fbpx
Wikipedia

Tell al-'Ubaid

Tell al-'Ubaid (Arabic: العبيد) is a low, relatively small tell (settlement mound) west of nearby Ur in southern Iraq's Dhi Qar Governorate. Most of the remains are from the Chalcolithic Ubaid period, for which Tell al-'Ubaid is the type site, with an Early Dynastic temple and cemetery at the highest point. It was a cult center for the goddess Ninhursag.[1]

Tell al-'Ubaid
العبيد
Shown within Iraq
Tell al-'Ubaid (Near East)
LocationDhi Qar Governorate, Iraq
RegionLower Mesopotamia
Coordinates30°58′12″N 46°1′32″E / 30.97000°N 46.02556°E / 30.97000; 46.02556
Typetell, type site
Length350 metre
Width250 metre
Height2 metre
History
PeriodsEarly Dynastic period, Ubaid period, Jemdet Nasr period, Ur III period
Site notes
Excavation dates1919; 1923; 1924; 1937
ArchaeologistsHenry Hall, Leonard Woolley, Pinhas Pierre Delougaz, Seton Lloyd

History of archaeological research edit

The site was first worked by Henry Hall of the British Museum in 1919.[2] He found an Early Dynastic III stone statue of Kurlil.[3] Later, C. L. Woolley excavated there in 1923 and 1924,[4] followed by Seton Lloyd and Pinhas Delougaz in 1937, the latter working for the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.[5][6]

Tell al-'Ubaid and its environment edit

Today, Tell al-'Ubaid lies 250 kilometres (160 mi) from the Persian Gulf, but the shoreline lay much closer to the site during the Ubaid period. The tell, or settlement mound, is an oblong measuring approximately 500 by 300 metres (1,640 ft × 980 ft) on a roughly north-south axis. It extends about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) above the current surface. The excavated Early Dynastic temple of Ninḫursaĝ, A-Ane-pada, is located on the northern edge of the site. Finds included a copper framed frieze of limestone birds set in a black shale background.[7] The temple was also worked on in the Ur III period.[8][9] A cemetery was also found with 96 graves, mostly from the Early Dynastic Period.[10]

Occupation history edit

The lower level of the site featured large amounts of Ubaid pottery and associated kilns. Evidence for Ubaid period pottery manufacture has also been observed on the surface of the site. The size of the surface scatter indicates that pottery production was a specialized craft, and this confirms finds from other Ubaid sites like Eridu.[8] The site also yielded a cemetery and some finds from the Jemdet Nasr period. The temple of Ninhursag at the summit was on a cleared oval similar to that at Khafajah. The wall surrounding the temple was built by Shulgi of the Ur III Empire.

Gallery edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Frayne, Douglas R. and Stuckey, Johanna H.. "N". A Handbook of Gods and Goddesses of the Ancient Near East: Three Thousand Deities of Anatolia, Syria, Israel, Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria, and Elam, University Park, USA: Penn State University Press, 2021, pp. 219-287
  2. ^ H. R. Hall, Season's Work at Ur; Al-'Ubaid, Abu Shahrain (Eridu), and Elsewhere; Being an Unofficial Account of the British Museum Archaeological Mission to Babylonia, 1919, Methuen, 1930
  3. ^ Reade, Julian. "Early monuments in Gulf stone at the British Museum, with observations on some Gudea statues and the location of Agade" , vol. 92, no. 2, 2002, pp. 258-295
  4. ^ Hall, H. R.; Woolley, C. L. (1927). UR Excavations Volume I Al-'Ubaid. Oxford University Press.
  5. ^ Delougaz, P. (1938). "A Short Investigation of the Temple at Al-'Ubaid". Iraq. 5: 1–11. doi:10.2307/4241617. JSTOR 4241617. S2CID 130499268.
  6. ^ Seton Lloyd, Ur-al 'Ubaid, 'Uqair and Eridu. An Interpretation of Some Evidence from the Flood-Pit, Iraq, ol. 22, Ur in Retrospect. In Memory of Sir C. Leonard Woolley, pp. 23-31, (Spring - Autumn, 1960)
  7. ^ [1]Paszke, Marcin Z., "Bird species diversity in 3rd millennium BC Mesopotamia: The case of the Al-Ubaid bird frieze from the Temple of Nin", Bioarchaeology of the Near East 15, pp. 25-54, 2021
  8. ^ a b Moore, A.M.T. (2002). "Pottery Kiln Sites at al 'Ubaid and Eridu". Iraq. 64: 69–77. doi:10.2307/4200519. JSTOR 4200519.
  9. ^ Clayden, Tim. “KASSITE HOUSING AT UR: THE DATES OF THE EM, YC, XNCF, AH AND KPS HOUSES.” Iraq, vol. 76, 2014, pp. 19–64
  10. ^ Harriet P. Martin, The Early Dynastic Cemetery at al-'Ubaid, a Re-Evaluation, Iraq, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 145-185, 1982

External links edit

  • Conservation Treatment of a 3rd Millennium BCE Mosaic Column from Al ‘Ubaid
  • Report on excavations at Tell al'Ubaid

tell, ubaid, arabic, العبيد, relatively, small, tell, settlement, mound, west, nearby, southern, iraq, governorate, most, remains, from, chalcolithic, ubaid, period, which, type, site, with, early, dynastic, temple, cemetery, highest, point, cult, center, godd. Tell al Ubaid Arabic العبيد is a low relatively small tell settlement mound west of nearby Ur in southern Iraq s Dhi Qar Governorate Most of the remains are from the Chalcolithic Ubaid period for which Tell al Ubaid is the type site with an Early Dynastic temple and cemetery at the highest point It was a cult center for the goddess Ninhursag 1 Tell al UbaidالعبيدShown within IraqShow map of IraqTell al Ubaid Near East Show map of Near EastLocationDhi Qar Governorate IraqRegionLower MesopotamiaCoordinates30 58 12 N 46 1 32 E 30 97000 N 46 02556 E 30 97000 46 02556Typetell type siteLength350 metreWidth250 metreHeight2 metreHistoryPeriodsEarly Dynastic period Ubaid period Jemdet Nasr period Ur III periodSite notesExcavation dates1919 1923 1924 1937ArchaeologistsHenry Hall Leonard Woolley Pinhas Pierre Delougaz Seton Lloyd Contents 1 History of archaeological research 2 Tell al Ubaid and its environment 3 Occupation history 4 Gallery 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory of archaeological research editThe site was first worked by Henry Hall of the British Museum in 1919 2 He found an Early Dynastic III stone statue of Kurlil 3 Later C L Woolley excavated there in 1923 and 1924 4 followed by Seton Lloyd and Pinhas Delougaz in 1937 the latter working for the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago 5 6 Tell al Ubaid and its environment editToday Tell al Ubaid lies 250 kilometres 160 mi from the Persian Gulf but the shoreline lay much closer to the site during the Ubaid period The tell or settlement mound is an oblong measuring approximately 500 by 300 metres 1 640 ft 980 ft on a roughly north south axis It extends about 2 metres 6 ft 7 in above the current surface The excavated Early Dynastic temple of Ninḫursaĝ A Ane pada is located on the northern edge of the site Finds included a copper framed frieze of limestone birds set in a black shale background 7 The temple was also worked on in the Ur III period 8 9 A cemetery was also found with 96 graves mostly from the Early Dynastic Period 10 Occupation history editThe lower level of the site featured large amounts of Ubaid pottery and associated kilns Evidence for Ubaid period pottery manufacture has also been observed on the surface of the site The size of the surface scatter indicates that pottery production was a specialized craft and this confirms finds from other Ubaid sites like Eridu 8 The site also yielded a cemetery and some finds from the Jemdet Nasr period The temple of Ninhursag at the summit was on a cleared oval similar to that at Khafajah The wall surrounding the temple was built by Shulgi of the Ur III Empire Gallery edit nbsp Stone statue of Kurlil Early Dynastic III 2500 BC Tell Al Ubaid nbsp Parts of mosaic columns from the entrance to the Temple of Ninhursag at Tell al Ubaid Iraq 2800 2600 BCE Iraq Museum nbsp Recumbent cow part of a frieze once decorated the facade of the Temple of Ninhursag at Tell al Ubaid Iraq 2800 2600 BCE Iraq Museum nbsp Sumerian scene milking cows and making dairy products From the facade of the Temple of Ninhursag at Tell al Ubaid Iraq 2800 2600 BCE Iraq MuseumSee also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tell Al Ubaid Cities of the Ancient Near East Copper Bull Tell al Ubaid Copper LintelReferences edit Frayne Douglas R and Stuckey Johanna H N A Handbook of Gods and Goddesses of the Ancient Near East Three Thousand Deities of Anatolia Syria Israel Sumer Babylonia Assyria and Elam University Park USA Penn State University Press 2021 pp 219 287 H R Hall Season s Work at Ur Al Ubaid Abu Shahrain Eridu and Elsewhere Being an Unofficial Account of the British Museum Archaeological Mission to Babylonia 1919 Methuen 1930 Reade Julian Early monuments in Gulf stone at the British Museum with observations on some Gudea statues and the location of Agade vol 92 no 2 2002 pp 258 295 Hall H R Woolley C L 1927 UR Excavations Volume I Al Ubaid Oxford University Press Delougaz P 1938 A Short Investigation of the Temple at Al Ubaid Iraq 5 1 11 doi 10 2307 4241617 JSTOR 4241617 S2CID 130499268 Seton Lloyd Ur al Ubaid Uqair and Eridu An Interpretation of Some Evidence from the Flood Pit Iraq ol 22 Ur in Retrospect In Memory of Sir C Leonard Woolley pp 23 31 Spring Autumn 1960 1 Paszke Marcin Z Bird species diversity in 3rd millennium BC Mesopotamia The case of the Al Ubaid bird frieze from the Temple of Nin Bioarchaeology of the Near East 15 pp 25 54 2021 a b Moore A M T 2002 Pottery Kiln Sites at al Ubaid and Eridu Iraq 64 69 77 doi 10 2307 4200519 JSTOR 4200519 Clayden Tim KASSITE HOUSING AT UR THE DATES OF THE EM YC XNCF AH AND KPS HOUSES Iraq vol 76 2014 pp 19 64 Harriet P Martin The Early Dynastic Cemetery at al Ubaid a Re Evaluation Iraq vol 44 no 2 pp 145 185 1982External links editConservation Treatment of a 3rd Millennium BCE Mosaic Column from Al Ubaid Report on excavations at Tell al Ubaid Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tell al 27Ubaid amp oldid 1211652765, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.