This caption provides insufficient context. Please improve this article if you can.(June 2017)
Via Josephina starting obelisk in Karlovac
Vratnik pass, currently a part of the D23 road, was already in use during Roman time as a salt road,[1] and it became important for timber and other goods in the Middle Ages. However, the first well documented road built along the route was Via Josephina named after Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor who commissioned its construction in 1775. Latin inscriptions carved in rock along the original Via Josephina route completed in 1779 testify that the Emperor travelled through the Vratnik pass on horseback when he realized that the route between Senj, as a major fortress on Adriatic coast, and the hinterland was nearly impassable. Legend has it that this happened when he fell from his horse near Vratnik Pass.[2] Even though the incident is impossible to verify, the town of Josipdol to the east of the mountain pass is named after the Holy Roman Emperor.[3]
In 1775, Joseph II indeed commissioned construction of the route, exactly 100 kilometres (62 miles) long, from Vincenc Struppi, a military engineer, and the road, named after the Emperor, was completed in 1779.[4] The original route comprised very steep sections and 20% inclines were not uncommon. There was even one climb at a 30% grade. Because of this the road was modified and extended by 15 kilometres (9.3 miles), in order to remove such steep sections. The first reconstruction was carried out as early as late 18th century, and another one between 1833 and 1845 managed by Field Marshal Josip Filip Vukasović and Josip Kajetan Knežić respectively. Subsequent modifications were not as significant. The road was paved in 1950, when the last minor modifications of the route were executed.[5]
The route was distinguished by mile markers along the route, an obelisk in Karlovac marking the beginning of the road and a specially built gate in Senj marking its end. Most remarkably the original road included a stone bridge across three spans in Tounj, which was expanded during the reconstruction of 1845 and now has two levels. The upper level was destroyed during World War II, but it was rebuilt in the 1950s.
^Boris Banovac; Robert Blažević; Željko Boneta. "Modernizacija (i/ili europeizacija) hrvatske periferije – primjeri Istre, Like i Gorskog Kotara" [Modernization (and/or Europeization) of Croatian Periphery – Examples of Istria, Lika and Gorski Kotar]. Revija za sociologiju (in Croatian). Croatian Sociological Association: 113–141. ISSN 0350-154X. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
^. Velebitske povijesne ceste. Velebit Nature Park. May 18, 2010. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
External linksedit
Media related to Josephina (road) at Wikimedia Commons
January 01, 1970
josephina, road, josephina, croatian, jozefina, jozefinska, cesta, german, josefiner, straße, historic, road, croatia, that, connects, senj, thus, adriatic, coast, karlovac, pannonian, plain, crosses, dinaric, alps, vratnik, pass, metres, feet, above, level, b. The Josephina Croatian Jozefina or Jozefinska cesta German Josefiner Strasse is a historic road in Croatia that connects Senj and thus the Adriatic coast and Karlovac and the Pannonian plain It crosses the Dinaric Alps via the Vratnik pass 700 metres 2 300 feet above sea level between Senj and Brinje and the Kapela Pass between Brinje and Josipdol This caption provides insufficient context Please improve this article if you can June 2017 Via Josephina starting obelisk in Karlovac Vratnik pass currently a part of the D23 road was already in use during Roman time as a salt road 1 and it became important for timber and other goods in the Middle Ages However the first well documented road built along the route was Via Josephina named after Joseph II Holy Roman Emperor who commissioned its construction in 1775 Latin inscriptions carved in rock along the original Via Josephina route completed in 1779 testify that the Emperor travelled through the Vratnik pass on horseback when he realized that the route between Senj as a major fortress on Adriatic coast and the hinterland was nearly impassable Legend has it that this happened when he fell from his horse near Vratnik Pass 2 Even though the incident is impossible to verify the town of Josipdol to the east of the mountain pass is named after the Holy Roman Emperor 3 In 1775 Joseph II indeed commissioned construction of the route exactly 100 kilometres 62 miles long from Vincenc Struppi a military engineer and the road named after the Emperor was completed in 1779 4 The original route comprised very steep sections and 20 inclines were not uncommon There was even one climb at a 30 grade Because of this the road was modified and extended by 15 kilometres 9 3 miles in order to remove such steep sections The first reconstruction was carried out as early as late 18th century and another one between 1833 and 1845 managed by Field Marshal Josip Filip Vukasovic and Josip Kajetan Knezic respectively Subsequent modifications were not as significant The road was paved in 1950 when the last minor modifications of the route were executed 5 The route was distinguished by mile markers along the route an obelisk in Karlovac marking the beginning of the road and a specially built gate in Senj marking its end Most remarkably the original road included a stone bridge across three spans in Tounj which was expanded during the reconstruction of 1845 and now has two levels The upper level was destroyed during World War II but it was rebuilt in the 1950s References edit Klaic V amp Strcic P 1901 Krcki Knezovi Frankapani in Croatian vol I Zagreb Izdanje Matice Hrvatske ISBN 86 7071 140 0 Josipdol Poslovni Forum in Croatian May 22 2010 Wayward strategy Slobodna Dalmacija in Croatian September 18 2003 Boris Banovac Robert Blazevic Zeljko Boneta Modernizacija i ili europeizacija hrvatske periferije primjeri Istre Like i Gorskog Kotara Modernization and or Europeization of Croatian Periphery Examples of Istria Lika and Gorski Kotar Revija za sociologiju in Croatian Croatian Sociological Association 113 141 ISSN 0350 154X Retrieved 21 June 2012 Karlovac Zuta Lokva Senj Velebitske povijesne ceste Velebit Nature Park May 18 2010 Archived from the original on July 22 2011 Retrieved April 4 2012 External links edit nbsp Media related to Josephina road at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Josephina road amp oldid 1172568115, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
