W.A.K.O. World Championships 1999 were the joint twelfth world kickboxing championships (the other was held the same year in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan) hosted by the W.A.K.O. organization. It was the fifth championships (world and European) to be held in Italy and was open to amateur men and women from fifty countries across the world.
W.A.K.O. World Championships 1999 (Caorle)
The poster for W.A.K.O. World Championships 1999 (Caorle).
There were five categories available at Caorle, much more than at the previous European championships. The categories on offer included; Full-Contact, Thai-Boxing (men only), Light-Contact, Semi-Contact and Musical Forms. By the end of the championships Belarus was the top nation, just about shading second place Russia due to her incredible record in Thai-boxing, while Italy came in third. The event was held in Caorle, Italy in November, 1999.[1][2]
Full-Contact is a form of kickboxing where fights are won primarily by point's decision or referee stoppage, with kicks and punches allowed above the waist, although unlike professional kickboxing, head and body protection is compulsory - more detail on Full-Contact rules are available on the W.A.K.O. website.[4] At Caorle the men had twelve weight divisions ranging from 51 kg/112.2 lbs to over 91 kg/+200.2 lbs, while the women had seven (one more than at Leverkusen) ranging from 48 kg/105.6 lbs to over 70 kg/+143 lbs, with an extra weight class being added (+70 kg). Notable winners in this category included Mariusz Cieśliński who won his third W.A.K.O. world championship gold medal,[5]Aleksandr Povetkin who would go to achieve greater renown as a pro boxer, and Natascha Ragosina who would later become a multiple world champion in women's boxing. By the end of the championships Russia were easily the dominant nation in Full-Contact, winning five gold medals, three silver and three bronze in total.[6]
The most physical type of kickboxing available at W.A.K.O. championships, Thai-boxing (more commonly known as Muay Thai) allows the contestants to kick, punch, use elbows and knees in an attempt to win their matches – often by a point’s decision or via a referee stoppage. Unlike the professional version, W.A.K.O. amateur events enforce the wearing of head, body and leg protection by the competitors. In Caorle only men were allowed to participate in Thai-boxing, with twelve weight classes ranging from 51 kg/112.2 lbs to over 91 kg/+200.2 lbs. Notable winners in the style included future pro world champions Vasily Shish, Dmitry Shakuta and Vitali Akhramenko, with their nation Belarus being by far the strongest nation in Thai-boxing, winning eight gold and two bronze medals.[7] Even more incredible was the fact that seven of these winners all trained together at the Kick Fighter Gym in Minsk.[8]
Light-Contact is a form of kickboxing that is less physical than Full-Contact but more so than Semi-Contact and is often seen as a transition between the two. Contestants score points on the basis of speed and technique over brute force although stoppages can occur, although as with other amateur forms head and body protection must be worn - more detail on Light-Contact rules can be found on the official W.A.K.O. website.[9] The men had nine weight divisions ranging from 57 kg/125.4 lbs to over 94 kg/+206.8 lbs, with several new weight divisions at the top end of the scale, while the women had five ranging from 50 kg/110 lbs to over 65 kg/143 lbs. Not exactly full of recognizable names, the most notable winners in this category were Klaus Wilkinson and Boris Zalyotkin in the men's both having won gold at the last European championships, and in the women's, Rita Pesuth who won her second gold medal at Caorle, having also won in Semi-Contact. Poland were the top nation in Light-Contact winning three gold, three silver and four bronze medals.[10]
Men's Light-Contact Kickboxing Medals Table
Event
Gold
Silver
Bronze
-57 kg
Dezső Debreczeni
Rafal Kaluzny
Danijel Mrkoci Erdinc Albayoglu
-63 kg
Dawid Kowalski
Jorge Coelho
Rouslan Agloulline Amjane Abaelaziz
-69 kg
Alexandr Maslov
Eirik Gundersen
Andreas Hahn Ramadani Besnik
-74 kg
Boris Zalyotkin
Rafal Petertil
Matt Perrins Mirko Greppo
-79 kg
Alexandr Dmitzienko
Zoltan Dancso
Chris McBride Dirk Lewandowski
-84 kg
Martin Albers
Mirko Borkovic
Marek Marszal Laszlo Toth
-89 kg
Klaus Wilkinson
William Eaves
Rjobert Budnicki Marco Tagliaferri
-94 kg
Michal Wszelak
Christian Andreoletti
Andrej Rybaltchenko Toni Turk
+94 kg
Wojciech Szczerbiński
Gianmario Franchina
Stefan Oscarsson Alexander Major
Women's Light-Contact Kickboxing Medals Table
Event
Gold
Silver
Bronze
-50 kg
Diana Szkagyi
Julia Tzotimova
Manuela Fugazza Julita Tkaczyk
-55 kg
Rita Pesuth
Marzia Davide
Tetyana Mymrykova Rada Matsonen
-60 kg
Barbara Plazzoli
Sanja Stunja
Rajsima Nuzislamova Maike Golzenleuchter
-65 kg
Helene Horlaville
Annamaria Sisonna
Katarina Zuvic Julia Grassini
+65 kg
Sallie McArdle
Karolina Lukasik
Anja Renfordt Stamena Milicevici
Semi-Contact
Semi-Contact is a form of kickboxing in which fights were won by points given due to technique, skill and speed, with physical force limited and as with other forms of amateur kickboxing, head and body protection is worn - more information on Semi-Contact can be found on the W.A.K.O. website.[11] The men had eight weight divisions ranging from 57 kg/125.4 lbs to over 94 kg/+206.8 lbs while the women had five ranging from 50 kg/110 lbs to over 65 kg/143 lbs. The most notable winner was Rita Pesuth who also won gold at the same event in Light-Contact making her a double winner. Italy was the top country in the style, winning six golds and four bronzes.[12]
Men's Semi-Contact Kickboxing Medals Table
-79kg Roland Conar (Croatia) Preston Clemens (USA)
Event
Gold
Silver
Bronze
-57 kg
Gianpaolo Calajò
Rafal Kaluzny
Danijel Mrkoci Hachgen Muchusekov
-63 kg
Andrea Misiani
Hasan Cataltas
Davorin Gabrovel Adilson Babtista
-69 kg
Jason Facey
Artur Cholewa
Ilija Salerno Thomas Pfaffl
-74 kg
Corey Cain
Nikos Memos
Hudoba Tamas Ralph Hafner
-84 kg
Mike Pombiero
Laszlo Toth
Emanuele Bozzolani Ozcan Arslan
-89 kg
Chris McBride
Clifton Finaley
Roberto Montuoro Robert Devane
-94 kg
Marcello Tomasini
Dean Furestenberg
Michael Steier Bernard Paqoet
+94 kg
Marco Culiersi
Mesut Celik
Emmanuel St-Louis Rudiger Miller
Women's Semi-Contact Kickboxing Medals Table
Event
Gold
Silver
Bronze
-50 kg
Samantha Aquilano
Amanda Quansah
Sabine Seifert Julia Tzotimova
-55 kg
Rita Pesuth
Gonca Thurm
Angela Caldera Tiziana Boscolo
-60 kg
Luisa Lico
Agnes Tapai
Carla Ribeiro Melanie Moder
-65 kg
Kierston Shelby
Anita Madsen
Patrizia Berlingeri Elaine Fowler
+65 kg
Nicola Corbett
Nadja Sibila
Oksana Kinach Elisabetta Degani
Musical Forms
Musical Forms is a non-physical competition which sees the contestants fighting against imaginary foes using Martial Arts techniques - more information on the style can be found on the W.A.K.O. website.[13] The men and women competed in four different styles explained below:
Soft Styles with Weapons - using weapons such as Naginata, Nunchaku, Tai Chi Chuan Sword, Whip Chain.
The most notable winners were Olga Valentinova who was a double winner in Musical Forms and Alexei Pekarchik who also won gold in Thai-boxing. By the end of the championships United States were the top nation with four golds, one silver and two bronze medals.[14]
^(PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-05-24.
^"Offizielle Ergebnisse der WAKO-WM in Italien ... - Kickbox-Ergebnisse (Polish language - also mentions results etc)". www.kickboxer.de. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
^(PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-05-24.
^"WAKO Full contact Rules" (PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Retrieved 2011-05-24.
^(PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-05-26.
^(PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-04-29.
^(PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-05-26.
^"WAKO Musical Forms Rules" (PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
^(PDF). www.wakoweb.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-05-26.
External links
WAKO World Association of Kickboxing Organizations Official Site
February 13, 2023
world, championships, 1999, were, joint, twelfth, world, kickboxing, championships, other, held, same, year, bishkek, kyrgyzstan, hosted, organization, fifth, championships, world, european, held, italy, open, amateur, women, from, fifty, countries, across, wo. W A K O World Championships 1999 were the joint twelfth world kickboxing championships the other was held the same year in Bishkek Kyrgyzstan hosted by the W A K O organization It was the fifth championships world and European to be held in Italy and was open to amateur men and women from fifty countries across the world W A K O World Championships 1999 Caorle The poster for W A K O World Championships 1999 Caorle InformationPromotionW A K O DateNovember 1999CityCaorle ItalyEvent chronologyW A K O World Championships 1999 Bishkek W A K O World Championships 1999 Caorle W A K O European Championships 2000 Moscow There were five categories available at Caorle much more than at the previous European championships The categories on offer included Full Contact Thai Boxing men only Light Contact Semi Contact and Musical Forms By the end of the championships Belarus was the top nation just about shading second place Russia due to her incredible record in Thai boxing while Italy came in third The event was held in Caorle Italy in November 1999 1 2 Contents 1 Participating Nations 2 Full Contact 2 1 Men s Full Contact Kickboxing Medals Table 2 2 Women s Full Contact Kickboxing Medals Table 3 Thai Boxing 3 1 Men s Thai Boxing Medals Table 4 Light Contact 4 1 Men s Light Contact Kickboxing Medals Table 4 2 Women s Light Contact Kickboxing Medals Table 5 Semi Contact 5 1 Men s Semi Contact Kickboxing Medals Table 5 2 Women s Semi Contact Kickboxing Medals Table 6 Musical Forms 6 1 Men s Musical Forms Medals Table 6 2 Women s Musical Forms Medals Table 7 Overall Medals Standing Top 5 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksParticipating Nations EditThere were fifty nations from five continents across the world participating at the 1999 W A K O World Championships in Caorle 3 Argentina Austria Azerbaijan Bangladesh Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Canada Croatia Cuba Czech Republic Denmark Egypt Estonia Finland France Gabon Georgia Germany Great Britain Greece Hungary Ireland Iran Israel Italy Kazakhstan Lebanon Lithuania Macedonia Morocco Norway Palestine Poland Portugal Republic of Srpska Russia Serbia and Montenegro Slovakia Slovenia South Africa Spain Sweden Switzerland Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Ukraine United States UzbekistanFull Contact EditFull Contact is a form of kickboxing where fights are won primarily by point s decision or referee stoppage with kicks and punches allowed above the waist although unlike professional kickboxing head and body protection is compulsory more detail on Full Contact rules are available on the W A K O website 4 At Caorle the men had twelve weight divisions ranging from 51 kg 112 2 lbs to over 91 kg 200 2 lbs while the women had seven one more than at Leverkusen ranging from 48 kg 105 6 lbs to over 70 kg 143 lbs with an extra weight class being added 70 kg Notable winners in this category included Mariusz Cieslinski who won his third W A K O world championship gold medal 5 Aleksandr Povetkin who would go to achieve greater renown as a pro boxer and Natascha Ragosina who would later become a multiple world champion in women s boxing By the end of the championships Russia were easily the dominant nation in Full Contact winning five gold medals three silver and three bronze in total 6 Men s Full Contact Kickboxing Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver BronzeLight Bantamweight 51 kg Nurzhan Erbusinov Nikolaj Bolotnikov Damian Lawniczak Artem Kashkurtsev Bantamweight 54 kg Mariusz Cieslinski Ihor Pavlenko Jimmi Lillie Kenneth Johansen Featherweight 57 kg Thomas Karlsson Marat Erdenov Patrick Salamon Rocco Cipriano Lightweight 60 kg Tarik Madni Dubier Migi Giampaolo Spano Achmed Oligov Light Welterweight 63 5 kg Oleksandr Filonenko Marco Seifert Robert Arvai Badre Belhaja Welterweight 67 kg Terje Arildsen Youssef Lattaoui Mariusz Zietek Mirza Barijaktarevic Light Middleweight 71 kg Thomas Kristiansen Robert Nowak Tony Cote Salko Zildzic Middleweight 75 kg Pasi Rantala Yerzhan Shegenov Oleg Ktenin Stanislav Sestak Light Heavyweight 81 kg Aleksei Solovjov Vitaly Samusenko Alessio Rondelli Slobodan Marinkovic Cruiserweight 86 kg Igor Shevel Dmitri Vorobjov Jan Reinmann Goran Scekici Heavyweight 91 kg Havag Mankiev Imre Gergely Gergely Csolle Joan Latsonas Super Heavyweight 91 kg Aleksandr Povetkin Patrik Matejka Josip Bodrozic Steve Boyd Women s Full Contact Kickboxing Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver BronzeBantamweight 48 kg Oksana Ivasiva Naila Moustafina Veronique Legras Hulya Sahin Featherweight 52 kg Viktoria Rudenko Mina Duoujji Goranka Blagojevici Elena Kazpatcheva Lightweight 56 kg Henriette Birkeland Tatiana Tchalaja Marion Fiedler Ayse Rita Stevens Middleweight 60 kg Anna Kasprzak Julia Voskoboinik Fatima Rguig Julie Nemtsova Light Heavyweight 65 kg Tanja Vujic Izina Sinetskaja Csilla Bodo Kelly Morse Heavyweight 70 kg Ivana Derdic Bojana Trajkovic Tania Van Zyl Super Heavyweight 70 kg Natascha Ragosina Kabira Rochai Joanne Brooks Kateryna Vlasova Thai Boxing EditThe most physical type of kickboxing available at W A K O championships Thai boxing more commonly known as Muay Thai allows the contestants to kick punch use elbows and knees in an attempt to win their matches often by a point s decision or via a referee stoppage Unlike the professional version W A K O amateur events enforce the wearing of head body and leg protection by the competitors In Caorle only men were allowed to participate in Thai boxing with twelve weight classes ranging from 51 kg 112 2 lbs to over 91 kg 200 2 lbs Notable winners in the style included future pro world champions Vasily Shish Dmitry Shakuta and Vitali Akhramenko with their nation Belarus being by far the strongest nation in Thai boxing winning eight gold and two bronze medals 7 Even more incredible was the fact that seven of these winners all trained together at the Kick Fighter Gym in Minsk 8 Men s Thai Boxing Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver BronzeLight Bantamweight 51 kg Dmitry Koren Ahmad Shaikho Alberto Costa Dragan Durmic Bantamweight 54 kg Alexei Pekarchik Sergey Smananskiy Ayman Saleh Joszef Rebrei Featherweight 57 kg Evgeny Gvozdev Oleksiy Neskyy Rachid Boumalek Ehsan Rastegar Mogadam Lightweight 60 kg Sergei Shishlov Gennadiy Papu Oleksiy Filinonov Giorgo Chakvetadze Light Welterweight 63 5 kg Vasily Shish Alexandr Pogozelov Andriy Rassolov Behroz Rastegar Mogadam Welterweight 67 kg Fikri Tijarti Miguel Marques Maksyn Gayda Yory Bulat Light Middleweight 71 kg Dmitry Shakuta Leonid Lyebyedyev Christian Daghio Khalid Hanine Middleweight 75 kg Vitali Akhramenko Magomed Kamilov Francisco Fujaco Milovan Gasic Light Heavyweight 81 kg Ahmed Maskom Maksym Neledva Ivan Tolkachev Yannick Kahyaoglu Cruiserweight 86 kg Andrei Zelenevsky Towidi Mohamadaga No bronze medallists recordedHeavyweight 91 kg Sergiy Arknipov Basir Demir No bronze medallists recordedSuper Heavyweight 91 kg Sergey Morozov Rafi Omrad Oskar Kohmanov Rachid Ouzagour Light Contact EditLight Contact is a form of kickboxing that is less physical than Full Contact but more so than Semi Contact and is often seen as a transition between the two Contestants score points on the basis of speed and technique over brute force although stoppages can occur although as with other amateur forms head and body protection must be worn more detail on Light Contact rules can be found on the official W A K O website 9 The men had nine weight divisions ranging from 57 kg 125 4 lbs to over 94 kg 206 8 lbs with several new weight divisions at the top end of the scale while the women had five ranging from 50 kg 110 lbs to over 65 kg 143 lbs Not exactly full of recognizable names the most notable winners in this category were Klaus Wilkinson and Boris Zalyotkin in the men s both having won gold at the last European championships and in the women s Rita Pesuth who won her second gold medal at Caorle having also won in Semi Contact Poland were the top nation in Light Contact winning three gold three silver and four bronze medals 10 Men s Light Contact Kickboxing Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver Bronze 57 kg Dezso Debreczeni Rafal Kaluzny Danijel Mrkoci Erdinc Albayoglu 63 kg Dawid Kowalski Jorge Coelho Rouslan Agloulline Amjane Abaelaziz 69 kg Alexandr Maslov Eirik Gundersen Andreas Hahn Ramadani Besnik 74 kg Boris Zalyotkin Rafal Petertil Matt Perrins Mirko Greppo 79 kg Alexandr Dmitzienko Zoltan Dancso Chris McBride Dirk Lewandowski 84 kg Martin Albers Mirko Borkovic Marek Marszal Laszlo Toth 89 kg Klaus Wilkinson William Eaves Rjobert Budnicki Marco Tagliaferri 94 kg Michal Wszelak Christian Andreoletti Andrej Rybaltchenko Toni Turk 94 kg Wojciech Szczerbinski Gianmario Franchina Stefan Oscarsson Alexander Major Women s Light Contact Kickboxing Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver Bronze 50 kg Diana Szkagyi Julia Tzotimova Manuela Fugazza Julita Tkaczyk 55 kg Rita Pesuth Marzia Davide Tetyana Mymrykova Rada Matsonen 60 kg Barbara Plazzoli Sanja Stunja Rajsima Nuzislamova Maike Golzenleuchter 65 kg Helene Horlaville Annamaria Sisonna Katarina Zuvic Julia Grassini 65 kg Sallie McArdle Karolina Lukasik Anja Renfordt Stamena Milicevici Semi Contact EditSemi Contact is a form of kickboxing in which fights were won by points given due to technique skill and speed with physical force limited and as with other forms of amateur kickboxing head and body protection is worn more information on Semi Contact can be found on the W A K O website 11 The men had eight weight divisions ranging from 57 kg 125 4 lbs to over 94 kg 206 8 lbs while the women had five ranging from 50 kg 110 lbs to over 65 kg 143 lbs The most notable winner was Rita Pesuth who also won gold at the same event in Light Contact making her a double winner Italy was the top country in the style winning six golds and four bronzes 12 Men s Semi Contact Kickboxing Medals Table Edit 79kg Roland Conar Croatia Preston Clemens USA Event Gold Silver Bronze 57 kg Gianpaolo Calajo Rafal Kaluzny Danijel Mrkoci Hachgen Muchusekov 63 kg Andrea Misiani Hasan Cataltas Davorin Gabrovel Adilson Babtista 69 kg Jason Facey Artur Cholewa Ilija Salerno Thomas Pfaffl 74 kg Corey Cain Nikos Memos Hudoba Tamas Ralph Hafner 84 kg Mike Pombiero Laszlo Toth Emanuele Bozzolani Ozcan Arslan 89 kg Chris McBride Clifton Finaley Roberto Montuoro Robert Devane 94 kg Marcello Tomasini Dean Furestenberg Michael Steier Bernard Paqoet 94 kg Marco Culiersi Mesut Celik Emmanuel St Louis Rudiger Miller Women s Semi Contact Kickboxing Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver Bronze 50 kg Samantha Aquilano Amanda Quansah Sabine Seifert Julia Tzotimova 55 kg Rita Pesuth Gonca Thurm Angela Caldera Tiziana Boscolo 60 kg Luisa Lico Agnes Tapai Carla Ribeiro Melanie Moder 65 kg Kierston Shelby Anita Madsen Patrizia Berlingeri Elaine Fowler 65 kg Nicola Corbett Nadja Sibila Oksana Kinach Elisabetta Degani Musical Forms EditMusical Forms is a non physical competition which sees the contestants fighting against imaginary foes using Martial Arts techniques more information on the style can be found on the W A K O website 13 The men and women competed in four different styles explained below Hard Styles coming from Karate and Taekwondo Soft Styles coming from Kung Fu and Wu Sha Hard Styles with Weapons using weapons such as Kama Sai Tonfa Nunchaku Bō Katana Soft Styles with Weapons using weapons such as Naginata Nunchaku Tai Chi Chuan Sword Whip Chain The most notable winners were Olga Valentinova who was a double winner in Musical Forms and Alexei Pekarchik who also won gold in Thai boxing By the end of the championships United States were the top nation with four golds one silver and two bronze medals 14 Men s Musical Forms Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver BronzeHard Styles Jon Valera Christian Brell Christophe Carrio Soft Styles Anthony De Marco Paulo Santana Alexei Pekarchik Artur Frelke Hard Styles with Weapons Jon Valera Christian Brell Christophe Carrio Soft Styles with Weapons Georg Filimonov Anthony De Marco Artur Frelke Alexei Pekarchik Women s Musical Forms Medals Table Edit Event Gold Silver BronzeHard Styles Karyne Belanger Sandra Hess Stephanie Flowers Soft Styles Olga Valentinova Sorokina Svetlana Angie Caldera Hard Styles with Weapons Casey Marks Sandra Hess Mahoro Drija Soft Styles with Weapons Olga Valentinova Valeria Smirnova Ewa Sliwa Overall Medals Standing Top 5 EditRanking Country Gold Silver Bronze 1 Belarus 11 2 42 Russia 10 8 83 Italy 7 4 104 United States 7 3 95 Poland 4 5 7See also EditList of WAKO Amateur World Championships List of WAKO Amateur European ChampionshipsReferences Edit Caorle Italy 1999 PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 05 24 Offizielle Ergebnisse der WAKO WM in Italien Kickbox Ergebnisse Polish language also mentions results etc www kickboxer de Retrieved 2011 05 28 Caorle Italy 1999 List of Nations PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 05 24 WAKO Full contact Rules PDF www wakoweb com Retrieved 2011 05 24 Mariusz Cieslinski Biografia Polish language www mariuszcieslinski pl Retrieved 2011 05 26 Caorle Italy 1999 Full Contact PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 05 26 Caorle Italy 1999 Thai Boxing PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 05 26 Gym Kick Fighter History of Gym Kick Fighter www muaythai org by Retrieved 2011 05 26 WAKO Light Contact Rules PDF www wakoweb com Retrieved 2011 05 22 Caorle Italy 1999 Light Contact PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 05 26 Semi Contact Rules PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 04 29 Caorle Italy 1999 Semi Contact PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 05 26 WAKO Musical Forms Rules PDF www wakoweb com Retrieved 2011 05 28 Caorle Italy 1999 Semi Contact PDF www wakoweb com Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 26 Retrieved 2011 05 26 External links EditWAKO World Association of Kickboxing Organizations Official Site Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title W A K O World Championships 1999 amp oldid 1073185299, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
