The Killing Fields (film)
The Killing Fields is a 1984 British biographical drama film about the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia, which is based on the experiences of two journalists: Cambodian Dith Pran and American Sydney Schanberg. It was directed by Roland Joffé and produced by David Puttnam for his company Goldcrest Films. Sam Waterston stars as Schanberg, Haing S. Ngor as Pran, and John Malkovich as Al Rockoff. The adaptation for the screen was written by Bruce Robinson; the musical score was written by Mike Oldfield and orchestrated by David Bedford.
| The Killing Fields | |
|---|---|
Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Roland Joffé |
| Screenplay by | Bruce Robinson |
| Based on | The Death and Life of Dith Pran by Sydney Schanberg |
| Produced by | |
| Starring | |
| Cinematography | Chris Menges |
| Edited by | Jim Clark |
| Music by | Mike Oldfield |
Production companies |
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| Distributed by | Columbia-EMI-Warner Distributors |
Release date |
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Running time | 141 minutes |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Languages |
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| Budget | $14.4 million[1] |
| Box office | $34.7 million[2] |
The film was a success at the box office and an instant hit with critics. At the 57th Academy Awards it received seven Oscar nominations, including Best Picture; it won three, most notably Best Supporting Actor for Haing S. Ngor, who had no previous acting experience, as well as Best Cinematography and Best Editing. At the 38th British Academy Film Awards, it won eight BAFTAs, including Best Film and Best Actor in a Leading Role for Ngor.
In 1999, the British Film Institute voted The Killing Fields the 100th greatest British film of the 20th century. In 2016, British film magazine Empire ranked it number 86 in their list of the 100 best British films.[3]
Plot Edit
In 1973 Phnom Penh, the Cambodian national army wages a civil war with the communist Khmer Rouge group. Dith Pran, a Cambodian journalist and interpreter for The New York Times, awaits the arrival of reporter Sydney Schanberg at the city's airport, but leaves suddenly. Schanberg takes a cab to his hotel where he meets up with photographer Al Rockoff. Pran meets Schanberg later and tells him that an American B-52 has allegedly bombed Neak Leung. After Schanberg and Pran go to the town and confirm the allegation, they are arrested when they try to photograph the execution of two Khmer Rouge operatives. They are eventually released and Schanberg is furious when the international press corps arrives with the U.S. Army.
Two years later, in 1975, the Phnom Penh embassies are evacuated in anticipation of the Khmer Rouge's arrival. Schanberg secures evacuation for Pran's family, but Pran insists on staying behind to help Schanberg. The Khmer Rouge move into the capital, ostensibly in peace. During a parade through the city, Schanberg and Rockoff are met by a detachment of the Khmer Rouge, who immediately arrest them. The group is taken to a back alley where prisoners are being held and executed. Pran, unharmed because he is a Cambodian civilian, negotiates to spare his friends' lives, and the group retreats to the French embassy. The Khmer Rouge orders all Cambodian citizens in the embassy to be handed over, to which the fearful ambassador complies. Knowing that Pran will be imprisoned or killed, Rockoff and fellow photographer Jon Swain try to forge a British passport for Pran, but the deception fails when Pran's image on the passport photo disappears, as they lack adequate photographic fixer. Pran is turned over to the Khmer Rouge and forced to live under their totalitarian regime.
Several months after returning to New York City, Schanberg launches a personal campaign to locate Pran; he writes letters to several charities and maintains close contact with Pran's family in San Francisco. In Cambodia, Pran has become a forced labourer under the Khmer Rouge's "Year Zero" policy, a return to the agrarian ways of the past. Pran is also forced to attend propagandist classes where many undergo re-education. As intellectuals are made to disappear, Pran feigns simple-mindedness. Eventually, he tries to escape and stumbles upon one of the Pol Pot regime's Killing Fields before he is recaptured. In 1976, Schanberg is awarded a Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the Cambodian conflict, and he tells the audience that half the recognition for the award belongs to Pran. Rockoff confronts Schanberg and harshly accuses him of not doing enough to locate Pran and for using his friend to win the award. Although Schanberg initially defends his efforts, he ultimately admits that Pran stayed because of what Schanberg wanted.
Pran is assigned to the leader of a different prison compound, a man named Phat, and charged mostly with tending to Phat's young son. Pran continues to behave as an uneducated peasant, despite several attempts by Phat to catch him in his deception. Phat begins to trust Pran and asks him to take ward of his son in the event that he is killed. During the Khmer Rouge's border war with Vietnam, Pran discovers that Phat's son has American money and a map leading to safety. When Phat tries to stop the younger Khmer Rouge officers from killing several of his comrades, he is ignominiously shot. In the confusion, Pran escapes with four other prisoners and they begin a long trek through the jungle with Phat's son. The group later splits and three of them head in a different direction; Pran continues following the map with the fourth man. However, Pran's companion activates a hidden land mine while holding the boy. As Pran pleads with the man to give him the boy, the mine goes off, killing the pair. Pran continues through the jungle alone until he eventually finds a Red Cross refugee camp near the border of Thailand. In the United States, Schanberg learns that Pran is alive and safe, and reunites with Pran at the Red Cross camp. Pran assures Schanberg of his forgiveness as the two embrace.
Cast Edit
- Sam Waterston as Sydney Schanberg
- Haing S. Ngor as Dith Pran — Like Pran, Ngor was a refugee and survivor of the Cambodian genocide, surviving three terms in Cambodian prison camps before escaping, years prior to making the film.
- John Malkovich as Al Rockoff
- Julian Sands as Jon Swain
- Craig T. Nelson as Major Reeves
- Spalding Gray as U.S. Consul
- Bill Paterson as Dr MacEntire
- Athol Fugard as Dr Sundesval
- Graham Kennedy as Dougal
- Patrick Malahide as Morgan
- Nell Campbell as Beth
- Joanna Merlin as Schanberg's Sister
Production Edit
In an interview with The Guardian in November 2014, Joffé said:
David Puttnam asked to see me, which in those days was a bit like being invited out to Hollywood. He gave me Bruce Robinson's script, which was enormous, but it was so full of passion and energy I couldn't put it down. I'd heard about Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge, but didn't know much until I read it. I wrote to David saying that whoever made the film would have to be careful because it wasn't just a war story: it was about human connection, how friendships are born and what they do to us. I didn't hear from him for six months, then we bumped into one another and he said he'd interviewed most of the directors in the world – including some very big names who would make the studios happy – but no one had really understood it. "You're the only man who has," he said.[4]
In the same interview actor Julian Sands said:
Roland's audition process was extraordinary. I was 24 and I've never come across anything as rigorous since. He was looking to put together a troupe of actors without much film experience, because he wanted the freshness of everything to resonate with us. He would gather lots of us in his office to improvise scenes. After about a month, he had a group he found interesting. John Malkovich, Sam Waterston and Haing S. Ngor weren't subject to that, but their meetings with him were still pretty intense. A lot was made of the fact that Haing hadn't acted before, but John put it differently: he said Haing had been acting his whole life – you had to be a pretty good actor to survive the Khmer Rouge.[4]
Box office Edit
Goldcrest Films invested £8,419,000 in the film and received £10,664,000.[5]
Critical reception Edit
The Killing Fields holds a 93% rating at the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, based on 40 reviews, with the consensus: "Artfully composed, powerfully acted, and fueled by a powerful blend of anger and empathy, The Killing Fields is a career-defining triumph for director Roland Joffé and a masterpiece of cinema."[6] Critic Roger Ebert wrote in the Chicago Sun-Times: "The film is a masterful achievement on all the technical levels—it does an especially good job of convincing us with its Asian locations—but the best moments are the human ones, the conversations, the exchanges of trust, the waiting around, the sudden fear, the quick bursts of violence, the desperation."[7] John Simon of National Review wrote: "For all its flaws The Killing Fields is an important, indeed necessary, film".[8]
The film has been criticized by some who lived through the actual events. The real Al Rockoff expressed dissatisfaction at the portrayals of himself and Schanberg,[9] while Denis Cameron sought to have his consultative credit removed upon watching the completed film.[10]
The Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited this movie as one of his 100 favorite films.[11]
Accolades Edit
Besides its place as 100th on the BFI Top 100 British films list, The Killing Fields is also 30th on Channel 4's list of the 100 Greatest Tearjerkers,[12] and 60th on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers list.
Home media Edit
The Killing Fields was released on DVD by Umbrella Entertainment in Australia in March 2010. The DVD includes special features such as the theatrical trailer, audio commentary with Roland Joffé, an interview with David Puttnam and a BBC documentary titled The Making of The Killing Fields.[13] In April 2013 Umbrella Entertainment released the film on Blu-ray in Australia.[14]
In the UK, the film was released on DVD and Blu-ray by Optimum Releasing and was released in North America on DVD by Warner Brothers, as part of their Warner Archive Collection.
Casting of Haing S. Ngor Edit
Haing S. Ngor, who plays Pran, was himself a survivor of the Khmer Rouge regime and the labour camps.[15] Prior to the Khmer Rouge's 'Year Zero' he was a doctor based in Phnom Penh. In 1975, Ngor was one of millions who were moved from the city to forced labour camps in the countryside. He spent four years there before fleeing to Thailand.[16]
Haing S. Ngor had never acted before appearing in The Killing Fields. He was spotted by the film's casting director, Pat Golden, at a Cambodian wedding in Los Angeles.[17]
Of his role in the film, he told People magazine in 1985: "I wanted to show the world how deep starvation is in Cambodia, how many people die under Communist regime. My heart is satisfied. I have done something perfect."[18]
Ngor became one of only two non-professional actors to win an Academy Award for acting, the other being Harold Russell (The Best Years of Our Lives, 1946).
Related work Edit
The screenplay is adapted from a Sydney Schanberg story in The New York Times Magazine entitled "The Death and Life of Dith Pran: A Story of Cambodia".[19]
In 1986, actor Spalding Gray, who had a small role in the film as the American consul, created Swimming to Cambodia, a monologue (later filmed by Jonathan Demme) based upon his experiences making The Killing Fields.
A book of the film was written by Christopher Hudson.[20]
See also Edit
References Edit
- ^ Walker, John (1985). The Once and Future Film: British Cinema in the Seventies and Eighties. London: Methuen. p. 117. ISBN 0-413-53540-1.
- ^ The Killing Fields at Box Office Mojo
- ^ "The 100 best British films". Empireonline.com. 29 November 2017.
- ^ a b Gilbey, Ryan (10 November 2014). "Roland Joffe and Julian Sands: how we made The Killing Fields". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ^ Eberts, Jake; Illott, Terry (1990). My indecision is final. Faber and Faber. p. 656.
- ^ "The Killing Fields". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
- ^ Ebert, Roger. "The Killing Fields Movie Review (1984) – Roger Ebert". Rogerebert.suntimes.com. Retrieved 27 January 2018.[dead link]
- ^ Simon, John (2005). John Simon on Film: Criticism 1982–2001. Applause Books. p. 75.
- ^ "Being Al Rockoff: Shooting from the hip in Cambodia". Taipei Times. 16 April 2000.
- ^ "Denis Cameron obituary". The Independent. 25 October 2006. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022.
- ^ Thomas-Mason, Lee (12 January 2021). "From Stanley Kubrick to Martin Scorsese: Akira Kurosawa once named his top 100 favourite films of all time". Far Out Magazine. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
- ^ . Channel Four. Archived from the original on 13 April 2009. Retrieved 6 June 2009.
- ^ . Umbrellaent.com.au. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
- ^ . Umbrellaent.com.au. Archived from the original on 17 May 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
- ^ "The Killing Fields: authentically good". The Guardian. London. 12 March 2009.
- ^ "Haing S. Ngor Foundation – Biography". Haingngorfoundation.org. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
- ^ Freedman, Samuel G. (28 October 1984). "In 'The Killing Fields,' A Cambodian Actor Relives His Nation's Ordeal". The New York Times.
- ^ . People.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
- ^ Canby, Vincent (2 November 1984). "Screen: Tale of Death And Life of a Cambodian". The New York Times.
- ^ The Killing Fields at Google Books
External links Edit
- The Killing Fields at IMDb
- The Killing Fields at Rotten Tomatoes
- The Killing Fields at AllMovie
- Film review by Tim Dirks
- , by Fingers.