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Allauddin Khan

October 23, 2023

Allauddin Khan, also known as Baba Allauddin Khan (c. 1862 – 6 September 1972)[1] was an Indian sarod player and multi-instrumentalist, composer and one of the most notable music teachers of the 20th century in Indian classical music.[2][3][4] For a generation many of his students, across different instruments like sitar and violin, dominated Hindustani classical and became one of the most famous exponents of the form ever, including Ravi Shankar and Ali Akbar Khan.

Allauddin Khan
Khan at Burdwan House in Dhaka in 1955
Background information
Bornc. 1862
Shibpur, Bengal Presidency, British India
(now Bangladesh)
Died6 September 1972(1972-09-06) (aged 109–110)
GenresHindustani classical music
Occupation(s)Composer, sarodiya
Instrument(s)Shehnai, sarod, sitar, bansuri
ChildrenAli Akbar Khan ও Annapurna Devi
Signature

Early life Edit

Khan was born to a Bengali Muslim family in Shibpur village in Brahmanbaria (in present-day Bangladesh). His father, Sabdar Hossain Khan, was a musician. Khan took his first music lessons from his elder brother, Fakir Aftabuddin Khan.[5] At age ten, Khan ran away from home to join a jatra party where he was exposed to a variety of folk genres: jari, sari, baul, bhatiyali, kirtan, and panchali.[5]

Khan went to Kolkata, where he met a physician named Kedarnath, who helped him to become a disciple of Gopal Krishna Bhattacharya (also known as Nulo Gopal), a notable musician of Kolkata in 1877.[5][6] Khan practiced sargam for twelve years under his guidance.[5] After the death of Nulo Gopal, Khan turned to instrumental music. He learned to play many indigenous and foreign musical instruments like sitar, flute, piccolo, mandolin, banjo, etc., from Amritalal Dutt, a cousin of Swami Vivekananda and the music director of the Star Theatre. He learnt to play sanai, naquara, tiquara and jagajhampa from Hazari Ustad and pakhawaj, mridang and tabla from Nandababu.[5]

Ali Ahmed referred Allauddin to veena player Wazir Khan.[6][7][8]

Career Edit

 
Khan (middle) with Abbasuddin Ahmed and Qazi Motahar Hossain (1955)

Khan became court musician for the Maharaja of Maihar.[6] Here he laid the foundation of a modern Maihar gharana by developing a number of ragas, combining the bass sitar and bass sarod with more traditional instruments and setting up an orchestra.[6] Before becoming court musician he had come to Maihar and met one Suraj Sahai Saxena in a penniless state. Taking pity on him Suraj Sahai took him in his shelter where lived two odd years and practised music with Shehnai . When Suraj Sahai used to visit Sharda Devi temple in Maihar climbing all the 552 steps, Allauddin Khan used to accompany him and practice Shehnai outside temple precincts . Suraj Sahai had a cousin named Chimmanlal Saxena who was diwan of Maharaja of Maihar. In 1907, Allauddin khan established the Maihar Band, an orchestral group that was taught music to orphaned children.[9] On recommendation of Chimmanlal , he was appointed as court musician of Maharaja of Maihar . In 1935, he toured Europe, along with Uday Shankar's ballet troupe, and later also worked at his institute, Uday Shankar India Culture Centre at Almora for a while.[7] In 1955, Khan established a college of music in Maihar.[6] Some of his recordings are made at the All India Radio in 1959–60.[7]

Awards Edit

Khan was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1958 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1971, India's third and second highest civilian honours,[10] and prior to that in 1954, the Sangeet Natak Akademi awarded him with its highest honour, the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship for lifetime contribution to Indian music.[11]

Legacy Edit

 
Khan on a 1999 stamp of India

Khan's son Ali Akbar Khan, daughter Annapurna Devi, nephew Raja Hossain Khan and grandson Aashish Khan went on to become musicians. His other disciples include Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee, V.G. Jog, Vasant Rai, Shripad Bandopdhyay, Pannalal Ghosh, Bahadur Khan, Rabin Ghosh, Sharan Rani, Nalin Mazumdar, Jotin Bhattacharya, Rajesh Chandra Moitra, David Podiappuhami aka Siyambalapitiyage Don David Podiappuhami [[12]] and W. D. Amaradeva.

Khan's house was in Maihar. This house has been restored by Ambica Beri as part of a development that includes an artists and a writers retreat nearby.[13]

Personal life Edit

Anecdotes about Khan range from throwing a tabla tuning hammer at the Maharaja himself to taking care of disabled beggars. Nikhil Banerjee said that the tough image was "deliberately projected in order not to allow any liberty to the disciple. He was always worried that soft treatment on his part would only spoil them".[14]

Films Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ Clayton, Martin (2001). "Khan, Allauddin". In Sadie, Stanley (ed.). The New Grove dictionary of music and musicians. Vol. 13 (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan Publishers. p. 563. ISBN 978-0-333-60800-5. He is believed by some to have lived to the age of 110, although the conjectural birth date of 1881 is more likely
  2. ^ Lavezzoli, Peter (2006). The Dawn of Indian Music in the West. A&C Black. pp. 67–70. ISBN 978-0-8264-1815-9.
  3. ^ Arnold, Alison, ed. (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia : the Indian subcontinent. Taylor & Francis. pp. 203–204. ISBN 978-0-8240-4946-1.
  4. ^ Broughton, Simon; Ellingham, Mark; McConnachie, James; Duane, Orla, eds. (2000). World Music: The Rough Guide. Vol. 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific. Rough Guides. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-85828-636-5.
  5. ^ a b c d e Islam, Sirajul (2012). "Khan, Ustad Alauddin". In Islam, Sirajul; Khan, Mobarak (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  6. ^ a b c d e Adnan R Amin (23 January 2016). "To burn a mockingbird". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  7. ^ a b c Massey, Reginald; Massey, Jamila (1996). The Music of India. Abhinav Publications. pp. 142–143. ISBN 978-81-7017-332-8.
  8. ^ Ritwik Ghatak(Director) (1963). Ustad Alauddin Khan [Ustad Alauddin Khan] (Documentary). India.[dead YouTube link]
  9. ^ Atre, Vandana (9 May 2021). "मैहर बँड". Lokmat (in Marathi). Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  10. ^ (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
  11. ^ . sangeetnatak.gov.in. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  12. ^ "The God of Music" - Documentary Film of Sri Lankan Musician USTAD David Podiappuhami, retrieved 2 November 2022
  13. ^ "Judge, Doctor, Scholar, Conservationist: 10 Women Honored at Rashtrapati Bhavan". The Better India. 8 March 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  14. ^ Nikhil Banerjee (1992). "My Maestro As I Saw Him". raga.com. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  15. ^ Rajadhyaksha, Ashish; Willemen, Paul (1999). Encyclopaedia of Indian cinema. British Film Institute. ISBN 9780851706696. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  16. ^ "Raga (2010 Remaster)". East Meets West Music. Retrieved 25 October 2016.
  17. ^ "Graphiti | Breaking new ground". The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. 27 July 2008. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 16 October 2011.

Further reading Edit

  • Bhattacharya, Jotin (1979). Ustad Allauddin Khan and his music. Ahmedabad: B. S. Shah Prakashan. OCLC 6015389.
  • Ghosh, Anuradha (1990). Ustad Allauddin Khan: the legend of music. New Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India. OCLC 31815419.
  • Khokar, Ashish (1996). Baba Allauddin Khan. New Delhi: Roli Books. ISBN 978-81-7436-021-2.
  • Shankar, Rajendra. Ustad Allauddin Khan. Bombay: Kinnara School of Music. OCLC 41971650.
  • McKenzie-McHarg, Sarita (2013). The Great Master of Hindustani Classical Music: Dr (Baba) Allauddin Khan (1881–1972). Bangalore: Pothi.com. OCLC 868824639.
  • Shankar, Ravi (2007) [1968]. My Music, My Life. San Rafael, CA: Mandala Publishing.

External links Edit

October 23, 2023
allauddin, khan, also, known, baba, 1862, september, 1972, indian, sarod, player, multi, instrumentalist, composer, most, notable, music, teachers, 20th, century, indian, classical, music, generation, many, students, across, different, instruments, like, sitar. Allauddin Khan also known as Baba Allauddin Khan c 1862 6 September 1972 1 was an Indian sarod player and multi instrumentalist composer and one of the most notable music teachers of the 20th century in Indian classical music 2 3 4 For a generation many of his students across different instruments like sitar and violin dominated Hindustani classical and became one of the most famous exponents of the form ever including Ravi Shankar and Ali Akbar Khan Allauddin KhanKhan at Burdwan House in Dhaka in 1955Background informationBornc 1862 Shibpur Bengal Presidency British India now Bangladesh Died6 September 1972 1972 09 06 aged 109 110 GenresHindustani classical musicOccupation s Composer sarodiyaInstrument s Shehnai sarod sitar bansuriChildrenAli Akbar Khan ও Annapurna DeviSignature Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Awards 4 Legacy 5 Personal life 6 Films 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksEarly life EditKhan was born to a Bengali Muslim family in Shibpur village in Brahmanbaria in present day Bangladesh His father Sabdar Hossain Khan was a musician Khan took his first music lessons from his elder brother Fakir Aftabuddin Khan 5 At age ten Khan ran away from home to join a jatra party where he was exposed to a variety of folk genres jari sari baul bhatiyali kirtan and panchali 5 Khan went to Kolkata where he met a physician named Kedarnath who helped him to become a disciple of Gopal Krishna Bhattacharya also known as Nulo Gopal a notable musician of Kolkata in 1877 5 6 Khan practiced sargam for twelve years under his guidance 5 After the death of Nulo Gopal Khan turned to instrumental music He learned to play many indigenous and foreign musical instruments like sitar flute piccolo mandolin banjo etc from Amritalal Dutt a cousin of Swami Vivekananda and the music director of the Star Theatre He learnt to play sanai naquara tiquara and jagajhampa from Hazari Ustad and pakhawaj mridang and tabla from Nandababu 5 Ali Ahmed referred Allauddin to veena player Wazir Khan 6 7 8 Career Edit nbsp Khan middle with Abbasuddin Ahmed and Qazi Motahar Hossain 1955 Khan became court musician for the Maharaja of Maihar 6 Here he laid the foundation of a modern Maihar gharana by developing a number of ragas combining the bass sitar and bass sarod with more traditional instruments and setting up an orchestra 6 Before becoming court musician he had come to Maihar and met one Suraj Sahai Saxena in a penniless state Taking pity on him Suraj Sahai took him in his shelter where lived two odd years and practised music with Shehnai When Suraj Sahai used to visit Sharda Devi temple in Maihar climbing all the 552 steps Allauddin Khan used to accompany him and practice Shehnai outside temple precincts Suraj Sahai had a cousin named Chimmanlal Saxena who was diwan of Maharaja of Maihar In 1907 Allauddin khan established the Maihar Band an orchestral group that was taught music to orphaned children 9 On recommendation of Chimmanlal he was appointed as court musician of Maharaja of Maihar In 1935 he toured Europe along with Uday Shankar s ballet troupe and later also worked at his institute Uday Shankar India Culture Centre at Almora for a while 7 In 1955 Khan established a college of music in Maihar 6 Some of his recordings are made at the All India Radio in 1959 60 7 Awards EditKhan was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1958 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1971 India s third and second highest civilian honours 10 and prior to that in 1954 the Sangeet Natak Akademi awarded him with its highest honour the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship for lifetime contribution to Indian music 11 Legacy Edit nbsp Khan on a 1999 stamp of IndiaKhan s son Ali Akbar Khan daughter Annapurna Devi nephew Raja Hossain Khan and grandson Aashish Khan went on to become musicians His other disciples include Ravi Shankar Nikhil Banerjee V G Jog Vasant Rai Shripad Bandopdhyay Pannalal Ghosh Bahadur Khan Rabin Ghosh Sharan Rani Nalin Mazumdar Jotin Bhattacharya Rajesh Chandra Moitra David Podiappuhami aka Siyambalapitiyage Don David Podiappuhami 12 and W D Amaradeva Khan s house was in Maihar This house has been restored by Ambica Beri as part of a development that includes an artists and a writers retreat nearby 13 Personal life EditAnecdotes about Khan range from throwing a tabla tuning hammer at the Maharaja himself to taking care of disabled beggars Nikhil Banerjee said that the tough image was deliberately projected in order not to allow any liberty to the disciple He was always worried that soft treatment on his part would only spoil them 14 Films EditUstad Alauddin Khan 1963 a documentary directed by Ritwik Ghatak Baba Alauddin Khan 1965 a documentary by Indian film director Harisadhan Dasgupta 15 Raga 1971 directed by Howard Worth Remastered version released in 2010 by East Meets West Music 16 Maihar Raag 1993 directed by Sunil Shanbag A look at Allauddin Khan s crumbling heritage in Maihar which won the National Film Award for Best Non Feature Film in 1994 17 References Edit Clayton Martin 2001 Khan Allauddin In Sadie Stanley ed The New Grove dictionary of music and musicians Vol 13 2nd ed London Macmillan Publishers p 563 ISBN 978 0 333 60800 5 He is believed by some to have lived to the age of 110 although the conjectural birth date of 1881 is more likely Lavezzoli Peter 2006 The Dawn of Indian Music in the West A amp C Black pp 67 70 ISBN 978 0 8264 1815 9 Arnold Alison ed 2000 The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music South Asia the Indian subcontinent Taylor amp Francis pp 203 204 ISBN 978 0 8240 4946 1 Broughton Simon Ellingham Mark McConnachie James Duane Orla eds 2000 World Music The Rough Guide Vol 2 Latin and North America Caribbean India Asia and Pacific Rough Guides p 77 ISBN 978 1 85828 636 5 a b c d e Islam Sirajul 2012 Khan Ustad Alauddin In Islam Sirajul Khan Mobarak eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh a b c d e Adnan R Amin 23 January 2016 To burn a mockingbird The Daily Star Retrieved 11 July 2018 a b c Massey Reginald Massey Jamila 1996 The Music of India Abhinav Publications pp 142 143 ISBN 978 81 7017 332 8 Ritwik Ghatak Director 1963 Ustad Alauddin Khan Ustad Alauddin Khan Documentary India dead YouTube link Atre Vandana 9 May 2021 म हर ब ड Lokmat in Marathi Retrieved 30 May 2021 Padma Awards PDF Ministry of Home Affairs Government of India 2015 Archived from the original PDF on 15 October 2015 Retrieved 21 July 2015 List of Akademi Fellows sangeetnatak gov in Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 The God of Music Documentary Film of Sri Lankan Musician USTAD David Podiappuhami retrieved 2 November 2022 Judge Doctor Scholar Conservationist 10 Women Honored at Rashtrapati Bhavan The Better India 8 March 2018 Retrieved 14 January 2021 Nikhil Banerjee 1992 My Maestro As I Saw Him raga com Retrieved 11 July 2018 Rajadhyaksha Ashish Willemen Paul 1999 Encyclopaedia of Indian cinema British Film Institute ISBN 9780851706696 Retrieved 12 August 2012 Raga 2010 Remaster East Meets West Music Retrieved 25 October 2016 Graphiti Breaking new ground The Telegraph Calcutta India 27 July 2008 Archived from the original on 18 September 2012 Retrieved 16 October 2011 Further reading EditBhattacharya Jotin 1979 Ustad Allauddin Khan and his music Ahmedabad B S Shah Prakashan OCLC 6015389 Ghosh Anuradha 1990 Ustad Allauddin Khan the legend of music New Delhi Publications Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Govt of India OCLC 31815419 Khokar Ashish 1996 Baba Allauddin Khan New Delhi Roli Books ISBN 978 81 7436 021 2 Shankar Rajendra Ustad Allauddin Khan Bombay Kinnara School of Music OCLC 41971650 McKenzie McHarg Sarita 2013 The Great Master of Hindustani Classical Music Dr Baba Allauddin Khan 1881 1972 Bangalore Pothi com OCLC 868824639 Shankar Ravi 2007 1968 My Music My Life San Rafael CA Mandala Publishing External links Edit nbsp Media related to Allauddin Khan at Wikimedia Commons Ustad Baba Allaudin Khan Detailed Biography and images at California Institute of the Arts Raga 2010 Remaster at East Meets West Music Allauddin Khan discography at Discogs Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Allauddin Khan amp oldid 1176385475, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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