][62][38] Competitor Nutrisystem, Inc. also had a men's line.[63]

In late 2010 Weight Watchers overhauled its POINTS system and replaced it with PointsPlus (ProPoints outside the U.S.);[64][65][66] under the new system, fruits and non-starchy vegetables were zero points, and processed foods had higher points than they did before.[67][68][69][70][71][72]

From 2012 to 2015, although it had its own app and e-tools since 2009,[73][74] the company faced stiff competition from free smartphone fitness apps, many of which included a social-media group-support system, and from wearable fitness monitors such as Fitbit.[75][74][76][77][78]

2014-18

In April of 2014, Tech Crunch leaked Weight Watchers was in talks to acquire virtual fitness training startup Wello.[79] Weight Watchers confirmed the acquisition the following month,[80] which spurred a series of acquisitions in the digital therapeutics space. One year later, in April and May of 2015, Weight Watchers also acquired 5 minute fitness app Hot 5[81] and the online community and "selfie startup" Weilos.[82] Features of Weilos would later be relaunched as Weight Watcher's Connect product, an online community in-app and on the web.[83]

In October 2015, Oprah Winfrey partnered with Weight Watchers.[84][85] Winfrey bought a 10% stake in the company, became its spokesperson, joined its board of directors, and lost weight on the program,[84] plus she helped launch a new holistic lifestyle and fitness program called "Beyond the Scale".[86][87][88][89][90][91] The late-2015 Oprah effect[92] did not prevent a subsequent downward trend in 2016, largely attributed to challenges from Nutrisystem and the proliferation of free apps and websites aimed at helping people manage their weight,[93][94][95] but linked also by some, to a faulty initial tech rollout of the new program's app.[96][97][98] CEO James Chambers resigned on September 30, 2016.[93] He was replaced as CEO in July 2017 by Mindy Grossman, who had played a role in growing digital sales revenue for HSN.[99][100]

In December 2017, the company introduced WW Freestyle (called WW Flex outside the U.S.),[101] which allows people to carry over unused "SmartPoints" through the week, and lists more than 200 zero-points foods, including various lean proteins, that do not need to be tracked.[102][103][104][105] In February 2018 CEO Grossman announced a new direction and purpose for the company: to move beyond mere dieting to being a "partner in health and wellness" and inspiring healthy habits for real life.[106][107][108] Subscriptions to Weight Watchers rebounded significantly by mid 2018,[109] credited to Winfrey's influence and to Grossman's tri-fold efforts of revamping the program, improving tech offerings, and giving the company a more broad-based appeal.[110][111][112][113][114][115]

In September 2018, the company re-branded itself WW International, Inc., as it shifted its focus more broadly to overall health and wellness, including fitness.[116][4] It adopted a new tagline, "Wellness that Works".[116] The company stopped requiring users to have a weight loss goal in order to join[117][118] and renamed its in-person meetings to Wellness Workshops.[119][120]

As part of the rebrand, WW introduced a new program, WellnessWins, that rewarded members for behaviors that encourage healthier habits, which were redeemable for products, services, and experiences.[121][122][120][123][124] The company also announced Connect, a digital community, which would include micro-community Groups.[121][125][120][126][127][123]

In August 2018, the company acquired Kurbo, Inc, rebranding the free mobile app directed at children and teenagers as Kurbo by WW.[128]

WW's app was configured to help people track health-related goals.[129][4] Its FitPoints system has been marketed as allowing individuals to choose activities which have the biggest impact on their health.[4] The updated WW app is also integrated with Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant.[126][123][122] The company has partnered with the meditation app Headspace to offer customized mindfulness content for members.[129][124][127][130][125][121]

Business model

Weight Watchers' business model is one of a subscription-based program of support,[131][132] plus a variety of purchasable products, media, services, and technologies. Its brand identity has been framed around Weight Watchers being a community,[133][134][135] and its website is intrinsic to its effectiveness.[133][132] Particularly in the 21st century, the company has increasingly marketed itself as a health and wellness brand rather than a weight-loss brand,[135][136][121] and its dietary plans emphasize fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and foods high in whole grains and low in trans fats.[137][3] Also in the 21st century, the company has increasingly tried to effectively and competitively balance its digital and offline offerings.[138][139] As of 2019, the program offered weight-loss support via the app and website, in-person workshops and personal coaching.[3]

Products and services

Weight Watchers' primary sources of income are subscriptions to the program.[2][123]

The company provides a weight-management program (myWW+) and a food plan (SmartPoints); customers can participate in the program via in-person group meetings and/or digitally, and are provided with individualized information, support, and coaching.[3][2]

It also receives income from Weight Watchers–branded services and products, which include publications such as Weight Watchers magazines, Weight Watchers cookbooks, and food guides and restaurant guides with points values.[2][140] It sells its own bars and snacks, and licenses the Weight Watchers trademark to a variety of prepared foods, beverages, and other products and services.[2][140]

Weight-loss plans and formats

The original Weight Watchers dietary plan in the 1960s was roughly based on the "Prudent Diet", developed by Dr. Norman Jolliffe at the New York City Board of Health.[141][142][52][9][143] It was based around lean meat, fish, skim milk, and fruits and vegetables, and it banned alcohol, sweets, and fatty foods.[6] It had lists of allowed and prohibited foods,[144][145] and was more structured than subsequent versions of the Weight Watchers program.[146] It recommended weighing food portions, and prohibited skipping meals or counting calories.[144][146]

The company has regularly changed and updated its diet plans and formats, to reflect current nutritional and obesity science and to accommodate consumer awareness and demand.[147]

  • In 1979 Weight Watchers introduced PepStep (or Personal Exercise Plan), a walking or stair-climbing exercise program to benefit members' weight loss, developed by a doctor specializing in exercise and cardiac rehabilitation.[148][149] With this additional element Weight Watchers became the one of the first weight-loss companies, along with the Pritikin program, to promote the importance of regular exercise.[149][150][151]
  • By 1980, the company expanded its dietary plan to allow for substitutions and more flexibility. It introduced three routines: a "full choice" plan with the most options; a "limited choice" plan with fewer options and less leeway; and a "no choice" plan with no substitutions and no options, which was the most calorie-restrictive and was to be followed for no more than two weeks.[146][152][153][154]
  • In 1984 the company added Quick Start, which was a more spartan, temporary eating plan designed to produce faster, motivation-boosting weight loss in the first few weeks of the program.[52][37][155] It was the company's first exchange-based diet, where foods within categories could be exchanged for each other.[146] This was expanded in 1986 to Quick Start Plus, with higher-fat options and Personal Choice options.[146][156]
  • In 1984 Weight Watchers also launched its At Work program, held for groups of 15 or more in office places, for people who were otherwise unable to attend community meetings.[157] The meetings are held either before work, during the lunch break, or after work,[158] and the fees are usually subsidized by the employer.[159]
  • In 1988, Weight Watchers launched the Quick Success program, a plan that was easier and more flexible, particularly for working women.[160][161][162][163] It also allowed for a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet, and increased the minimum daily vegetable intake from two to three.[146]
  • In 1997 Weight Watchers completely replaced its exchange-based diets with the POINTS system (also originally called 1-2-3 Success), a proprietary algorithmic formula which quantifies a food portion for the purposes of healthy weight loss based on carbohydrates, fat, and fiber content.[51][52][146]
  • In 2000 the company rolled out Winning Points, a more personalized version of the POINTS system, which encompassed self-observation, behavior modification, and fitness and activity, and which did not have any food exclusions.[158][164][165]
  • In 2004, Weight Watchers launched the Turn Around program,[146] which gave people two plans to choose from, and aimed to teach participants how to eat normal food, in sensible portions, and to increase their exercise.[166] The Flex Plan option allowed dieters to eat anything they wanted as long as they stayed within their points allowance; activity points could be earned by exercise.[167][168] The Core Plan option (later known as "Simply Filling") dispensed with points entirely and included a list of foods that could be eaten "until satisfied", and a list of foods to be avoided.[168][167]
  • In December 2008, Weight Watchers eliminated the Core Plan and introduced the Momentum Plan, designed to help members understand how consuming certain filling foods helped them to eat less and prevent overeating.[167][169][170][171]
  • In late 2010 Weight Watchers overhauled its POINTS system and replaced it with PointsPlus (ProPoints outside the U.S.);[64][65][66] under the new system, fruits and non-starchy vegetables are zero points, and processed foods have higher points than they did before.[67][68][69][70][71][72]
  • In December 2012 the company rolled out Weight Watchers 360, which did not change its PointsPlus plan but added behavioral modification and support, mindfulness, control of and planning for one's eating environment, and new apps, and also added an optional wearable fitness monitor to purchase called ActiveLink.[172][173][174][175]
  • In September 2014, Weight Watchers began syncing its apps with wearable fitness monitors such as Fitbit and Jawbone, so that the activity of members who own those devices is instantly uploaded and tracked and converted to points.[176][177][178]
  • In December 2014, Weight Watchers launched two new services: Personal Coaching and 24/7 Expert Chat.[179] Personal Coaching provides individuals with a Weight Watchers-certified coach who helps them develop an individualized weight management plan and is available via phone, text, and email for subsequent consultations.[179][180] 24/7 Expert Chat allows members all-hours access to Weight Watchers-certified coaches who can offer instant advice when users encounter weight-loss or dieting crises.[179][180]
  • In December 2015 the company rolled out a new holistic lifestyle and fitness program called "Beyond the Scale". The program uses SmartPoints, an updating of the points system which takes into consideration the nutritional value of a food, and helps steer people away from junk foods, sugar, and saturated fat.[86][91][90][181][146] That same month, the company launched Connect, a social-media platform via its app where members receive support from other members.[182][183][184][185]
  • In December 2017, Weight Watchers introduced WW Freestyle (called WW Flex outside the U.S.),[101] which allows people to carry over unused points through the week, and lists more than 200 zero-points foods, including various lean proteins, that do not need to be tracked.[102][103][104][105]
  • In November 2021, WW introduced a new program called PersonalPoints which now uses AI to adjust your points and zero-point food list based on individual preferences. In addition, extra points can now be earned for drinking at least 60 fl oz of water daily and for every cup of non-starchy vegetables.[186]

Reception

As of July 2018, Weight Watchers was the most widely used commercial diet in the world.[146][14] In addition to the U.S., as of 2018 it had operations in countries including Canada, the UK, Germany, Switzerland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, Australia, New Zealand, and Brazil.[2] Its main long-term competitors in the commercial weight-loss company genre are Jenny Craig and Nutrisystem.[187][14][188] Weight Watchers has been included in U.S. News & World Report's rankings for 40 most popular diets and has also been listed as No.1 for weight loss and best commercial diets.[3]

For Weight Watchers customers who choose to attend meetings, in addition to supplying information and lifestyle tips, meetings operate as support groups that provide empathy, rapport, and mutual understanding, as well as positive reinforcement.[26][35][189]

Some therapists have said that focusing on counting calories or points, as promoted by WW, can lead to a disordered relationship with food and hunger.[190][191] Previously the company's prepared foods had been criticized as containing preservatives and other additives;[192][193] as of late 2018 Weight Watchers has removed all artificial sweeteners, flavors, colors, and preservatives from products carrying the company's name, and dropped or reformulated most of the food products it once produced.[136][194][195][196]

In August 2019, WW released Kurbo by WW, a weight management and health app directed at children and teenagers. It has been criticized by some experts on nutrition and eating disorders for encouraging dieting in children as young as 8.[197] Christy Harrison, a registered dietician, wrote in the New York Times, "programs like this are fertile ground for disordered eating" and that efforts to lose weight "are especially troubling when imposed on children who aren't in a position to make their own choices and who haven't had the opportunity to develop a peaceful relationship with food and their bodies."[191] However, an article in the journal Childhood Obesity concluded that it could be "part of the piece of the puzzle to improving health in youth", despite the authors' concerns with the marketing of the app emphasizing weight loss.[198] An uncontrolled three-month study of the app used by children between 8 and 17 said that it was "highly effective" based on an average reduction in zBMI[definition needed] of 0.26,[199] and a survey of weight management apps published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth noted that of their list, only Kurbo involved health care professionals in its development.[200]

As a result of the release of Kurbo by WW, WW's corporate headquarters in New York City were protested on September 13, 2019,[201] and as of September 2019 a change.org petition asking Weight Watchers to "remove your weight loss app for kids" had over 110,000 signatures.[202]

Leadership and spokespersons

Corporate governance

Weight Watchers' founder Jean Nidetch was the company's President from 1963–1973.[37][47]

Al Lippert was CEO of Weight Watchers from 1963–1981.[50] From 1978–1999, Weight Watchers was a subsidiary of Heinz. Charles M. Berger was CEO of Weight Watchers from 1982–1994,[203][204] having previously been its President.[203][37] Since 1999, the CEOs of Weight Watchers have been: Linda Huett 2000–2006;[205][206] David Kirchhoff 2007–2013;[207] Jim Chambers 2013–2016;[208][209] and Mindy Grossman 2017–present.[100]

Grossman also serves as President and on the board of directors.[100] Since 1999, the chairman of the company has been Raymond Debbane, co-founder and CEO of The Invus Group.[2]

In 2015, Oprah Winfrey purchased a 10 percent ownership stake in WW International and serves as a member of the board of directors.[210]

Spokespersons

Founder Jean Nidetch was the company's public face and spokesperson from its launch in 1963 through 1983.[211] Subsequent spokespersons have included: Lynn Redgrave (1983–1992),[212][213] Kathleen Sullivan (1994–1995),[52][214][215] Sarah, Duchess of York (1997–2007),[75][216][217] Greg Grunberg (2007),[218] Tamela Mann (2008–present) Jenny McCarthy (2009),[219] Jennifer Hudson (2010–2014),[75][220][221] Charles Barkley (2011–2014),[222][223] Jessica Simpson (2012–2014),[224][223] Ana Gasteyer (2013),[225] Oprah Winfrey (2015–present),[226][227] DJ Khaled (2018–present),[228] Kate Hudson (2018–present), [229] Kevin Smith (2018–present),[230] and James Corden (2021–present). Russell Grant (1985-Present)

See also

References

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  • Official website  

April 20, 2023
international, this, article, about, company, diet, weight, watchers, diet, formerly, weight, watchers, international, global, company, headquartered, that, offers, weight, loss, maintenance, fitness, mindset, services, such, weight, watchers, comprehensive, d. This article is about the company For the diet see Weight Watchers diet WW International Inc formerly Weight Watchers International Inc is a global company headquartered in the U S that offers weight loss and maintenance fitness and mindset services such as the Weight Watchers comprehensive diet program 3 Founded in 1963 by Queens New York City homemaker Jean Nidetch WW s program has three options as of 2019 online via its mobile app and website coaching online or by phone or in person meetings 3 WW International Inc FormerlyWeight Watchers 1963 2018 TypePublicTraded asNasdaq WWFoundedMay 15 1963 59 years ago 1963 05 15 Queens New York U S Headquarters675 Avenue of the Americas 6th Floor New York NY 10010Key peopleSima Sistani President amp CEOProductsWeight loss Packaged foods Exercise productsRevenue 1 5 billion 2018 1 Operating income 267 305 million 2017 2 Net income 163 514 million 2017 2 Total assets1 246 billion 2017 2 Total equity 1 015 billion 2017 2 Number of employees18 000 as of 2017 update 2 Websiteweightwatchers comIn 2018 the company rebranded to WW to reflect its development from focusing on weight loss to overall health and wellness 4 5 Contents 1 Company history 1 1 Inception 1 2 Launch IPO and sale to Heinz 1 3 Private equity acquisition and second IPO 1 4 2014 18 2 Business model 2 1 Products and services 2 2 Weight loss plans and formats 3 Reception 4 Leadership and spokespersons 4 1 Corporate governance 4 2 Spokespersons 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksCompany history EditInception Edit Weight Watchers was conceived by Jean Nidetch a housewife and mother living in Queens New York City who had been overweight most of her life and had tried pills hypnosis and numerous fad diets all of which only led to regained weight 6 In 1961 at the age of 38 she weighed 214 pounds and an acquaintance mistook her for being pregnant She entered a free 10 week weight loss program sponsored by the New York City Board of Health s obesity clinic 7 8 The program was called the Prudent Diet and had been developed in the 1950s by Dr Norman Jolliffe head of the board s Bureau of Nutrition 9 10 11 12 13 The plan included the dictums No skipping meals Fish five times a week Two pieces of bread and two glasses of skim milk a day More fruits and vegetables 14 and eating liver once a week 15 It prohibited alcohol sweets and fatty foods 6 included a list of allowed foods and the quantities allowed 16 and encouraged weighing portions 17 Although Nidetch lost 20 pounds on the ten week program 7 she did not like the way the clinic s leader imparted information at the weekly meetings Discussion was discouraged 18 19 15 in addition Nidetch s motivation was threatened by her urge to binge on Mallomar cookies 6 20 11 21 She therefore began a weekly support group in her apartment initially inviting six overweight friends 22 6 23 which within two months grew to 40 women each week 6 She introduced the Prudent Diet a single page from the New York City Board of Health 24 to her fellow weight loss seekers 25 9 and the group provided empathy rapport mutual understanding support and sharing of stories and ideas 26 17 9 15 22 6 The meetings also included a weekly weigh in 27 and Nidetch developed a rewards system including prizes for weight loss milestones 28 In October 1962 Nidetch achieved her target weight of 142 pounds and maintained the weight loss according to her she never exceeded 150 pounds thereafter 22 6 As interest grew Nidetch coached groups in other neighborhoods 27 One group was at the home of Al and Felice Lippert and after the Lipperts successfully lost weight Al who was a businessman in the garment industry talked Nidetch into making a business out of her endeavor 29 Launch IPO and sale to Heinz Edit Nidetch and the Lipperts launched Weight Watchers Inc in Queens in 1963 with Nidetch as president and evangelist They rented public meeting venues and charged participants 2 per weekly meeting 30 31 29 the first official meeting in May 1963 attracted 400 attendees 32 33 Nidetch led groups and trained others to lead groups as well 34 Al Lippert in charge of the business end of the company franchised it in 1964 using a razor razorblade model of an inexpensive franchise fee offered to graduates from the company s programs who had kept the weight off 35 36 with 10 of gross earnings as royalties to the parent company 29 37 27 By 1967 the company was international with 102 franchises in the United States Canada Puerto Rico Great Britain and Israel 14 Felice Lippert was in charge of recipe development nutrition and food research the first Weight Watchers cookbook published in 1966 sold more than 1 5 million copies 37 38 By January 1968 the company had more than one million members worldwide and Weight Watchers Magazine was launched publishing 300 000 copies of its first issue 39 40 By 1968 the company had 91 franchises in 43 states 41 and to expand further overseas Al Lippert took the company public as Weight Watchers International Inc the initial 225 000 shares offered at 11 25 a share began trading enthusiastically rising to over 30 by the end of the first day 42 27 37 Lippert also initiated lines of Weight Watchers prepared food spas camps for overweight kids and weight loss products such as scales and travel kits 43 42 Nidetch with her slim well dressed image charisma and flair for motivational speaking remained the public face of the company 44 45 23 38 In 1970 she published The Memoir of a Successful Loser The Story of Weight Watchers which documented the original Weight Watchers plan 46 In 1973 she resigned as president of the company to devote herself to public relations traveling being interviewed and speaking to large audiences about the program s success 37 6 47 In the mid 1970s the company moved away from simply dieting and more toward eating management developing tailored options to meet the varying needs of its members including a specialized food plan for the management of weight loss plateaus and a maintenance plan 48 46 49 By the late 1970s the company and its operations and divisions had grown too large and complex for Lippert to manage and it was sold along with its food licensees to the H J Heinz Company in 1978 for 72 million 43 50 Lippert remained chairman and signed on to remain CEO for a few years 43 and Nidetch remained in her role as consultant 34 In the late 1980s the company s three divisions support group meetings division food line and publications and media were still increasingly profitable year over year 37 Private equity acquisition and second IPO Edit In 1990 with competition from Jenny Craig Slim Fast Healthy Choice and Nutrisystem earnings began to decline 35 37 The Heinz parent company competed by introducing newly developed Weight Watchers Smart Ones frozen meals 35 37 In 1997 to replace its previous system of counting and weighing food Weight Watchers introduced the POINTS system an algorithmic formula which quantifies a food portion for the purposes of healthy weight loss based on carbohydrates fat and fiber content 51 52 In 1999 Heinz while retaining the rights to the Weight Watchers name for use in certain food categories 53 35 2 sold the company to the private equity firm Artal Luxembourg for 735 million in a leveraged buyout led by the Invus Group which manages Artal and which is run by Raymond Debbane 54 55 Artal put up 224 million and Weight Watchers financed the rest of the buyout with debt 54 Debbane became chairman of Weight Watchers 56 57 In 2001 Debbane organized an initial public offering for Weight Watchers and took it public again 54 As of 2018 Artal remains the company s largest shareholder 58 59 60 In 2000 the new owners reacquired the license to publish Weight Watchers Magazine from Time Inc where Heinz had offloaded it in 1996 and where it had performed poorly circulation recovered quickly and the magazine was redesigned in 2003 37 In 2001 the company launched WeightWatchers com 46 In 2007 it launched Weight Watchers Online for Men 61 62 38 Competitor Nutrisystem Inc also had a men s line 63 In late 2010 Weight Watchers overhauled its POINTS system and replaced it with PointsPlus ProPoints outside the U S 64 65 66 under the new system fruits and non starchy vegetables were zero points and processed foods had higher points than they did before 67 68 69 70 71 72 From 2012 to 2015 although it had its own app and e tools since 2009 73 74 the company faced stiff competition from free smartphone fitness apps many of which included a social media group support system and from wearable fitness monitors such as Fitbit 75 74 76 77 78 2014 18 Edit In April of 2014 Tech Crunch leaked Weight Watchers was in talks to acquire virtual fitness training startup Wello 79 Weight Watchers confirmed the acquisition the following month 80 which spurred a series of acquisitions in the digital therapeutics space One year later in April and May of 2015 Weight Watchers also acquired 5 minute fitness app Hot 5 81 and the online community and selfie startup Weilos 82 Features of Weilos would later be relaunched as Weight Watcher s Connect product an online community in app and on the web 83 In October 2015 Oprah Winfrey partnered with Weight Watchers 84 85 Winfrey bought a 10 stake in the company became its spokesperson joined its board of directors and lost weight on the program 84 plus she helped launch a new holistic lifestyle and fitness program called Beyond the Scale 86 87 88 89 90 91 The late 2015 Oprah effect 92 did not prevent a subsequent downward trend in 2016 largely attributed to challenges from Nutrisystem and the proliferation of free apps and websites aimed at helping people manage their weight 93 94 95 but linked also by some to a faulty initial tech rollout of the new program s app 96 97 98 CEO James Chambers resigned on September 30 2016 93 He was replaced as CEO in July 2017 by Mindy Grossman who had played a role in growing digital sales revenue for HSN 99 100 In December 2017 the company introduced WW Freestyle called WW Flex outside the U S 101 which allows people to carry over unused SmartPoints through the week and lists more than 200 zero points foods including various lean proteins that do not need to be tracked 102 103 104 105 In February 2018 CEO Grossman announced a new direction and purpose for the company to move beyond mere dieting to being a partner in health and wellness and inspiring healthy habits for real life 106 107 108 Subscriptions to Weight Watchers rebounded significantly by mid 2018 109 credited to Winfrey s influence and to Grossman s tri fold efforts of revamping the program improving tech offerings and giving the company a more broad based appeal 110 111 112 113 114 115 In September 2018 the company re branded itself WW International Inc as it shifted its focus more broadly to overall health and wellness including fitness 116 4 It adopted a new tagline Wellness that Works 116 The company stopped requiring users to have a weight loss goal in order to join 117 118 and renamed its in person meetings to Wellness Workshops 119 120 As part of the rebrand WW introduced a new program WellnessWins that rewarded members for behaviors that encourage healthier habits which were redeemable for products services and experiences 121 122 120 123 124 The company also announced Connect a digital community which would include micro community Groups 121 125 120 126 127 123 In August 2018 the company acquired Kurbo Inc rebranding the free mobile app directed at children and teenagers as Kurbo by WW 128 WW s app was configured to help people track health related goals 129 4 Its FitPoints system has been marketed as allowing individuals to choose activities which have the biggest impact on their health 4 The updated WW app is also integrated with Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant 126 123 122 The company has partnered with the meditation app Headspace to offer customized mindfulness content for members 129 124 127 130 125 121 Business model EditWeight Watchers business model is one of a subscription based program of support 131 132 plus a variety of purchasable products media services and technologies Its brand identity has been framed around Weight Watchers being a community 133 134 135 and its website is intrinsic to its effectiveness 133 132 Particularly in the 21st century the company has increasingly marketed itself as a health and wellness brand rather than a weight loss brand 135 136 121 and its dietary plans emphasize fruits vegetables lean proteins and foods high in whole grains and low in trans fats 137 3 Also in the 21st century the company has increasingly tried to effectively and competitively balance its digital and offline offerings 138 139 As of 2019 the program offered weight loss support via the app and website in person workshops and personal coaching 3 Products and services Edit Weight Watchers primary sources of income are subscriptions to the program 2 123 The company provides a weight management program myWW and a food plan SmartPoints customers can participate in the program via in person group meetings and or digitally and are provided with individualized information support and coaching 3 2 It also receives income from Weight Watchers branded services and products which include publications such as Weight Watchers magazines Weight Watchers cookbooks and food guides and restaurant guides with points values 2 140 It sells its own bars and snacks and licenses the Weight Watchers trademark to a variety of prepared foods beverages and other products and services 2 140 Weight loss plans and formats Edit The original Weight Watchers dietary plan in the 1960s was roughly based on the Prudent Diet developed by Dr Norman Jolliffe at the New York City Board of Health 141 142 52 9 143 It was based around lean meat fish skim milk and fruits and vegetables and it banned alcohol sweets and fatty foods 6 It had lists of allowed and prohibited foods 144 145 and was more structured than subsequent versions of the Weight Watchers program 146 It recommended weighing food portions and prohibited skipping meals or counting calories 144 146 The company has regularly changed and updated its diet plans and formats to reflect current nutritional and obesity science and to accommodate consumer awareness and demand 147 In 1979 Weight Watchers introduced PepStep or Personal Exercise Plan a walking or stair climbing exercise program to benefit members weight loss developed by a doctor specializing in exercise and cardiac rehabilitation 148 149 With this additional element Weight Watchers became the one of the first weight loss companies along with the Pritikin program to promote the importance of regular exercise 149 150 151 By 1980 the company expanded its dietary plan to allow for substitutions and more flexibility It introduced three routines a full choice plan with the most options a limited choice plan with fewer options and less leeway and a no choice plan with no substitutions and no options which was the most calorie restrictive and was to be followed for no more than two weeks 146 152 153 154 In 1984 the company added Quick Start which was a more spartan temporary eating plan designed to produce faster motivation boosting weight loss in the first few weeks of the program 52 37 155 It was the company s first exchange based diet where foods within categories could be exchanged for each other 146 This was expanded in 1986 to Quick Start Plus with higher fat options and Personal Choice options 146 156 In 1984 Weight Watchers also launched its At Work program held for groups of 15 or more in office places for people who were otherwise unable to attend community meetings 157 The meetings are held either before work during the lunch break or after work 158 and the fees are usually subsidized by the employer 159 In 1988 Weight Watchers launched the Quick Success program a plan that was easier and more flexible particularly for working women 160 161 162 163 It also allowed for a lacto ovo vegetarian diet and increased the minimum daily vegetable intake from two to three 146 In 1997 Weight Watchers completely replaced its exchange based diets with the POINTS system also originally called 1 2 3 Success a proprietary algorithmic formula which quantifies a food portion for the purposes of healthy weight loss based on carbohydrates fat and fiber content 51 52 146 In 2000 the company rolled out Winning Points a more personalized version of the POINTS system which encompassed self observation behavior modification and fitness and activity and which did not have any food exclusions 158 164 165 In 2004 Weight Watchers launched the Turn Around program 146 which gave people two plans to choose from and aimed to teach participants how to eat normal food in sensible portions and to increase their exercise 166 The Flex Plan option allowed dieters to eat anything they wanted as long as they stayed within their points allowance activity points could be earned by exercise 167 168 The Core Plan option later known as Simply Filling dispensed with points entirely and included a list of foods that could be eaten until satisfied and a list of foods to be avoided 168 167 In December 2008 Weight Watchers eliminated the Core Plan and introduced the Momentum Plan designed to help members understand how consuming certain filling foods helped them to eat less and prevent overeating 167 169 170 171 In late 2010 Weight Watchers overhauled its POINTS system and replaced it with PointsPlus ProPoints outside the U S 64 65 66 under the new system fruits and non starchy vegetables are zero points and processed foods have higher points than they did before 67 68 69 70 71 72 In December 2012 the company rolled out Weight Watchers 360 which did not change its PointsPlus plan but added behavioral modification and support mindfulness control of and planning for one s eating environment and new apps and also added an optional wearable fitness monitor to purchase called ActiveLink 172 173 174 175 In September 2014 Weight Watchers began syncing its apps with wearable fitness monitors such as Fitbit and Jawbone so that the activity of members who own those devices is instantly uploaded and tracked and converted to points 176 177 178 In December 2014 Weight Watchers launched two new services Personal Coaching and 24 7 Expert Chat 179 Personal Coaching provides individuals with a Weight Watchers certified coach who helps them develop an individualized weight management plan and is available via phone text and email for subsequent consultations 179 180 24 7 Expert Chat allows members all hours access to Weight Watchers certified coaches who can offer instant advice when users encounter weight loss or dieting crises 179 180 In December 2015 the company rolled out a new holistic lifestyle and fitness program called Beyond the Scale The program uses SmartPoints an updating of the points system which takes into consideration the nutritional value of a food and helps steer people away from junk foods sugar and saturated fat 86 91 90 181 146 That same month the company launched Connect a social media platform via its app where members receive support from other members 182 183 184 185 In December 2017 Weight Watchers introduced WW Freestyle called WW Flex outside the U S 101 which allows people to carry over unused points through the week and lists more than 200 zero points foods including various lean proteins that do not need to be tracked 102 103 104 105 In November 2021 WW introduced a new program called PersonalPoints which now uses AI to adjust your points and zero point food list based on individual preferences In addition extra points can now be earned for drinking at least 60 fl oz of water daily and for every cup of non starchy vegetables 186 Reception EditAs of July 2018 Weight Watchers was the most widely used commercial diet in the world 146 14 In addition to the U S as of 2018 it had operations in countries including Canada the UK Germany Switzerland France Belgium the Netherlands Sweden Australia New Zealand and Brazil 2 Its main long term competitors in the commercial weight loss company genre are Jenny Craig and Nutrisystem 187 14 188 Weight Watchers has been included in U S News amp World Report s rankings for 40 most popular diets and has also been listed as No 1 for weight loss and best commercial diets 3 For Weight Watchers customers who choose to attend meetings in addition to supplying information and lifestyle tips meetings operate as support groups that provide empathy rapport and mutual understanding as well as positive reinforcement 26 35 189 Some therapists have said that focusing on counting calories or points as promoted by WW can lead to a disordered relationship with food and hunger 190 191 Previously the company s prepared foods had been criticized as containing preservatives and other additives 192 193 as of late 2018 Weight Watchers has removed all artificial sweeteners flavors colors and preservatives from products carrying the company s name and dropped or reformulated most of the food products it once produced 136 194 195 196 In August 2019 WW released Kurbo by WW a weight management and health app directed at children and teenagers It has been criticized by some experts on nutrition and eating disorders for encouraging dieting in children as young as 8 197 Christy Harrison a registered dietician wrote in the New York Times programs like this are fertile ground for disordered eating and that efforts to lose weight are especially troubling when imposed on children who aren t in a position to make their own choices and who haven t had the opportunity to develop a peaceful relationship with food and their bodies 191 However an article in the journal Childhood Obesity concluded that it could be part of the piece of the puzzle to improving health in youth despite the authors concerns with the marketing of the app emphasizing weight loss 198 An uncontrolled three month study of the app used by children between 8 and 17 said that it was highly effective based on an average reduction in zBMI definition needed of 0 26 199 and a survey of weight management apps published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth noted that of their list only Kurbo involved health care professionals in its development 200 As a result of the release of Kurbo by WW WW s corporate headquarters in New York City were protested on September 13 2019 201 and as of September 2019 a change org petition asking Weight Watchers to remove your weight loss app for kids had over 110 000 signatures 202 Leadership and spokespersons EditCorporate governance Edit Weight Watchers founder Jean Nidetch was the company s President from 1963 1973 37 47 Al Lippert was CEO of Weight Watchers from 1963 1981 50 From 1978 1999 Weight Watchers was a subsidiary of Heinz Charles M Berger was CEO of Weight Watchers from 1982 1994 203 204 having previously been its President 203 37 Since 1999 the CEOs of Weight Watchers have been Linda Huett 2000 2006 205 206 David Kirchhoff 2007 2013 207 Jim Chambers 2013 2016 208 209 and Mindy Grossman 2017 present 100 Grossman also serves as President and on the board of directors 100 Since 1999 the chairman of the company has been Raymond Debbane co founder and CEO of The Invus Group 2 In 2015 Oprah Winfrey purchased a 10 percent ownership stake in WW International and serves as a member of the board of directors 210 Spokespersons Edit Founder Jean Nidetch was the company s public face and spokesperson from its launch in 1963 through 1983 211 Subsequent spokespersons have included Lynn Redgrave 1983 1992 212 213 Kathleen Sullivan 1994 1995 52 214 215 Sarah Duchess of York 1997 2007 75 216 217 Greg Grunberg 2007 218 Tamela Mann 2008 present Jenny McCarthy 2009 219 Jennifer Hudson 2010 2014 75 220 221 Charles Barkley 2011 2014 222 223 Jessica Simpson 2012 2014 224 223 Ana Gasteyer 2013 225 Oprah Winfrey 2015 present 226 227 DJ Khaled 2018 present 228 Kate Hudson 2018 present 229 Kevin Smith 2018 present 230 and James Corden 2021 present Russell Grant 1985 Present See also EditList of dietsReferences Edit Treffis Team Staff Time to Sell Weight Watchers Stock Forbes Retrieved 5 November 2019 a b c d e f g h i j k l Form 10 K Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 30 2017 Weight Watchers International Inc U S Securities and Exchange Commission February 28 2018 a b c d e f What is Weight Watchers Diet U S News amp World Report Retrieved May 21 2018 a b c d Hope Katie Weight Watchers drops weight from name BBC News September 24 2018 Wahba Phil 24 September 2018 What s in a Name Weight Watchers Changes Name to WW Fortune registration required a b c d e f g h i McFadden Robert D Jean Nidetch a Founder of Weight Watchers Dies at 91 New York Times April 29 2015 a b Allan Vicky The Fat Controllers The Herald January 7 2006 Bauer Patricia Jean Nidetch Britannica Retrieved May 20 2018 a b c d Goetz Thomas The Decision Tree How to Make Better Choices and Take Control of Your Health Rodale Inc 2011 pp 70 71 Investing in obesity battle Humana may give Weight Watchers new life HealthcareFinanceNews com February 27 2015 a b Ben Yehuda Ayala Little Neck neighbors saw beginnings of diet empire TimesLedger July 31 2003 Jolliffe Norman Reduce and Stay Reduced Simon amp Schuster 1952 Norman Jolliffe Physician Is Dead New York Times August 2 1961 a b c d Cohan Peter Weight Watchers Winning 61 Billion War On Fat Forbes November 14 2012 a b c Bockmann Rich Weight Watchers humble origins began in Deepdale TimesLedger November 6 2011 72 Pounds Weight Watchers 50th video The History Factory 2013 a b Horwell Veronica Jean Nidetch obituary The Guardian May 1 2015 Sedensky Matt At 87 Weight Watchers founder keeps pounds off San Diego Union Tribune Associated Press September 2 2011 Sedensky Matt Weight Watchers founder Jean Nidetch dies at age 91 San Diego Union Tribune Associated Press April 29 2015 Cornwell Rupert Jean Nidetch As we mourn death of Weight Watchers founder have we learned lessons on keeping weight down The Independent May 2 2015 Stern Jane Stern Michael Lexicon of Real American Food Rowman amp Littlefield 2011 a b c Jean Nidetch founder of Weight Watchers dies BBC News April 29 2015 a b Yager Susan The Hundred Year Diet America s Voracious Appetite for Losing Weight Rodale Inc 2010 pp 76 77 Kurland Rachel Local Weight Watchers Founder Dies at 85 The Jewish Exponent January 24 2018 Frankle Reva T Yang Mei Uih Obesity and Weight Control The Health Professional s Guide to Understanding and Treatment Aspen Publishers 1988 p 375 a b Kanner Bernice Return to Slender New York February 7 1994 pp 16 17 a b c d Jean Nidetch Entrepreneur October 10 2008 Langer Emily Jean Nidetch ardent promoter of Weight Watchers dies at 91 Washington Post April 29 2015 a b c Van der Gelder Lawrence A Real Winner In Weight Losing New York Times March 25 1979 Ickeringill Nan Weight Watchers Inc They Talk Their Way Out of Obesity New York Times March 20 1967 Annual Report 2006 Weight Watchers International February 28 2007 p 9 Hellmich Nanci Late Weight Watchers founder Food isn t remedy for problems USA Today April 29 2015 Kapner Suzanne Weight Watchers Founder Jean Nidetch Dies at 91 Wall Street Journal April 29 2015 a b Smith Andrew F Eating History 30 Turning Points in the Making of American Cuisine Columbia University Press 2011 pp 245 250 a b c d e Weight Watchers Invus Retrieved May 21 2018 Gunther Max Instant Millionaires The Secrets of Overnight Success Harriman House Limited 2010 pp 42 45 a b c d e f g h i j k Pederson Jay P ed International Directory of Company Histories Vol 73 St James Press 2005 pp 379 383 a b c Smith Andrew F Savoring Gotham A Food Lover s Companion to New York City Oxford University Press 2015 pp 638 639 Calta Louis New Magazine Aims to Help the Overweight Weight Watchers a Journal for Obese on Newstands New York Times January 18 1968 Lueck Therese Women s Periodicals in the United States Consumer Magazines Greenwood Publishing Group 1995 pp 436 440 Cornwell Rupert Felice Lippert The Independent February 28 2003 a b Metz Robert Stock Weighs In And Price Soars New York Times September 20 1968 a b c Fallon Ivan Luck of O Reilly A Biography of Tony O Reilly Grand Central Publishing 2009 Jean Nidetch Weight Watchers founder obituary The Telegraph April 30 2015 Collins Judy Cravings How I Conquered Food Knopf Doubleday 2018 a b c Weight Watchers Celebrates 50th Anniversary By Honoring Its Founder Jean Nidetch With A Flagship Center Dedication PR Newswire March 25 2013 a b Lambert Emily Long Island s Diet Doyenne New York Post October 31 1999 Fat Premier Health Problem Las Vegas Sun May 8 1976 p 2A McCall s Volume 103 McCall s 1976 p 34 a b Thomas Robert McG Jr Albert Lippert 72 a Founder Of Weight Watchers Is Dead New York Times March 3 1998 a b Belluz Julia Oprah just invested millions in Weight Watchers But does the program even work Vox October 21 2015 a b c d e Hendley Joyce Winter 2003 Weight Watchers at Forty A Celebration Gastronomica The Journal of Critical Food Studies 3 1 16 21 doi 10 1525 gfc 2003 3 1 16 Beck Ernest Heinz Sells Weight Watchers Interest To Artal Luxembourg for 735 Million Wall Street Journal July 23 1999 a b c Vardi Nathan The Mystery Man Behind Weight Watchers And The Private Equity Deal Of The Century Forbes September 4 2012 Freeman Sholnn 1999 07 23 Heinz Selling Its Weight Watchers Unit The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2019 12 03 Weight Watchers International Inc WTW dead link Reuters Retrieved May 21 2018 Form 10 K Annual Report for the fiscal year ended January 2 2010 Weight Watchers International U S Securities and Exchange Commission March 3 2010 Hiaasen Rob Institutional Ownership Of Weight Watchers International Inc WTW Is 91 7 PostAnalyst com September 18 2018 Mason Amelie Here s Who Owns Weight Watchers International Inc WTW PostAnalyst com October 3 2018 Melin Anders Ritcey Alicia Oprah is Weight Watchers most absent board member Detroit News Bloomberg News April 3 2017 Contois Emily Real Men amp Real Food The Cultural Politics of Male Weight Loss Nursing Clio August 15 2017 Announcing the Launch of Weight Watchers Online for Men and Weight Watchers eTools for Men Business Wire March 29 2007 Schultz E J 22 April 2011 Weight Watchers Picks a New Target Men Ad Age Retrieved 28 February 2023 a b Harcombe Zoe Weight Watchers ProPoints plan what s it all about ZoeHarcombe com November 1 2010 a b Barclay Eliza WeightWatchers Points Plan Stretching To Help Splurgers NPR November 4 2010 a b Clarke Andrew 2015 Governing the dieting self Conducting weight loss via the internet Journal of Sociology 51 3 657 673 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 918 9225 doi 10 1177 1440783314522869 S2CID 143979073 a b Gootman Elissa Weight Watchers Upends Its Points System New York Times December 3 2010 a b O Brien Jeffrey M Weight Watchers Revamps Its Magic Formula Wired December 16 2011 a b Farnham Alan Diets New and Improved ABC News January 12 2011 a b Black Rosemary Goldwert Lindsay Weight Watchers new Points Plus weight loss system has dieters losing their minds New York Daily News December 7 2010 a b Nordqvist Christian Weight Watchers Finally Accepts Where Calories Come From Matters Too Medical News Today November 30 2010 a b Huget Jennifer LaRue Weight Watchers allows free fruit but reservations persist Washington Post December 21 2010 Cohen Jennifer 4 New Apps You Need To Achieve Real Weight Loss Forbes May 29 2013 a b DePillis Lydia Internet killed the dieting star Why Weight Watchers is floundering Washington Post August 4 2013 a b c Kepos Paula ed International Directory of Company Histories Volume 192 St James Press 2017 pp 465 470 Lutz Ashley Read This Before You Join Weight Watchers Business Insider December 15 2014 Harwell Drew Americans new way of losing weight has left Weight Watchers behind Washington Post October 29 2014 Dignan Larry How apps and wearables upended Weight Watchers ZDNet March 18 2015 Taylor Colleen 21 April 2014 Online Fitness Startup Wello To Be Acquired By Weight Watchers Sources Say Tech Crunch Tech Crunch Retrieved 13 October 2022 Kokalitcheva Kia May 2014 Weight Watchers is coming to an Internet connection near you Venture Beat Venture Beat Retrieved 13 October 2022 Lawler Ryan 4 May 2015 Weight Watchers Acquires 5 Minute Fitness App Hot5 TechCrunch TechCrunch Retrieved 13 October 2022 Taylor Colleen 7 April 2015 TechCrunch TechCrunch TechCrunch Retrieved 13 October 2022 Carusillo Claire 28 April 2016 Is Weight Watchers Connect the Only Good Social Network Racked Retrieved 13 October 2022 a b Picker Leslie Shares of Weight Watchers Jump as Oprah Winfrey Takes a Stake New York Times October 19 2015 Tinker Ben Weight watching Here s how Oprah can help CNN October 20 2015 a b Amidor Toby 3 Diets That Aren t What You Think They Are U S News amp World Report January 22 2016 Roberts Deborah Weight Watchers Oprah Winfrey Launch Beyond the Scale Campaign ABC News December 7 2015 Pembleton Meghan Oprah Weight Watchers go Beyond the Scale The Arizona Republic January 6 2016 Byron Ellen Weight Watchers Plan Don t Call It a Diet Wall Street Journal December 6 2015 a b Sifferlin Alexandra Every Change Weight Watchers Just Made Explained TIME December 8 2015 a b Comstock Jonah Weight Watchers reinvented program Beyond the Scale includes FitBreak app MobiHealthNews December 7 2015 McGee Suzanne Weight Watchers sees the Oprah effect but it may not last The Guardian January 28 2016 a b Wattles Jackie Weight Watchers CEO calling it quits after tumultuous year CNN Money September 13 2016 Schlossberg Mallory Weight Watchers has massive problems that even Oprah can t fix Business Insider February 26 2016 Schlossberg Mallory These before and after photos show why the future of Weight Watchers is uncertain Business Insider August 5 2016 Marsh Julia Customer says Weight Watchers app is a huge mess New York Post January 8 2016 Graham Meg Why the Weight Watchers stumble is about tech not just Oprah Chicago Tribune March 17 2016 Lee Stephanie M People Are Mad Because Weight Watchers App Has Glitches BuzzFeed News November 30 2015 Gensler Lauren Weight Watchers Taps HSN s Mindy Grossman As CEO Forbes April 26 2017 a b c Manning Margie What Oprah says about hiring HSN CEO Mindy Grossman to lead Weight Watchers Tampa Bay Business Journal April 27 2017 a b McKinnon Martha Weight Watchers New Freestyle Program 2018 Simple Nourished Living November 15 2017 a b Weight Watchers Introduces New WW Freestyle Better Results And More Flexibility Than Any WW Program Yahoo Finance December 4 2017 a b Brodwin Erin Weight Watchers new program has 200 zero point foods you can eat as much as you want including eggs Business Insider April 2 2018 a b Asp Karen Weight Watchers WebMD January 10 2018 a b Turner Nick Giammona Craig Weight Watchers Jumps as New Freestyle Program Fuels Growth Bloomberg News February 27 2018 Bach Natasha The World Doesn t Need Another Diet Weight Watchers Is Moving Beyond Just Counting Points Fortune February 28 2018 Armental Maria Weight Watchers Looking to Expand Beyond Dieting Wall Street Journal February 27 2018 Weight Watchers WTW Announces Strategic Vision to Make Wellness Accessible to All StreetInsider com February 7 2018 Associated Press Weight Watchers slims down name to WW Chicago Sun Times September 24 2018 Kline Daniel B Weight Watchers renewed interest has moved beyond the Oprah effect USA Today May 30 2018 Badkar Mamta Weight Watchers shares pumped by upbeat results Financial Times May 3 2018 Giammona Craig Weight Watchers Jumps After Reporting More Subscribers Than Ever Bloomberg News May 3 2018 Sorvino Chloe How Weight Watchers CEO Mindy Grossman Is Democratizing Wellness Forbes June 23 2018 Farrell Sean How the Oprah effect helped Weight Watchers regain Americans trust The Guardian August 8 2018 Blankenhorn Dana Grossman Is Engineering a Real Weight Watchers Stock Turnaround InvestorPlace com September 12 2018 a b Maidenberg Micah Weight Watchers Changes Name as It Shifts Mission Wall Street Journal September 24 2018 Burch Sean Weight Watchers Sheds Its Name Looks to Keep Oprah Momentum Moving Forward The Wrap September 24 2018 Weight Watchers Changes Its Name Newser September 24 2018 Hosie Rachel Weight Watchers Rebrands As WW In Bid To Distance Itself From Dieting The Independent September 25 2018 a b c Wischhover Cheryl As dieting becomes more taboo Weight Watchers is changing its name Vox September 24 2018 a b c d Raphael Rina Here s why Weight Watchers changed its name Fast Company September 24 2018 a b Weight Watchers to change its name offer new programs 6 ABC September 29 2018 a b c d Wahba Phil Weight Watchers Changes Name to WW in Big Bet on Wellness Fortune September 24 2018 a b Butler Sarah Weight Watchers plans tech rebrand to take on wellness industry The Guardian September 24 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horrifying Not everyone loves Weight Watchers new program Washington Post December 24 2015 Comstock Jonah Weight Watchers reinvented program Beyond the Scale includes FitBreak app MobiHealthNews com December 7 2015 Carusillo Claire Is Weight Watchers Connect the Only Good Social Network Racked April 28 2016 Buonomo R Weight Watchers Social Media Takeover University of Waterloo Social Media for Business Performance February 14 2017 Brooker Rosina Weight Watchers Connect is Supporting Weight Loss on Social Media SocialSongbird com May 4 2016 Ball Dietitian Jessica M S RD Weight Watchers Just Changed Their Program Again Here s What You Need to Know EatingWell Retrieved 2022 09 22 Kaplan Karen Weight Watchers Jenny Craig most reliable for weight loss study says Los Angeles Times April 6 2015 Measuring Weight Watchers Wide Moat Seeking Alpha September 23 2013 Weight Watchers International Inc Hoovers June 2016 Anderson Kari Dieting Weight and Making Peace with Food Psychology Today January 31 2017 a b Harrison Christy 2019 08 18 I Help People Recover From Disordered Eating Don t Give Your Child This App New York Times Retrieved 2020 01 24 Lieber Chavie Weight Watchers and the End of Dieting Racked August 13 2015 Campbell Abby Weight Watchers meals processed with over 50 ingredients Natural Health 365 November 1 2015 Vanian Jonathan How Weight Watchers and Ford Are Redesigning Their Businesses Fortune June 27 2018 Dantes Damanick Weight Watchers CEO Define Your Purpose and Act on It Fortune August 2 2018 Bomey Nathan Weight Watchers rebrands as WW eliminates artificial ingredients in focus on wellness USA Today September 24 2018 Sole Smith Virginia 2019 08 16 A New Weight Watchers App for Kids Raises Concerns New York Times Retrieved 2020 01 24 Cardel Michelle I Taveras and Elsie M Taveras Elsie M 26 August 2019 Let s Not Just Dismiss the Weight Watchers Kurbo App Childhood Obesity 141 1 547 548 doi 10 1089 chi 2019 29000 car PMC 7869525 PMID 31448955 Runyan Thea January 2018 Kurbo A Digital Health Solution for Overweight Youth Pediatrics 141 1 231 doi 10 1542 peds 141 1 MeetingAbstract 231 S2CID 199623875 Rivera Jordan McPherson Amy Hamilton Jill Birken Catherine Coons Michael Iyer Sindoora Agarwal Arnav Lalloo Chitra Stinson Jennifer 26 July 2016 Mobile Apps for Weight Management A Scoping Review JMIR mHealth and uHealth 4 3 e87 doi 10 2196 mhealth 5115 PMC 4978862 PMID 27460502 Landsverk Gabby 2019 09 17 People are protesting the Weight Watchers healthy eating app for kids citing toxic diet culture and experiences with disordered eating Business Insider Retrieved 2020 01 24 Sterling Wendy 2019 09 14 New Weight Watchers diet app puts kids at risk for eating disorders and body shaming nbcnews com Retrieved 2020 01 24 a b Princeton Alumni Weekly May 3 1982 pp 59 60 Deaths Berger Charles Martin New York Times December 10 2008 Form 10 K Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 28 2002 Weight Watchers International U S Securities and Exchange Commission March 28 2003 RC2 Announces Appointment of Linda A Huett and Peter J Henseler to its Board of Directors Business Wire March 20 2007 Dave Kirchhoff at LinkedIn Retrieved May 21 2018 Weight Watchers Names James Chambers President and CEO Weight Watchers August 1 2013 Archived from the original on November 12 2013 Vardi Nathan Weight Watchers CEO Resigns As Oprah Winfrey s 1 Billion Golden Touch Is Gone Forbes September 12 2016 Weight Watchers shares dive as people put diets on hold BBC News 11 August 2021 Retrieved 11 August 2021 Jean Nidetch PBS Retrieved May 21 2018 Fisher Luchina Vanessa Redgrave Grieving and Glorying After Sister Lynn Redgrave s Death ABC News May 13 2010 Lynn Redgrave TCM Retrieved May 21 2018 Janofsky Michael A former TV star is reborn as an all too human spokeswoman for a Weight Watchers campaign New York Times March 9 1994 Pratt Steven Fight Fat With Fiber Chicago Tribune February 22 1995 Lamothe Keisha Weight Watchers famous faces CNN Money May 16 2013 Williams Grace L The Oprah Effect Weight Watchers Ambassadors Over The Years Forbes October 24 2015 Celebrity Weight Watchers Endorsers Parade June 5 2012 Lamothe Keisha Weight Watchers famous faces CNN Money May 16 2013 Lamothe Keisha Weight Watchers famous faces CNN Money May 16 2013 Jennifer Hudson Parts Ways With Weight Watchers After 80 Pound Weight Loss Huffington Post May 15 2014 Lamothe Keisha Weight Watchers famous faces CNN Money May 16 2013 a b Horovitz Bruce Weight Watchers Butts are in for 2015 USA Today December 26 2014 Lamothe Keisha Weight Watchers famous faces CNN Money May 16 2013 Newman Andrew Adam Twitter Posts Lead Weight Watchers Online to a New Spokeswoman New York Times March 27 2013 Sblendorio Peter Oprah Winfrey stars in first Weight Watchers commercial says there s no time like present to lose weight New York Daily News December 28 2015 Mango Alison Just in Time for the New Year Here Is Oprah s First Weight Watchers Ad Health December 29 2015 Pullen John Patrick Weight Watchers Teamed Up With DJ Khaled and Its Stock Immediately Skyrocketed Fortune January 2 2018 Deerwester Jayme Kate Hudson explains why she joined Weight Watchers USA TODAY Retrieved 2019 12 03 Kuperinsky Amy Kevin Smith down 32 pounds becomes a Weight Watchers ambassador NJ com April 23 2018 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Weight Watchers Official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title WW International amp oldid 1150302829, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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