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Thomas Campion

March 01, 2023

For the American football player, see T. J. Campion.

Thomas Campion (sometimes spelled Campian; 12 February 1567 – 1 March 1620[1]) was an English composer, poet, and physician. He was born in London, educated at Cambridge, studied law in Gray's inn. He wrote over a hundred lute songs, masques for dancing, and an authoritative technical treatise on music.

Anonymous, Lute-player, thought to be Thomas Campion (17th century)

Life

 
"I care not for these ladies"
Lute song by Campion
"Beauty, since you so much desire"
Sexually suggestive lute song by Campion
Problems playing these files? See media help.

Campion was born in London, the son of John Campion, a clerk of the Court of Chancery, and Lucy (née Searle – daughter of Laurence Searle, one of the Queen's serjeants-at-arms). Upon the death of Campion's father in 1576, his mother married Augustine Steward, dying soon afterwards. His stepfather assumed charge of the boy and sent him, in 1581, to study at Peterhouse, Cambridge as a "gentleman pensioner"; he left the university after four years without taking a degree.[1][2] He later entered Gray's Inn to study law in 1586. However, he left in 1595 without having been called to the bar.

On 10 February 1605, he received his medical degree from the University of Caen.[3]

Campion is thought to have lived in London, practising as a physician, until his death in March 1620 – possibly of the plague.[4] He was apparently unmarried and had no children. He was buried the same day at St Dunstan-in-the-West in Fleet Street.[1]

He was implicated in the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury, but was eventually exonerated, as it was found that he had unwittingly delivered the bribe that had procured Overbury's death.[5]

Poetry and songs

 
A Book of Ayres, 1601, with words by Campion and music by Philip Rosseter

The body of his works is considerable, the earliest known being a group of five anonymous poems included in the "Songs of Divers Noblemen and Gentlemen," appended to Newman's edition of Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophel and Stella, which appeared in 1591. In 1595, Poemata, a collection of Latin panegyrics, elegies and epigrams was published, winning him a considerable reputation. This was followed, in 1601, by a songbook, A Booke of Ayres, with words by himself and music composed by himself and Philip Rosseter. The following year he published his Observations in the Art of English Poesie, "against the vulgar and unartificial custom of riming," in favour of rhymeless verse on the model of classical quantitative verse. Campion's theories on poetry were criticized by Samuel Daniel in "Defence of Rhyme" (1603).[1]

In 1607, he wrote and published a masque[6] for the occasion of the marriage of Lord Hayes, and, in 1613, issued a volume of Songs of Mourning: Bewailing the Untimely Death of Prince Henry, set to music by John Cooper (also known as Coperario). The same year he wrote and arranged three masques: The Lords' Masque for the marriage of Princess Elizabeth; an entertainment for the amusement of Queen Anne at Caversham House; and a third for the marriage of the Earl of Somerset to the infamous Frances Howard, Countess of Essex. If, moreover, as appears quite likely, his Two Bookes of Ayres[7] (both words and music written by himself) belongs also to this year, it was indeed his annus mirabilis.[1]

In 1615, he published a book on counterpoint, A New Way of Making Fowre Parts in Counterpoint By a Most Familiar and Infallible Rule,[8] a technical treatise which was for many years the standard textbook on the subject. It was included, with annotations by Christopher Sympson, in Playford's Brief Introduction to the Skill of Musick, and two editions appear to have been published by 1660.[1][9]

Some time in or after 1617 appeared his Third and Fourth Booke of Ayres.[10] In 1618 appeared the airs that were sung and played at Brougham Castle on the occasion of the King's entertainment there, the music by George Mason and John Earsden, while the words were almost certainly by Campion. In 1619, he published his Epigrammatum Libri II. Umbra Elegiarum liber unus, a reprint of his 1595 collection with considerable omissions, additions (in the form of another book of epigrams) and corrections.[1]

Legacy

 
Minutes of the examination of Thomas Campion on the 26th Oct. 16 15, prior to the arrest of Sir Thomas Monson for complicity in the Overbury murder.

Campion made a nuncupative will on 1 March 1619/20 before 'divers credible witnesses': a memorandum was made that he did 'not longe before his death say that he did give all that he had unto Mr Phillip Rosseter, and wished that his estate had bin farre more', and Rosseter was sworn before Dr Edmund Pope to administer as principal legatee on 3 March 1619/20.[11]

While Campion had attained a considerable reputation in his own day, in the years that followed his death his works sank into complete oblivion. No doubt this was due to the nature of the media in which he mainly worked, the masque and the song-book. The masque was an amusement at any time too costly to be popular, and during the commonwealth period it was practically extinguished. The vogue of the song-books was even more ephemeral, and, as in the case of the masque, the Puritan ascendancy, with its distaste for all secular music, effectively put an end to the madrigal. Its loss involved that of many hundreds of dainty lyrics, including those of Campion, and it was due to the work of A. H. Bullen (see bibliography), who first published a collection of the poet's works in 1889, that his genius was recognised and his place among the foremost rank of Elizabethan lyric poets restored.[1]

Early dictionary writers, such as Fétis, saw Campion as a theorist.[12] It was much later on that people began to see him as a composer. He was the writer of a poem, Cherry Ripe, which is not the later famous poem of that title but has several similarities.

In popular culture

Repeated reference was made to Campion (1567–1620) in an October 2010 episode of the BBC TV series, James May's Man Lab (BBC2), where his works are used as the inspiration for a young man trying to serenade a female colleague. This segment was referenced in the second and third series of the programme as well.

Occasional mention is made of Campion ("Campian") in the comic strip 9 Chickweed Lane (i.e., 5 April 2004), referencing historical context for playing the lute.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Campion, Thomas". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press..
  2. ^ He is not listed in Venn, Alumni Cantabrigienses.
  3. ^ Christopher R. Wilson. "Thomas Campion", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (accessed 4 March 2006), grovemusic.com (subscription access).
  4. ^ Life of Thomas Campion (Luminarium: Anthology of English literature).
  5. ^ Thomas Campion (UXL encyclopedia of world biography, 2003).
  6. ^ (Godfrey's Bookshelf).
  7. ^ Two Books of Airs (Luminarium.org).
  8. ^ Thomas Campion, Christopher R. Wilson, John Coperario. A new way of making fowre parts in counterpoint (Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2003).
  9. ^ Brief Introduction to the Skill of Musick
  10. ^ Works of Thomas Campion (Luminarium.org).
  11. ^ London Metropolitan Archives and Guildhall Library Manuscripts Section, Ref. MS 9172/31, Will number 150.
  12. ^ François-Joseph Fétis, 'Campion' in: Biographie universelle des musiciens et bibliographie générale de la musique, vol. 3 (2nd edition, Paris, 1867) p. 169.

Bibliography

In His Lifetime

  • A Booke of Ayres (1601)
  • Observations in the Art of English Poesie (1602)
  • A Discription of a Maske etc. to the Lord Hayes (1607)
  • The Lords' Masque (1613)
  • A New Way of Making Fowre Parts in Counterpoint (1613)
  • The Art of Descant, 1671 edition.
  • The Art of Descant, 1674 edition
  • Two Bookes of Ayres (1613?)
  • A Discription of a Maske on S. Stephen's night (1614)
  • The Third and Fourth Booke of Ayres (1617)

Twentieth Century Editions of Works and Criticism

  • Bullen, A H (ED.). Songs and masques, with Observations in the art of English poesy (London: A H Bullen, 1903).
  • Campion, Thomas. A book of airs, as written to be sung to the lute and viol (Peter Pauper Press, 1944).
  • "Campion, Thomas". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  • Davis, Walter R. Thomas Campion (Twayne Publishers, 1987).
  • Davis, Walter R. and J. Mas Patrick, eds. The Works of Thomas Campion. W.W. Norton & Co., 1970. ISBN 978-0393004397
  • Eldridge, Muriel T. Thomas Campion: his poetry and music (Vantage Press, 1971).
  • Lindley, David .Thomas Campion (Leiden, 1986).
  • Lowbury, Edward, et al. Thomas Campion: Poet, Composer, Physician. Chatto & Windus, 1970. ISBN 978-0701114770
  • MacDonagh, Thomas. Thomas Campion and the art of English poetry (Dublin: Talbot Press, 1913).
  • Vivian, Percival (Ed.). Campion's works (Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1909).
  • Watson, George & Willison, Ian Roy. The new Cambridge bibliography of English literature, Volume 1 (Cambridge University Press, 1971) pp. 1905–6.

External links

 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Thomas Campion.

Text:

  • Biography (Poetry Foundation)
  • Thomas Campion – Life and works (Luminarium: Anthology of English literature)
  • Works by or about Thomas Campion at Internet Archive
  • Works by Thomas Campion at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)  
  • Husoy, Lance. Thomas Campion and the Web of Patronage

Music:

March 01, 2023
thomas, campion, american, football, player, campion, sometimes, spelled, campian, february, 1567, march, 1620, english, composer, poet, physician, born, london, educated, cambridge, studied, gray, wrote, over, hundred, lute, songs, masques, dancing, authorita. For the American football player see T J Campion Thomas Campion sometimes spelled Campian 12 February 1567 1 March 1620 1 was an English composer poet and physician He was born in London educated at Cambridge studied law in Gray s inn He wrote over a hundred lute songs masques for dancing and an authoritative technical treatise on music Anonymous Lute player thought to be Thomas Campion 17th century Contents 1 Life 2 Poetry and songs 3 Legacy 3 1 In popular culture 4 See also 5 References 6 Bibliography 6 1 In His Lifetime 6 2 Twentieth Century Editions of Works and Criticism 7 External linksLife Edit I care not for these ladies source source Lute song by Campion Beauty since you so much desire source source Sexually suggestive lute song by Campion Problems playing these files See media help Campion was born in London the son of John Campion a clerk of the Court of Chancery and Lucy nee Searle daughter of Laurence Searle one of the Queen s serjeants at arms Upon the death of Campion s father in 1576 his mother married Augustine Steward dying soon afterwards His stepfather assumed charge of the boy and sent him in 1581 to study at Peterhouse Cambridge as a gentleman pensioner he left the university after four years without taking a degree 1 2 He later entered Gray s Inn to study law in 1586 However he left in 1595 without having been called to the bar On 10 February 1605 he received his medical degree from the University of Caen 3 Campion is thought to have lived in London practising as a physician until his death in March 1620 possibly of the plague 4 He was apparently unmarried and had no children He was buried the same day at St Dunstan in the West in Fleet Street 1 He was implicated in the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury but was eventually exonerated as it was found that he had unwittingly delivered the bribe that had procured Overbury s death 5 Poetry and songs Edit A Book of Ayres 1601 with words by Campion and music by Philip Rosseter The body of his works is considerable the earliest known being a group of five anonymous poems included in the Songs of Divers Noblemen and Gentlemen appended to Newman s edition of Sir Philip Sidney s Astrophel and Stella which appeared in 1591 In 1595 Poemata a collection of Latin panegyrics elegies and epigrams was published winning him a considerable reputation This was followed in 1601 by a songbook A Booke of Ayres with words by himself and music composed by himself and Philip Rosseter The following year he published his Observations in the Art of English Poesie against the vulgar and unartificial custom of riming in favour of rhymeless verse on the model of classical quantitative verse Campion s theories on poetry were criticized by Samuel Daniel in Defence of Rhyme 1603 1 In 1607 he wrote and published a masque 6 for the occasion of the marriage of Lord Hayes and in 1613 issued a volume of Songs of Mourning Bewailing the Untimely Death of Prince Henry set to music by John Cooper also known as Coperario The same year he wrote and arranged three masques The Lords Masque for the marriage of Princess Elizabeth an entertainment for the amusement of Queen Anne at Caversham House and a third for the marriage of the Earl of Somerset to the infamous Frances Howard Countess of Essex If moreover as appears quite likely his Two Bookes of Ayres 7 both words and music written by himself belongs also to this year it was indeed his annus mirabilis 1 In 1615 he published a book on counterpoint A New Way of Making Fowre Parts in Counterpoint By a Most Familiar and Infallible Rule 8 a technical treatise which was for many years the standard textbook on the subject It was included with annotations by Christopher Sympson in Playford s Brief Introduction to the Skill of Musick and two editions appear to have been published by 1660 1 9 Some time in or after 1617 appeared his Third and Fourth Booke of Ayres 10 In 1618 appeared the airs that were sung and played at Brougham Castle on the occasion of the King s entertainment there the music by George Mason and John Earsden while the words were almost certainly by Campion In 1619 he published his Epigrammatum Libri II Umbra Elegiarum liber unus a reprint of his 1595 collection with considerable omissions additions in the form of another book of epigrams and corrections 1 Legacy Edit Minutes of the examination of Thomas Campion on the 26th Oct 16 15 prior to the arrest of Sir Thomas Monson for complicity in the Overbury murder Campion made a nuncupative will on 1 March 1619 20 before divers credible witnesses a memorandum was made that he did not longe before his death say that he did give all that he had unto Mr Phillip Rosseter and wished that his estate had bin farre more and Rosseter was sworn before Dr Edmund Pope to administer as principal legatee on 3 March 1619 20 11 While Campion had attained a considerable reputation in his own day in the years that followed his death his works sank into complete oblivion No doubt this was due to the nature of the media in which he mainly worked the masque and the song book The masque was an amusement at any time too costly to be popular and during the commonwealth period it was practically extinguished The vogue of the song books was even more ephemeral and as in the case of the masque the Puritan ascendancy with its distaste for all secular music effectively put an end to the madrigal Its loss involved that of many hundreds of dainty lyrics including those of Campion and it was due to the work of A H Bullen see bibliography who first published a collection of the poet s works in 1889 that his genius was recognised and his place among the foremost rank of Elizabethan lyric poets restored 1 Early dictionary writers such as Fetis saw Campion as a theorist 12 It was much later on that people began to see him as a composer He was the writer of a poem Cherry Ripe which is not the later famous poem of that title but has several similarities In popular culture Edit Repeated reference was made to Campion 1567 1620 in an October 2010 episode of the BBC TV series James May s Man Lab BBC2 where his works are used as the inspiration for a young man trying to serenade a female colleague This segment was referenced in the second and third series of the programme as well Occasional mention is made of Campion Campian in the comic strip 9 Chickweed Lane i e 5 April 2004 referencing historical context for playing the lute See also Edit Poetry portalCanons of Elizabethan poetryReferences Edit a b c d e f g h Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Campion Thomas Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed Cambridge University Press He is not listed in Venn Alumni Cantabrigienses Christopher R Wilson Thomas Campion Grove Music Online ed L Macy accessed 4 March 2006 grovemusic com subscription access Life of Thomas Campion Luminarium Anthology of English literature Thomas Campion UXL encyclopedia of world biography 2003 Lord Hayes Masque Godfrey s Bookshelf Two Books of Airs Luminarium org Thomas Campion Christopher R Wilson John Coperario A new way of making fowre parts in counterpoint Ashgate Publishing Ltd 2003 Brief Introduction to the Skill of Musick Works of Thomas Campion Luminarium org London Metropolitan Archives and Guildhall Library Manuscripts Section Ref MS 9172 31 Will number 150 Francois Joseph Fetis Campion in Biographie universelle des musiciens et bibliographie generale de la musique vol 3 2nd edition Paris 1867 p 169 Bibliography EditIn His Lifetime Edit A Booke of Ayres 1601 Observations in the Art of English Poesie 1602 A Discription of a Maske etc to the Lord Hayes 1607 The Lords Masque 1613 A New Way of Making Fowre Parts in Counterpoint 1613 The Art of Descant 1671 edition The Art of Descant 1674 edition Two Bookes of Ayres 1613 A Discription of a Maske on S Stephen s night 1614 The Third and Fourth Booke of Ayres 1617 Twentieth Century Editions of Works and Criticism Edit Bullen A H ED Songs and masques with Observations in the art of English poesy London A H Bullen 1903 Campion Thomas A book of airs as written to be sung to the lute and viol Peter Pauper Press 1944 Campion Thomas Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Davis Walter R Thomas Campion Twayne Publishers 1987 Davis Walter R and J Mas Patrick eds The Works of Thomas Campion W W Norton amp Co 1970 ISBN 978 0393004397 Eldridge Muriel T Thomas Campion his poetry and music Vantage Press 1971 Lindley David Thomas Campion Leiden 1986 Lowbury Edward et al Thomas Campion Poet Composer Physician Chatto amp Windus 1970 ISBN 978 0701114770 MacDonagh Thomas Thomas Campion and the art of English poetry Dublin Talbot Press 1913 Vivian Percival Ed Campion s works Oxford Clarendon Press 1909 Watson George amp Willison Ian Roy The new Cambridge bibliography of English literature Volume 1 Cambridge University Press 1971 pp 1905 6 External links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to Thomas Campion Text Biography Poetry Foundation Thomas Campion Life and works Luminarium Anthology of English literature Works by or about Thomas Campion at Internet Archive Works by Thomas Campion at LibriVox public domain audiobooks Husoy Lance Thomas Campion and the Web of PatronageMusic Free scores by Thomas Campion in the Choral Public Domain Library ChoralWiki Free scores by Thomas Campion at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Midi file arrangements of several songs by Campion Tony Catalano s Classical Guitar MIDI Page Music Collection in Cambridge Digital Library which contains early copies examples of Campion s compositions Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Thomas Campion amp oldid 1142239058, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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