Tridacna noae, also known as Noah’s giant clam or the Teardrop giant clam, is a species of giant clam. Up until recently, T. noae was confused with the small giant clam Tridacna maxima,[4][5] but is now known to be its own independent species. It has a broad distribution in the Indo-Pacific.[4]
As with all giant clams, populations of T. noae, are declining due to human exploitation of flesh for consumption, shells, and as aquarium pets.[6]T. noae and all members of Tridacninae are considered endangered, and have been since 1985.[6]
T. noae are marine bivalvemolluscs in the subfamily Tridacninae, also known as giant clams.[7]T. noae was originally described and named by Röding (1798) based on figures in Chemnitz (1784).[8]
DescriptionEdit
T. noae have a physical appearance typical to that of most bivalves, especially those in the Tridacninae, or giant clam, subfamily. T. noae typically have a shell length between 6–20 cm, and shells usually have 5-7 radial ribs.[7] Mantle colors may vary and include brown, yellow, blue, and green.[7] Black hyaline organs, or eyes, are arranged along the border of the mantle, along with a thin, white margin and ocellate spots.[7][4]
Confusion with T. maximaEdit
T. noae was first recognized as a cryptic species from T. maxima in Taiwan and Japan by Tang (2005)[1] and Kubo and Iwai (2007) respectively. DNA sequencing characterizes the two as distinct species. T. noae is even closer related to other members of Tridacninae than T. maxima according to rRNA evidence.[7] While T. noae is very similar in appearance to T. maxima, there are key differences that distinguish between the two, such as shell morphology, mantle pattern, and mantle coloration. The mantles of T. noae have ocellate spots with a thin, white border around the edge, along with hyaline organs—also known as eyes—that have an arrangement distinctive of the species.[4][7] Although proven to be an unreliable distinguishing factor, T. noae usually have a higher number, between 5 and 7, of radial ribs on their shell, compared with between 4 and 6 in T. maxima.[7] Confusion between the two species has led to overestimated population densities of T. maxima and potentially misleading conclusions in studies of T. maxima populations.[4]
DistributionEdit
T. noae have a broad distribution, mainly Indo-West Pacific, that overlaps with that of T. maxima.[4] T. noae live in shallow waters, up to 20 meters in depth, and are typically found on the edges and crests of coral reefs, attached by byssal threads.[7][6]T. noae populations were first recognized in Taiwan and Japan,[7] but have been observed as far west as Christmas Island.[9] Mitochondrial DNA markers break up the distribution of T. noae into three groups: east Indo-Malay archipelago to Western Australia, Melanesia to Micronesia, and Central Polynesia.[10]
Threats and ConservationEdit
All giant clams, including T. noae, have been listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species since 1985 and on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List since 1986.[6][7] Populations of T. noae have been on a decline due to human exploitation of the species. Known colloquially as the “teardrop” clam, T. noae are exploited for their flesh for consumption, their shells for jewelry and collections, and as aquarium pets.[6][7] Conservation efforts have been made to replenish the wild populations of T. noae through breeding in captivity, with the additional goal of culture for commercial markets.[6]
^ abcdefBorsa, P; Fauvelot, C; Tiavouane, J; et al. (2015). "Distribution of Noah's giant clam, Tridacna noae" (PDF). Mar Biodiv. 45 (2): 339–344. doi:10.1007/s12526-014-0265-9. S2CID 6718356.
^Militz, Thane A; et al. (2015). "Population demographics of Tridacna noae (Roding, 1798) in New Ireland, Papua New Guinea". Journal of Shellfish Research. 34 (2): 329+. doi:10.2983/035.034.0215. S2CID 54991768 – via Gale Academic OneFile.
^ abcdefSouthgate, Paul; et al. (2016). "Embryonic and larval development of the giant clam Tridacna noae (Roding, 1798) (Cardiidae: Tridacninae)". Journal of Shellfish Research. 35 (4): 777+. doi:10.2983/035.035.0406. S2CID 89805434 – via Gale Academic OneFile.
^ abcdefghijkSu, Y; et al. (2014). "Tridacna noae (Röding, 1798) – a valid giant clam species separated from T. maxima (Röding, 1798) by morphological and genetic data". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 62: 124–135.
^Chemnitz, JH. Neues systematisches Conchylien Cabinet. Raspe, Nurnberg. pp. 111–124.
^Neo, M; Low, JKY (2018). "First observations of Tridacna noae (Roding, 1798) (Bivalvia: Heterodonta: Cardiidae) in Christmas Island (Indian Ocean)". Mar Biodiv. 48 (4): 2183–2185. doi:10.1007/s12526-017-0678-3. S2CID 16691302.
tridacna, noae, also, known, noah, giant, clam, teardrop, giant, clam, species, giant, clam, until, recently, noae, confused, with, small, giant, clam, tridacna, maxima, known, independent, species, broad, distribution, indo, pacific, conservation, statuscites. Tridacna noae also known as Noah s giant clam or the Teardrop giant clam is a species of giant clam Up until recently T noae was confused with the small giant clam Tridacna maxima 4 5 but is now known to be its own independent species It has a broad distribution in the Indo Pacific 4 Tridacna noaeConservation statusCITES Appendix II CITES 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass BivalviaOrder CardiidaFamily CardiidaeGenus TridacnaSpecies T noaeBinomial nameTridacna noae Roding 1798 2 Synonyms 3 Tridachnes noae Roding 1798As with all giant clams populations of T noae are declining due to human exploitation of flesh for consumption shells and as aquarium pets 6 T noae and all members of Tridacninae are considered endangered and have been since 1985 6 Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Confusion with T maxima 4 Distribution 5 Threats and Conservation 6 ReferencesTaxonomy EditT noae are marine bivalve molluscs in the subfamily Tridacninae also known as giant clams 7 T noae was originally described and named by Roding 1798 based on figures in Chemnitz 1784 8 Description EditT noae have a physical appearance typical to that of most bivalves especially those in the Tridacninae or giant clam subfamily T noae typically have a shell length between 6 20 cm and shells usually have 5 7 radial ribs 7 Mantle colors may vary and include brown yellow blue and green 7 Black hyaline organs or eyes are arranged along the border of the mantle along with a thin white margin and ocellate spots 7 4 Confusion with T maxima EditT noae was first recognized as a cryptic species from T maxima in Taiwan and Japan by Tang 2005 1 and Kubo and Iwai 2007 respectively DNA sequencing characterizes the two as distinct species T noae is even closer related to other members of Tridacninae than T maxima according to rRNA evidence 7 While T noae is very similar in appearance to T maxima there are key differences that distinguish between the two such as shell morphology mantle pattern and mantle coloration The mantles of T noae have ocellate spots with a thin white border around the edge along with hyaline organs also known as eyes that have an arrangement distinctive of the species 4 7 Although proven to be an unreliable distinguishing factor T noae usually have a higher number between 5 and 7 of radial ribs on their shell compared with between 4 and 6 in T maxima 7 Confusion between the two species has led to overestimated population densities of T maxima and potentially misleading conclusions in studies of T maxima populations 4 Distribution EditT noae have a broad distribution mainly Indo West Pacific that overlaps with that of T maxima 4 T noae live in shallow waters up to 20 meters in depth and are typically found on the edges and crests of coral reefs attached by byssal threads 7 6 T noae populations were first recognized in Taiwan and Japan 7 but have been observed as far west as Christmas Island 9 Mitochondrial DNA markers break up the distribution of T noae into three groups east Indo Malay archipelago to Western Australia Melanesia to Micronesia and Central Polynesia 10 Threats and Conservation EditAll giant clams including T noae have been listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species since 1985 and on the International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN Red List since 1986 6 7 Populations of T noae have been on a decline due to human exploitation of the species Known colloquially as the teardrop clam T noae are exploited for their flesh for consumption their shells for jewelry and collections and as aquarium pets 6 7 Conservation efforts have been made to replenish the wild populations of T noae through breeding in captivity with the additional goal of culture for commercial markets 6 References Edit Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved 2022 01 14 ter Poorten J Bouchet P 2015 Tridacna noae Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 207671 on 2015 04 02 ter Poorten J 2015 Tridachnes noae Roding 1798 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 466799 on 2015 04 02 a b c d e f Borsa P Fauvelot C Tiavouane J et al 2015 Distribution of Noah s giant clam Tridacna noae PDF Mar Biodiv 45 2 339 344 doi 10 1007 s12526 014 0265 9 S2CID 6718356 Militz Thane A et al 2015 Population demographics of Tridacna noae Roding 1798 in New Ireland Papua New Guinea Journal of Shellfish Research 34 2 329 doi 10 2983 035 034 0215 S2CID 54991768 via Gale Academic OneFile a b c d e f Southgate Paul et al 2016 Embryonic and larval development of the giant clam Tridacna noae Roding 1798 Cardiidae Tridacninae Journal of Shellfish Research 35 4 777 doi 10 2983 035 035 0406 S2CID 89805434 via Gale Academic OneFile a b c d e f g h i j k Su Y et al 2014 Tridacna noae Roding 1798 a valid giant clam species separated from T maxima Roding 1798 by morphological and genetic data Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 62 124 135 Chemnitz JH Neues systematisches Conchylien Cabinet Raspe Nurnberg pp 111 124 Neo M Low JKY 2018 First observations of Tridacna noae Roding 1798 Bivalvia Heterodonta Cardiidae in Christmas Island Indian Ocean Mar Biodiv 48 4 2183 2185 doi 10 1007 s12526 017 0678 3 S2CID 16691302 Fauvelot Cecile Andrefouet Serge Grulois Daphne Tiavouane Josina Wabnitz Colette Magalon Helene Borsa Philippe 2019 Phylogeography of Noah s giant clam Marine Biodiversity 49 521 526 doi 10 1007 s12526 017 0794 0 S2CID 12223917 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tridacna noae amp oldid 1098396481, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
