Teresa Noce (29 July 1900 – 22 January 1980)[1] was an Italian labor leader, activist, journalist and feminist. She served as a parliamentary deputy and advocated broad social legislation benefiting mothers.
Teresa Noce was born in Turin, Italy on 29 July 1900 to an unmarried, working-class mother. She started working as a turner in the local Fiat Brevetti factory at the age of ten. By the age of 12, she was involved in the workers' union and joined demonstrations. As a journalist she wrote for Il Grido del Popolo (The People's Cry) and Ordine Nuove from 1914 to 1917. She protested when Italy entered World War I in 1915 and joined the Young Socialist movement in 1919.[1]
Following the rise of Mussolini and the Fascists, Noce left the Socialists, becoming a founding member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) in 1921. After the Communist and Socialist parties were outlawed in 1925, she continued organizing workers illegally. During the 1920s, she oversaw the Communist Youth Federation and their periodical La voce della gioventù. She met PCI functionary Luigi Longo, whom she married in 1926. The two emigrated first to Moscow then to Paris. Noce organized a strike of rice workers in the spring of 1934.[2] She then fled to Paris and surfaced as a leading political figure among the Italian exile community. As editor of Il Grido del Popolo, Noce called for improved labor conditions for the working class and for abolition the Special Tribunals used to imprison anti-Fascists. She also led a campaign on behalf of imprisoned PCI leader Antonio Gramsci that resulted in mass demonstrations in Paris.[1]
She edited the anti-fascist periodical La voce della donne in 1934. In 1936, she travelled to Spain to see the Spanish Civil War. She penned several pamphlets reporting and appealing on behalf of the Spanish Republicans. After France surrendered to Nazi Germany in 1940, Noce remained there, organizing cells among the Italian exile community in Paris. She led an effective partisan unit as a member of the underground and adopted the nom de guerreEstella. Though she avoided arrest on a number of occasions, she was eventually arrested and deported to Ravensbrück, the German concentration camp for women. She was freed in the spring of 1945 and returned to Italy.[1]
In Italy Noce was elected to the Central Committee of the PCI. She was then elected to the Italian Parliament and was appointed general secretary of the textile workers union, where she founded the publication La voce dei tessili. In 1951 she was one of two dissenting votes in the Communist leadership against a proposal made by dictator Joseph Stalin.[1]
Noce was aligned with the Unione Donne Italiane (Italian Women's Union). She and other women of the Italian Parliament campaigned for comprehensive maternity legislation. They secured victory in 1950 with a law protecting working mothers, providing for children of infants and giving five months of paid leave for pregnant women.[1]
Teruel martirio e liberazione di un popolo! (1939)
Ma domani fara giorno (1952)
Rivoluzionaria professional (1974)
Vivere in piedi (1978)
Estella: Autobiographie einer italienischen Revolutionärin (1981)
Further readingedit
Betti, E., Migliucci, D. (2023). Teresa Noce (1900–1980): A Communist “Professional Revolutionary” in Twentieth-Century Italy. In: de Haan, F. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Communist Women Activists around the World. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13127-1_8
Referencesedit
^ abcdefHaag, John (2002). "Noce, Teresa (1900–1980)". In Commire, Anne (ed.). . Waterford, Connecticut: Yorkin Publications. ISBN0-7876-4074-3. Archived from the original on 2016-02-20.
^Susan G. Bell; Karen M. Offen (1983). Women, the Family, and Freedom: 1880-1950. Stanford University Press. pp. 366–. ISBN978-0-8047-1173-9.
^. FILTEA. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
^Albeltaro, Marco (2013). "NOCE, Teresa". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. from the original on 2015-12-09. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
teresa, noce, july, 1900, january, 1980, italian, labor, leader, activist, journalist, feminist, served, parliamentary, deputy, advocated, broad, social, legislation, benefiting, mothers, member, chamber, deputiespersonal, detailsborn29, july, 1900turin, italy. Teresa Noce 29 July 1900 22 January 1980 1 was an Italian labor leader activist journalist and feminist She served as a parliamentary deputy and advocated broad social legislation benefiting mothers Teresa NoceMember of the Chamber of DeputiesPersonal detailsBorn29 July 1900Turin ItalyDied22 January 1980 1980 01 22 aged 79 Bologna ItalyPolitical partyItalian Communist PartyProfessionLabor leader journalist politician Contents 1 Biography 2 Selected publications 3 Further reading 4 ReferencesBiography editTeresa Noce was born in Turin Italy on 29 July 1900 to an unmarried working class mother She started working as a turner in the local Fiat Brevetti factory at the age of ten By the age of 12 she was involved in the workers union and joined demonstrations As a journalist she wrote for Il Grido del Popolo The People s Cry and Ordine Nuove from 1914 to 1917 She protested when Italy entered World War I in 1915 and joined the Young Socialist movement in 1919 1 Following the rise of Mussolini and the Fascists Noce left the Socialists becoming a founding member of the Italian Communist Party PCI in 1921 After the Communist and Socialist parties were outlawed in 1925 she continued organizing workers illegally During the 1920s she oversaw the Communist Youth Federation and their periodical La voce della gioventu She met PCI functionary Luigi Longo whom she married in 1926 The two emigrated first to Moscow then to Paris Noce organized a strike of rice workers in the spring of 1934 2 She then fled to Paris and surfaced as a leading political figure among the Italian exile community As editor of Il Grido del Popolo Noce called for improved labor conditions for the working class and for abolition the Special Tribunals used to imprison anti Fascists She also led a campaign on behalf of imprisoned PCI leader Antonio Gramsci that resulted in mass demonstrations in Paris 1 She edited the anti fascist periodical La voce della donne in 1934 In 1936 she travelled to Spain to see the Spanish Civil War She penned several pamphlets reporting and appealing on behalf of the Spanish Republicans After France surrendered to Nazi Germany in 1940 Noce remained there organizing cells among the Italian exile community in Paris She led an effective partisan unit as a member of the underground and adopted the nom de guerre Estella Though she avoided arrest on a number of occasions she was eventually arrested and deported to Ravensbruck the German concentration camp for women She was freed in the spring of 1945 and returned to Italy 1 In 1947 Noce was elected as the general secretary of the Italian Federation of Textile Workers becoming the first woman to lead a major Italian industrial trade union She served until 1955 when she became the general secretary of the Trade Union International of Textile and Clothing Workers and then as president of its successor the Trade Union International of Textile Leather and Fur Workers Unions 3 In Italy Noce was elected to the Central Committee of the PCI She was then elected to the Italian Parliament and was appointed general secretary of the textile workers union where she founded the publication La voce dei tessili In 1951 she was one of two dissenting votes in the Communist leadership against a proposal made by dictator Joseph Stalin 1 Noce was aligned with the Unione Donne Italiane Italian Women s Union She and other women of the Italian Parliament campaigned for comprehensive maternity legislation They secured victory in 1950 with a law protecting working mothers providing for children of infants and giving five months of paid leave for pregnant women 1 Noce died in Bologna on 22 January 1980 4 Selected publications editNuestros hermanos los internacionales 1937 Tra gli eroi ed i martiri della liberta 1937 Gioventu senza sole 1938 Teruel martirio e liberazione di un popolo 1939 Ma domani fara giorno 1952 Rivoluzionaria professional 1974 Vivere in piedi 1978 Estella Autobiographie einer italienischen Revolutionarin 1981 Further reading editBetti E Migliucci D 2023 Teresa Noce 1900 1980 A Communist Professional Revolutionary in Twentieth Century Italy In de Haan F eds The Palgrave Handbook of Communist Women Activists around the World Palgrave Macmillan Cham https doi org 10 1007 978 3 031 13127 1 8References edit a b c d e f Haag John 2002 Noce Teresa 1900 1980 In Commire Anne ed Women in World History A Biographical Encyclopedia Waterford Connecticut Yorkin Publications ISBN 0 7876 4074 3 Archived from the original on 2016 02 20 Susan G Bell Karen M Offen 1983 Women the Family and Freedom 1880 1950 Stanford University Press pp 366 ISBN 978 0 8047 1173 9 CENTO ANNI DI STORIA FILTEA Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 22 July 2020 Albeltaro Marco 2013 NOCE Teresa Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani Archived from the original on 2015 12 09 Retrieved 2015 11 30 Trade union officesPreceded byDomenico Marchioro General Secretary of the Italian Federation of Textile Workers1947 1955 Succeeded byLina FibbiPreceded by General Secretary of the Trade Union International of Textile and Clothing Workers1955 1958 Succeeded byFederation mergedPreceded byNew position President of the Trade Union International of Textile Leather and Fur Workers Unions1958 1960s Succeeded byLina Fibbi Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Teresa Noce amp oldid 1184055397, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
