Władysław Kazimierz Broniewski (17 December 1897, Płock – 10 February 1962, Warsaw) was a Polish poet, writer, translator and soldier. Known for his revolutionary and patriotic writings.
When Poland was attacked in 1939 by Germany, he wrote an important poem encouraging Poles to put away political differences and fight the aggressors. After Poland was invaded by the Soviet Union, Broniewski found himself in Soviet-occupied Lwów. His poems were printed in a Soviet-published newspaper, but he was soon arrested by the NKVD on trumped-up charges of "hooliganism". He refused to co-operate with the NKVD and after four months was transported to the Lubianka prison in Moscow, where he stayed for thirteen months.[3][1] Afterwards, he worked at the Polish embassy in Kuybyshev.[4] He left the Soviet Union with the Polish army led by General Władysław Anders and through Iran came to Iraq and then Palestine.[5]
After World War II and the establishment of the Polish People's Republic, he compromised by writing in 1951 a poem Słowo o Stalinie ('A Word about Stalin'). Subsequently, Broniewski became an important political figure and was proclaimed a foremost national poet by the authorities. He still managed to preserve a certain degree of independence, and some of his poems from this period are a testimony to his talent. He had also been an accomplished translator of poetry and prose, translating, among others, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Sergei Yesenin, Vladimir Mayakovsky, and Bertolt Brecht.
During the last years of Broniewski's life, his health had been ruined by alcohol abuse. He died in Warsaw.
Poetryedit
Broniewski's poetry deals with problems of human life in the context of historical events, such as wars and revolutions (for example, the Paris Commune), and with questions of justice, fight for freedom, patriotism and personal suffering. This last aspect is evident in the cycle Anka, dedicated to the memory of tragically deceased poet's daughter Anna, who was gas-poisoned on 1 September 1954 (often compared to Jan Kochanowski's Laments). Another important Broniewski's poem is Ballady i romanse, alluding to the title of Adam Mickiewicz's collection. Ballady i romanse is about the Holocaust. Its hero is a thirteen years old Jewish girl Ryfka, who dies together with Jesus Christ shot by the Nazis. Broniewski was conservative regarding poetic form. He used classical forms of verse, traditional metres and stanzas. He often employed the dactylic metre.[6]
Poetry collectionsedit
Wiatraki (1925)
Dymy nad miastem (1927)
Troska i pieśń (1932)
Krzyk ostateczny (1938)
Bagnet na broń (1943)
Drzewo rozpaczające (1945)
Nadzieja (1951)
Anka (1956)
Notesedit
^ abMiłość, wódka, polityka, czyli biografia Broniewskiego at PolskieRadio.pl
^Spis oficerów służących czynnie w dniu 1.6.1921 r. Dodatek do Dziennika Personalnego M.S.Wojsk. Nr 37 z 24 września 1921 r. pp. 21, 568.
Media related to Władysław Broniewski at Wikimedia Commons
Władysław Broniewski at Culture.pl
December 02, 2023
władysław, broniewski, władysław, kazimierz, broniewski, december, 1897, płock, february, 1962, warsaw, polish, poet, writer, translator, soldier, known, revolutionary, patriotic, writings, broniewski, soldier, polish, legions, world, ibroniewski, after, arres. Wladyslaw Kazimierz Broniewski 17 December 1897 Plock 10 February 1962 Warsaw was a Polish poet writer translator and soldier Known for his revolutionary and patriotic writings Wladyslaw BroniewskiBroniewski as a soldier of Polish Legions in World War IBroniewski after arrest by the NKVD in 1940 Contents 1 Life 2 Poetry 3 Poetry collections 4 Notes 5 Honours and awards 6 Further reading 7 External linksLife editHe was the son of Antoni a bank clerk As a young man Broniewski joined in 1915 the legions of Jozef Pilsudski 1 As a member of the 1st Legions Infantry Regiment he participated in the Polish Soviet War and in 1920 fought in the Battle of Bialystok 2 He was decorated for bravery with the order of Virtuti Militari Broniewski developed leftist sympathies and by the late 1920s he was a revolutionary poet In summer 1931 he was arrested during a literary meeting of writers connected with the Communist Party of Poland KPP along with Jan Hempel and Aleksander Wat He was helped by Boleslaw Wieniawa Dlugoszowski 3 When Poland was attacked in 1939 by Germany he wrote an important poem encouraging Poles to put away political differences and fight the aggressors After Poland was invaded by the Soviet Union Broniewski found himself in Soviet occupied Lwow His poems were printed in a Soviet published newspaper but he was soon arrested by the NKVD on trumped up charges of hooliganism He refused to co operate with the NKVD and after four months was transported to the Lubianka prison in Moscow where he stayed for thirteen months 3 1 Afterwards he worked at the Polish embassy in Kuybyshev 4 He left the Soviet Union with the Polish army led by General Wladyslaw Anders and through Iran came to Iraq and then Palestine 5 After World War II and the establishment of the Polish People s Republic he compromised by writing in 1951 a poem Slowo o Stalinie A Word about Stalin Subsequently Broniewski became an important political figure and was proclaimed a foremost national poet by the authorities He still managed to preserve a certain degree of independence and some of his poems from this period are a testimony to his talent He had also been an accomplished translator of poetry and prose translating among others Fyodor Dostoevsky Sergei Yesenin Vladimir Mayakovsky and Bertolt Brecht During the last years of Broniewski s life his health had been ruined by alcohol abuse He died in Warsaw Poetry editBroniewski s poetry deals with problems of human life in the context of historical events such as wars and revolutions for example the Paris Commune and with questions of justice fight for freedom patriotism and personal suffering This last aspect is evident in the cycle Anka dedicated to the memory of tragically deceased poet s daughter Anna who was gas poisoned on 1 September 1954 often compared to Jan Kochanowski s Laments Another important Broniewski s poem is Ballady i romanse alluding to the title of Adam Mickiewicz s collection Ballady i romanse is about the Holocaust Its hero is a thirteen years old Jewish girl Ryfka who dies together with Jesus Christ shot by the Nazis Broniewski was conservative regarding poetic form He used classical forms of verse traditional metres and stanzas He often employed the dactylic metre 6 Poetry collections editWiatraki 1925 Dymy nad miastem 1927 Troska i piesn 1932 Krzyk ostateczny 1938 Bagnet na bron 1943 Drzewo rozpaczajace 1945 Nadzieja 1951 Anka 1956 Notes edit a b Milosc wodka polityka czyli biografia Broniewskiego at PolskieRadio pl Spis oficerow sluzacych czynnie w dniu 1 6 1921 r Dodatek do Dziennika Personalnego M S Wojsk Nr 37 z 24 wrzesnia 1921 r pp 21 568 a b Wat Aleksander 1990 Moj wiek Warsaw a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Czapski Jozef Na nieludzkiej ziemi Wladyslaw Broniewski 1897 12 17 1962 02 10 at granice pl Wiktor Jaroslaw Darasz Polski daktyl Jezyk Polski 3 4 2000 p 257 265 Honours and awards editOrder of the Builders of People s Poland 1955 Silver Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari Commander s Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia RestitutaFurther reading editBroniewski Wladyslaw Pamietnik 1918 1922 Warszawa Panstwowy Instytut Wydawniczy 1987 External links edit nbsp Media related to Wladyslaw Broniewski at Wikimedia Commons Wladyslaw Broniewski at Culture pl Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wladyslaw Broniewski amp oldid 1121246162, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
