The vomer is situated in the median plane, but its anterior portion is frequently bent to one side.
It is thin, somewhat quadrilateral in shape, and forms the hinder and lower part of the nasal septum; it has two surfaces and four borders.
The surfaces are marked by small furrows for blood vessels, and on each is the nasopalatine groove, which runs obliquely downward and forward, and lodges the nasopalatine nerve and vessels.
Borders
The superior border, the thickest, presents a deep furrow, bounded on either side by a horizontal projecting expansion of bone – called the wing of vomer; the furrow receives the rostrum of the sphenoid, while the margins of the alae articulate with the vaginal processes of the medial pterygoid plates of the sphenoid behind, and with the sphenoidal processes of the palatine bones in front.
The inferior border articulates with the crest formed by the maxillæ and palatine bones.
The anterior border is the longest and slopes downward and forward. Its upper half is fused with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid; its lower half is grooved for the inferior margin of the septal cartilage of the nose.
The posterior border is free of bony articulation, having no muscle attachments. It is concave, separates the choanae, and is thick and bifid above, thin below.
It also articulates with the septal cartilage of the nose.
Vomeronasal organ
The vomeronasal organ, also called Jacobson's organ, is a chemoreceptor organ named for its closeness to the vomer and nasal bones, and is particularly developed in animals such as cats (who adopt a characteristic pose called the Flehmen reaction or flehming when making use of it), and is thought to have to do with the perception of certain pheromones.
In other animals
In bony fish, the vomers are flattened, paired, bones forming the anterior part of the roof of the mouth, just behind the premaxillary bones. In many species, they have teeth, supplementing those in the jaw proper; in some labyrinthodonts (extinct amphibians) the teeth on the vomers were actually larger than the primary set. In amphibians and reptiles, the vomers become narrower, due to the presence of the enlarged choanae (the inner part of the nostrils) on either side, and they may extend further back in the jaw. They are typically small in birds, where they form the upper hind part of the beak, again being located between the choanae.[4]
In some living salamanders, including the mudpuppy, the maxilla is absent and therefore the vomerine teeth fulfill a major functional role in the upper jaw.[5]
In mammals, the vomers have become narrower still, and are fused into a single, vertically oriented bone. The development of the hard palate beneath the vomer means that the bone is now located in a nasal chamber, separate from the mouth.[4]
Additional images
Median wall of left nasal cavity showing vomer in situ.
The vomer.
Base of skull. Inferior surface.
Sagittal section of skull.
Vomer
Vomer
See also
Choana – Each of two openings from the nasal cavity to the throat
^Entry "vomer" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
^Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 52
^ abRomer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 220–243. ISBN0-03-910284-X.
^Holman, J. Alan (2006). Fossil salamanders of North America. Indiana University Press. ISBN0-253-34732-7. OCLC 62732645.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vomer.
Anatomy photo:33:st-0232 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Nasal Cavity: Bones"
Anatomy figure: 33:02-03 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Diagram of skeleton of medial (septal) nasal wall."
lesson9 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (nasalseptumbonescarti)
Atlas image: rsa1p7 at the University of Michigan Health System – "Nasal septum, lateral view"
. Roche Lexicon – illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2012-12-27.
. Roche Lexicon – illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22.
January 07, 2023
vomer, vomer, latin, vomer, ploughshare, unpaired, facial, bones, skull, located, midsagittal, line, articulates, with, sphenoid, ethmoid, left, right, palatine, bones, left, right, maxillary, bones, vomer, forms, inferior, part, nasal, septum, humans, with, s. The vomer ˈ v oʊ m er 1 2 Latin vomer lit ploughshare is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull It is located in the midsagittal line and articulates with the sphenoid the ethmoid the left and right palatine bones and the left and right maxillary bones The vomer forms the inferior part of the nasal septum in humans with the superior part formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone 3 The name is derived from the Latin word for a ploughshare and the shape of the bone VomerVomer labeled at left Bones and cartilages of septum of nose Right side Vomer visible at bottom left DetailsIdentifiersLatinVomerMeSHD055172TA98A02 1 11 001TA2751FMA9710Anatomical terms of bone edit on Wikidata Contents 1 In humans 1 1 Borders 1 2 Articulations 2 Vomeronasal organ 3 In other animals 4 Additional images 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksIn humans EditThe vomer is situated in the median plane but its anterior portion is frequently bent to one side It is thin somewhat quadrilateral in shape and forms the hinder and lower part of the nasal septum it has two surfaces and four borders The surfaces are marked by small furrows for blood vessels and on each is the nasopalatine groove which runs obliquely downward and forward and lodges the nasopalatine nerve and vessels Borders Edit The superior border the thickest presents a deep furrow bounded on either side by a horizontal projecting expansion of bone called the wing of vomer the furrow receives the rostrum of the sphenoid while the margins of the alae articulate with the vaginal processes of the medial pterygoid plates of the sphenoid behind and with the sphenoidal processes of the palatine bones in front The inferior border articulates with the crest formed by the maxillae and palatine bones The anterior border is the longest and slopes downward and forward Its upper half is fused with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid its lower half is grooved for the inferior margin of the septal cartilage of the nose The posterior border is free of bony articulation having no muscle attachments It is concave separates the choanae and is thick and bifid above thin below Articulations Edit The human vomer articulates with six bones two of the cranium the sphenoid and ethmoid four of the face two maxillae and two palatine bones It also articulates with the septal cartilage of the nose Vomeronasal organ EditThe vomeronasal organ also called Jacobson s organ is a chemoreceptor organ named for its closeness to the vomer and nasal bones and is particularly developed in animals such as cats who adopt a characteristic pose called the Flehmen reaction or flehming when making use of it and is thought to have to do with the perception of certain pheromones In other animals EditIn bony fish the vomers are flattened paired bones forming the anterior part of the roof of the mouth just behind the premaxillary bones In many species they have teeth supplementing those in the jaw proper in some labyrinthodonts extinct amphibians the teeth on the vomers were actually larger than the primary set In amphibians and reptiles the vomers become narrower due to the presence of the enlarged choanae the inner part of the nostrils on either side and they may extend further back in the jaw They are typically small in birds where they form the upper hind part of the beak again being located between the choanae 4 In some living salamanders including the mudpuppy the maxilla is absent and therefore the vomerine teeth fulfill a major functional role in the upper jaw 5 In mammals the vomers have become narrower still and are fused into a single vertically oriented bone The development of the hard palate beneath the vomer means that the bone is now located in a nasal chamber separate from the mouth 4 Additional images Edit Median wall of left nasal cavity showing vomer in situ The vomer Base of skull Inferior surface Sagittal section of skull Vomer VomerSee also EditChoana Each of two openings from the nasal cavity to the throat Anatomy portalThis article uses anatomical terminology References Edit This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 170 of the 20th edition of Gray s Anatomy 1918 OED 2nd edition 1989 Entry vomer in Merriam Webster Online Dictionary Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck Fehrenbach and Herring Elsevier 2012 page 52 a b Romer Alfred Sherwood Parsons Thomas S 1977 The Vertebrate Body Philadelphia PA Holt Saunders International pp 220 243 ISBN 0 03 910284 X Holman J Alan 2006 Fossil salamanders of North America Indiana University Press ISBN 0 253 34732 7 OCLC 62732645 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vomer Anatomy photo 33 st 0232 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center Nasal Cavity Bones Anatomy figure 33 02 03 at Human Anatomy Online SUNY Downstate Medical Center Diagram of skeleton of medial septal nasal wall lesson9 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman Georgetown University nasalseptumbonescarti Atlas image rsa1p7 at the University of Michigan Health System Nasal septum lateral view Anatomy diagram 34256 000 1 Roche Lexicon illustrated navigator Elsevier Archived from the original on 2012 12 27 Anatomy diagram 34257 000 1 Roche Lexicon illustrated navigator Elsevier Archived from the original on 2012 07 22 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Vomer amp oldid 1124932666, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
