Utah Girls Football League
The Utah Girls Tackle Football League (GFL) is the first all-girls youth American football league in the world, founded as a nonprofit in March 2015.[1][2] The league is currently in its tenth season.[3] The GFL consists of three age divisions: elementary (grades three–six), junior high (grades seven–nine), and a high school division (grades ten–twelve).[4][5] There are over 600 players spread across 32 teams;[6] 35% of them are minorities.[7] Everyone in the league apart from the match officials is a volunteer.[8]
| Abbreviation | GFL |
|---|---|
| Formation | Founded 2015 |
| Founded at | Salt Lake County, Utah |
| Type | Youth Sports League |
| Legal status | Nonprofit |
| Purpose | Gender equality in American football |
Region | Salt Lake County |
Commissioner | Crystal Sacco |
| Samantha Rapoport et al. | |
Key people | Sam Gordon |
| Affiliations | USA Football |
| Website | utahgirlstacklefootball.com |
History edit
Creation as a nonprofit edit
In 2014, two years after Sam Gordon's football highlight video went viral, she posed a question at a school assembly she attended, asking which girls would be interested in playing tackle football and reportedly "dozens of hands went up."[9] This interest caused Gordon and her father, an attorney, to look into starting a league of their own. They contacted a former offensive lineman for the Utah Jynx Women's Football team, Crystal Sacco, who was already making steps to start an all-girls youth league in the area.[10] They also called USA Football Director of Football Development Samantha Rapoport for help.[11] Sacco would go on to become the commissioner of the league and Rapoport would become a member of the board of directors.[11]
In early 2015, with the assistance of a few local professional women's football players, Gordon and her father founded the GFL as a non-profit.[12] It is the first known full-contact all-girls youth tackle football league ever.[13] According to the organizers, the league filled up completely just three days after sign-ups began.[11] Around 50 fifth and sixth-graders took part in the inaugural season, which was just four-weeks, compared to the current nine-week season.[9]
Media coverage edit
The GFL gained national acclaim when it started in 2015, and has seen nationwide news coverage.[14][15][16][17] The league has received both praise and criticism.[18][19][20] While most news organizations initially simply reported on it being the first of its kind, some media companies have taken a specific stance on the league.[21][22] ESPN, for example, aired a segment in which the safety of the league was called into question.[23] In the segment, they brought on a medical doctor who said that there is heightened risk of concussions for children and perhaps even further risk for girls.[24][25] Others, however, have pushed praise onto the league, encouraging their audience to sign up.[26]
In 2020, two teams from the GFL played an exhibition match as the NFL Pro Bowl half time show. The teams had players representing seventeen different Utah high schools.[27][28]
A documentary short about the league titled First Down was released in 2022 at multiple film festivals across the U.S and received a favorable review in the Washington Post.[29]
Lawsuit to create public school-affiliated all-girls tackle football teams edit
In June 2017, Sam Gordon and her father, alongside five other GFL players (and their parents), filed a class action lawsuit against three local school districts to force public high schools to offer girls’ football in the Salt Lake Valley.[30] Gordon spoke about the difficulties that girls who want to play tackle football face, saying that when she played with boys "I had a target on my back, and it was in the shape of a ponytail." As the only girl in the Ute conference youth tackle football league, she heard parents from opposing teams urge their kids to “beat the girl.”[31]
The lawsuit used Title IX as justification and received national coverage.[32] The two-week trial featured testimony from girls who played and suffered a range of experiences, including assault and exclusion.[33] Gordon and the plaintiffs claimed girls were not offered equal opportunities in the districts’ football teams, and should be offered separate football teams. As the girls were from the Granite, Jordan and Canyons school district, those were the districts that were named as the defendants (in addition to the Utah Attorney General's Office).[34]
In 2021, U.S. District Court Judge Howard Nielson ruled in favor of the defendants. The judge stated that Utah school districts are not required to create a separate sport for girls interested in playing football, as girls who want to play can play on the existing boys teams.[35][36] Nielson went on to say that “The mere fact that Defendants do not provide separate football teams for boys and girls is not discrimination on the basis of sex. To the contrary, it is undisputed that girls are permitted to play football and do in fact play, albeit in extremely limited numbers."[37] The Federal ruling judged that constitutional and Title IX rights were not violated by the defendants.[34]
The lawsuit was appealed in 2022 to the Tenth Circuit.[38] The appeals court stated that the original decision by the lower courts was an error and the case should be reclassified. Additionally, the appeals court said that the lower courts should have allowed the lawsuit to be a class action lawsuit. The appeals court sent the case back to the district court for further review.[39] In 2023, the appeal was settled. A joint statement by the plaintiffs said that "the settlement agreement represents the parties’ efforts to advance the goals of Title IX by increasing opportunities for girls to participate in sports and by increasing participation by girls in sports."[40] The settlement required several policy changes and actions for the school districts, including the creation of a Title IX athletic coordinator, requiring every junior high and high school in Canyons, Jordan, and Granite districts to have a liaison that handles emerging sports, as well as a recurring survey by the districts asking students about their level of interest in sports. The districts must aim to boost the presence of girls' sports across elementary, middle, junior, and high school tiers. Such initiatives involve organizing registration gatherings, featuring sports details in various communication channels, showcasing girls' club sports and emerging sports on school websites, and allowing students who are interested in girls’ sports to apply to become a student-led club sport and be able to request the use of school facilities.[40]
Districts edit
GFL is split into six districts, Herriman, Bingham, Riverton/Utah County, West Jordan/Copper Hills, West Granite/Davis County, and Canyons/East Granite/Murray. Each division consists of three teams which are further divided by age: elementary (grades 3–6), junior high (grades 7–9), and High School (grades 10–12).[41] These districts compete against one another at their corresponding age level.[5]
Corporate structure edit
The GFL is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization and is run by a board of directors.[42] The league's board of directors is responsible for electing a Commissioner. The current president of the league is Crystal Sacco.[43][44] According to the rules of the GFL, the president is "responsible for coordinating and running meetings, maintaining league records, initiating the scheduling process, revising and distributing league rules, monitoring the registration process, and acting as the final arbiter of any disputes that might arise."[42]
Any formal propositions to change any league methods, procedures, systems or other major decisions are affirmed by a greater part vote of the Board of Directors present at the meeting at which the vote is taken.[42] If necessary, the Commissioner of the league will vote to break the tie.[42][non-primary source needed] The GFL only employees volunteers who do not receive pay for their work/contributions to the league, the exception to this being the official game referees.[citation needed] Coaches for the league are volunteers and must be USA Football Heads-Up certified.[42]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ KGO (2015-05-26). "First known all-girls tackle football league kicks off in Utah". ABC7 San Francisco. from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
- ^ "1st known all-girls tackle football league formed in Utah". Sports Illustrated. Associated Press. May 26, 2015. from the original on 2021-06-26. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
- ^ "Girls tackle football? Yeah, it's happening". from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ Bredahl, Cole. "Utah Girls Tackle Football League Creates Opportunities to Play". blogs.usafootball.com. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
- ^ a b "Utah Girls Tackle Football League". Utah Girls Tackle Football League. from the original on 2017-03-01. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ "Utah native pairs with Under Armour to spotlight female football players". ABC4 Utah. 2022-03-03. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
- ^ "This Football League Was Built For Girls Who Love To Hit". Deadspin. from the original on 2019-09-06. Retrieved 2019-09-07.
- ^ "Public Relations | Utah". UTCREATIVE. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
- ^ a b Gregory, Sean (June 25, 2015). "Girls Can Tackle Football, Too". Time. from the original on 2020-10-27. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
- ^ "Utah's Girls Tackle Football League will play at the Pro Bowl". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
- ^ a b c Mandell, Nina (2015-05-21). "A group of fifth and sixth grade girls are getting a tackle football league of their own". For The Win. from the original on 2021-07-14. Retrieved 2021-07-14.
- ^ Bachman, Rachel (2017-09-05). "Girls Who Love Football Rush Into Their Own Leagues". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. from the original on 2021-07-13. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
- ^ May 25, Jay Dortzbach | Posted-; P.m, 2015 at 6:32. "Utah hosts first girls-only tackle football league". www.ksl.com. from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Viral football star joins 1st tackle league for girls - CNN Video, from the original on 2017-03-18, retrieved 2017-03-17
- ^ Dicker, Ron (2015-05-22). "There's Going To Be A Tackle Football League For Little Girls In Utah". Huffington Post. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ Mandell, Nina (2015-05-21). "A group of fifth and sixth grade girls are getting a tackle football league of their own". For The Win. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ Vance, Morgan (2015-05-24). "Tackle football league for girls kicks off in West Jordan". fox13now.com. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ "Girls Tackle Football League Is a Big Hit". NBC News. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ "Girls tackle football? Yeah, it's happening". from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-19.
- ^ "The First All-Girls Tackle Football League Debuts in Utah". Good Housekeeping. 2015-06-01. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ Studios, BR. "Sam Gordon Paved the Way for 1st All-Girls Tackle Football League". Bleacher Report. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ "Phenom Sam Gordon Set To Star In First Girls Tackle Football League". espnW. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ . ESPN. Archived from the original on 2015-08-06. Retrieved 2017-03-19.
- ^ "Amid the concussion crisis, a girl's tackle football league was formed in Utah. The question remains: is it safe?". ESPN on Twitter. from the original on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-03-19.
- ^ "Amid the concussion crisis, a girl's tackle football league for ages 10-13 was established in Utah. The question remains: is it safe?". ESPN on Facebook. from the original on 2021-09-04. Retrieved 2021-09-04.
- ^ LAKANA (2017-03-02). "How Your Daughters Can Play Tackle Football". GOOD4UTAH. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-19.
- ^ Dreossi, Morgan (January 18, 2020). "PEPSI TAILGATE AT PRO BOWL TO HIGHLIGHT GAMEDAY FAN ACTIVITIES AT CAMPING WORLD STADIUM". NFL Communications. from the original on 2021-03-01. Retrieved 2021-01-18.
- ^ Vejar, Alex (January 24, 2020). "Utah's Girls Tackle Football League will play at the Pro Bowl". The Salt Lake Tribune. from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved 2021-01-18.
- ^ Free, Cathy (2022-08-08). "How full-contact tackle football became 'therapy' for these girls". Washington Post.
- ^ Eric, Adelson (June 26, 2017). "Sam Gordon – remember her? – files lawsuit to make girls high school football a reality". Yahoo! Sports. from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2021.
- ^ Eppolito, Sophia (October 27, 2020). "Female football star sues for schools to offer girls' teams". chicagotribune.com. from the original on 2021-07-14. Retrieved 2021-07-14.
- ^ Cam, Smith (June 28, 2017). "One-time female youth football phenom is suing to create HS girls football league in Utah". from the original on July 1, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ^ Edward, James (2020-12-30). "Beehive State high school sports year in review". Deseret News. from the original on 2021-01-24. Retrieved 2021-01-18.
- ^ a b "Federal Judge: Constitutional and Title IX Rights Not Violated for Access to Girls in Football". Utah Attorney General. 2021-03-02. from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
- ^ Gaydos, Ryan (2021-03-03). "Sam Gordon, viral football star, loses bid to have Utah school districts create all-girls teams". Fox News. from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
- ^ Whitehurst, Lindsay; Eppolito, Sophia (March 2, 2021). "Judge: Utah schools don't need to offer girls' football". Spokesman. Associated Press. from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
- ^ Vejar, Alex (2021-03-01). "Federal judge rules against girls trying to create sanctioned, separate high school football in Utah". The Salt Lake Tribune. from the original on 2021-04-20. Retrieved 2021-04-20.
- ^ Vejar, Alex (2022-05-25). "Utah's Sam Gordon was a viral star at 9. Now she's in leadership of a pro football league for women". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
- ^ Jeppesen, Randall (2023-01-17). "Girls' tackle football lawsuit reinstated". KSL News. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
- ^ a b Vejar, Alex (2023-10-13). "Girls' football star Sam Gordon's lawsuit will finally bring changes to some Utah schools". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
- ^ "Utah Girls Tackle Football League". Utah Girls Tackle Football League. from the original on 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ a b c d e "Utah Girls Tackle Football League Rules". Utah Girls Tackle Football League. from the original on 2017-03-21. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
- ^ "Utah Girls Football League Linked In About". Retrieved 2017-03-21.
- ^ "Utah Girls Football League - About | Facebook". www.facebook.com. from the original on 2021-09-28. Retrieved 2017-03-21.